Introduction to pgBackRest for PostgreSQL Backup and Restore
pgBackRest is a robust and efficient open-source tool for managing PostgreSQL backups and restores. It supports features like incremental backups, compression, encryption, and parallel processing, making it a popular choice for production-grade PostgreSQL environments.
Syntax:
The basic syntax of pgBackRest commands is:
pgbackrest [options] [command] [stanza]
Explanation:
Installation and Configuration
Step 1: Install pgBackRest
1. Add the PostgreSQL repository:
sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list' wget -qO - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add - sudo apt update
2. Install pgBackRest:
sudo apt install pgbackrest -y
Step 2: Configure pgBackRest
1. Create the configuration directory:
sudo mkdir -p /etc/pgbackrest sudo chown postgres:postgres /etc/pgbackrest
2. Create the configuration file:
sudo nano /etc/pgbackrest/pgbackrest.conf
Add the following configuration:
[my_stanza] pg1-path=/var/lib/postgresql/14/main [global] repo1-path=/var/lib/pgbackrest repo1-retention-full=2
3. Initialize the stanza:
sudo -u postgres pgbackrest --stanza=my_stanza --log-level-console=info stanza-create
Usage Examples:
Backup PostgreSQL Data
1. Run a full backup:
Code:
sudo -u postgres pgbackrest --stanza=my_stanza --log-level-console=info backup
2. Run an incremental backup:
Code:
sudo -u postgres pgbackrest --stanza=my_stanza --type=incr --log-level-console=info backup
Restore PostgreSQL Data
1. Stop the PostgreSQL service:
Code:
sudo systemctl stop postgresql
2. Restore from backup:
Code:
sudo -u postgres pgbackrest --stanza=my_stanza --log-level-console=info restore
3. Start the PostgreSQL service:
Code:
sudo systemctl start postgresql
Check Backup Status
Show backup information:
Code:
sudo -u postgres pgbackrest info
Explanation:
1. Stanza Configuration: A stanza defines a PostgreSQL instance. This ensures the tool understands where the database resides and how backups should be managed.
2. Incremental Backups: Only modified files are backed up, saving time and storage space.
3. Parallel Processing: pgBackRest uses parallelism to speed up backups and restores.
4. Data Security: It supports encrypted backups to enhance data protection.
Best Practices
All PostgreSQL Questions, Answers, and Code Snippets Collection.
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