Many organizations in addition to W3C develop standards for the Internet or the Web. In order to coordinate the development of the Web, W3C engages in liaisons with numerous organizations after careful consideration of the costs and benefits.
As defined in the W3C Process Document, the term "liaison" is used to refer to coordination of activities with a variety of organizations, through a number of mechanisms ranging from very informal to mutual membership, or even more formal agreements. Liaisons are not meant to substitute for W3C membership.
W3C is a broad community which covers standardization work in W3C Working Groups and incubation work in W3C Community Groups (CGs). Listing a formal liaison with W3C on behalf of a CG on this page is generally discouraged because CG output does not represent the consensus of the W3C Community (of course informal liaison is always encouraged). If an external group outside of W3C would like a Liaison with a CG, they must write up their rationale and be explicit that they understand that the CG work is not normative. If there is such a request, it should be sent to team-liaisons@w3.org for approval.
While this page is public, some links may be W3C member-only.
Contact W3C about a new or existing liaison.
LiaisonsLiaison index:
3 • A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • S • T • U • V • W
European Commission
DG CONNECT
Xavier Piednoir,
Mike Pluke, and Mathias Schneider for M376
Federal Communications Commission (USA FCC) WAI Shawn Lawton Henry Suzy Rosen Singleton FIDO Alliance Web Payments, Security Ian Jacobs Tony Nadalin Financial Services Technology Consortium (FSTC) Generic Liaisons Ralph Swick Dan Schutzer, Executive Director (and AC Rep) Global Initiative for Inclusive ICTs (G3ICT) WAI Kevin White Axel Leblois GlobalPlatform Security, Ubiquitous Web Application Ian Jacobs Gil Bernabeu (Technical Director),(through Technical Liaison Group)
URI, IDN, Generic Liaisons, Auctions TBD CEO, Chairman, board members, staff International Color Consortium (ICC) Graphics, CSS Chris Lilley William Li IEEE Standards Generic Liaisons TBD Karen McCabe (OpenStand) The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)Security, Privacy, WebRTC, Web of Things.
Generic Liaisons
Simone Onofri,Michael Steidl
ISO JTC 1 PAS status, ARO Generic Liaisons Philippe Le Hégaret, Daniel Montalvo, Kevin White Norbert Bensalem, PAS Mentor, IBM(Class C Liaison)
I18N Fuqiao Xue Michel Suignard ISO JTC1/ SC 34 XML, EPUB(Class C Liaison)
Graphics Chris LilleyISO JTC1/SC 29/WG3 (MPEG Systems)
(Class C Liaison)
Graphics, Media and Entertainment, Fonts, Timed TextAtsushi Shimono (Timed Text)
Chris Lilley (Fonts)
Kazuyuki Ashimura (Media and Entertainment)
See the XG liaison statement
Secretary, SC 29
Vladimir Levantovsky
ISO TC 42/WG 23 Graphics Chris Lilley, Chris Blume Fares AlhassenISO TC 68/ WG 4
(Class D Liaison)
Web Services (on ISO side: Financial services) Yves Lafon Matthew RawlingsISO 20022 Registration Management Group.
(Class D Liaison)
Web Payments Ian Jacobs Kris Ketels ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 41 Web of Things Dave Raggett Sangkeun YOO ISO TC 211 Geographic information Spatial Data on the Web Bert Bos Mats Åhlin ISOC Generic Liaisons TBD Kathy Brown International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Generic Liaisons Daniel Montalvo Various ITU staff ITU-T Focus Group on Driver Distraction TBD (was MMI) Kazuyuki Ashimura Scott Pennock ITU-T ITU-T Group 13 TBD (was MMI) Kazuyuki Ashimura Gyu Myoung Lee ITU-T Group 21 (SG21 - Technologies for multimedia, content delivery and cable television) Media and Entertainment, Web-based Signage Kazuyuki Ashimura SG21 Secretariat (Stefano Polidori) ITU-T Group 20 Web of Things Kazuyuki Ashimura Gyu Myoung Lee, Cristina Bueti ITU Joint Coordination Activity for Identity Management (JCA-IdM) Decentralized Identity Pierre-Antoine Champin Jace Park Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, X 8341-3 Working Group 2 WAI Roy Ran Makoto Ueki (InfoAxia) Khronos Group Immersive Web, WebGPU Working Group, Web Machine Learning Working Group, Accessible Platform Architecture Working Group Dominique Hazaël-Massieux Neil Trevett LEX (LDBC Extended GQL Schema) Working Group at LDBC W3C Data Shapes Working Group Carine Bournez Alastair Green, LDBC Metaverse Standards Forum Immersive Web Working Group Dominique Hazaël-Massieux, François Daoust Neil Trevett MovieLabs Media and Entertainment François Daoust AC Rep Multi Stakeholder Platform for ICT standardisation (MSP) Rigo Wenning, Dominique Hazaël-Massieux Carlos Lopez-Rodriguez and Paul Killeen from the European Commission National Information Society Agency (NIA) WAI Roy Ran Joon-Ho Hyun OpenID Foundation Digital Credentials API Simone Onofri John Bradley (Yubico) OpenSSF Security TBD Bennett Pursell Open Wallet Foundation (OWF) Web Payments, Verifiable Credentials, Security Ian Jacobs Brian BehlendorfOrganization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS)
(W3C Member)
Generic Liaisons, HTML, Security, SVG (ODF liaison) TBD AC Rep OW2 MiniApps Fuqiao Xue Pierre-Yves Gibello and Christian Paterson Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) Media and Entertainment, Testing, Web of Things Kazuyuki Ashimura, Dave Raggett Michael Richmond,Kieran McAleese
Kimmo Halonen
Mobile Web Initiative: Jari Alvinen
Federated Social Web: Goix Laurent Walter
Object Management Group (OMG) Web Services, DOM Philippe Le Hégaret James Nemiah OneM2M Web of Things Dave Raggett Yongjing Zhang OpenMath Society MathML Bert Bos David Carlisle OPC Foundation Web of Things Kaz Ashimura Stefan Hoppe Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Security, Privacy, TAG TBD Sebastien Deleersnyder The Open Group Generic Liaisons, Web of Things Dave Raggett Scott Hansen; Chris Harding PCI Security Council Web Payments Ian Jacobs Updating as of May 2022 SMPTE Media and Entertainment, Timed Text Philippe Le Hégaret, Atsushi Shimono Mike Dolan Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA) Media and Entertainment Kazuyuki Ashimura DongHoon Lee Trillium-II Data TBD Harold Solbrig Unicode I18N Fuqiao Xue Mark Davis UNESCO I18N, WAI, Generic Liaisons Fuqiao Xue, Shawn Lawton Henry Axel Plathe, Claudio Menezes, Irmgarda Kasinskaite US Payments Forum Web Payments Ian Jacobs Randy Vanderhoof Vendorcom Forum Web Payments TBD Paul Rogers VoiceXML Forum MoU with VoiceXML Forum Voice Browser, MMI Kazuyuki Ashimura Michelle Hunt(W3C Member)
Graphics, Generic Liaisons Chris Lilley Don Brutzman WHATWG MOU HTML, DOM, Web IDL, HTML Media Capture, Worklets, Resource Hints, Preload, Media Playback Quality, Fetch Philippe Le Hégaret WHATWG Steering Group Mission of W3C international liaisonsW3C is determined to improve W3C's liaisons with international organizations in the areas of policy and standardization and to reinforce W3C's commitment to developing one Web for all.
International Relations focuses on spreading W3C's messages and technologies beyond the Consortium's usual geographical and Web community frontiers. We pursue the vision and plan outlined in the white paper Worldwide Participation in the World Wide Web Consortium with the goal of making it easier for new stakeholders to discover and participate in W3C's work and values.
To inquire about W3C liaisons and partnerships, or to ask for review of documents in case of existing liaisons, please send email to team-liaisons@w3.org which will reach various W3C staff members active in the liaisons area and end up in the right technical staff. Please see the public International Relations page for background. We have additional specific information about participation in W3C by EU-funded projects.
For relationships between W3C and government driven organizations like ISO, ITU, EU normalization (ETSI, CEN), UN efforts like IGF/WSIS, national bodies (ANSI, AFNOR, etc.), and for Internet Governance liaison activities with other Internet organizations like IETF, ICANN, ISOC, also use team-liaisons@w3.org.
About the liaison tableEach entry in the table above includes:
For more information about a particular liaison, please refer to the contact page for the listed individual(s).
When an external organization wants to send an ingoing liaison statement to W3C, it should send it to team-liaisons@w3.org, CCing the W3C staff in contact indicated the table above, and assume that this statement will potentially be shared with the entire W3C membership.
When an internal W3C group (usually via its Chair) wants to send an outgoing liaison statement from W3C, it should CC it to team-liaisons@w3.org and to the W3C staff contact for the group, and assume that this statement will potentially be shared with the entire W3C membership.
Considerations when establishing a liaisonW3C finds its liaisons fall into two categories:
We list both types of liaisons in the table above. Per the W3C Process Document, all liaisons, of any kind, must be coordinated by the W3C Team due to requirements for public communication, IPR or confidentiality policies. Mutual membership agreements are also possible.
W3C may choose not to pursue a liaison with an organization that has selective or arbitrary membership policies that serve only to benefit pre-existing or dominant members.
Simple liaisonsIn general, the goal of a simple liaison is for both parties to gain a better understanding of their respective activities and look for opportunities to work together. For example, W3C appreciates understanding how other organizations use W3C technology, whether they require extensions, the proper way to manage those extensions, how to bring extensions back into W3C, and so on. Other organizations may find a simple liaison valuable for soliciting W3C input on a web-related question.
Most often, W3C establishes simple liaisons with peer organizations, other standards bodies, or any other non-profit entity that may wish to build consensus around an emerging web technology. Simple liaisons are active as soon as both partie agree to make the information public in this page. Note that being in simple liaison with W3C on a given topic doesn't mean that W3C endorses or agrees to the other party work in any way.
Formal agreements for joint workIn some cases, W3C is asked to establish a formal liaison that has a contractual framework, either because there are joint deliverables, or an agreed share of technical responsibilities with coordination, with considerations for confidentiality, shared press coverage, or IPR.
While W3C supports all liaisons with other groups, the organization and development of these formal liaisons requires time and resources, and the agreement of the W3C membership at large. W3C's decision to pursue a liaison with a Partner is ultimately based on the perceived costs and benefits.
For a historical record of how Formal Liaisons are created, please see the 2003 Process Document, which used to described the details (no longer the case in the current Process).
W3C and De Jure standardsThis section describes some of W3C's relationships with de jure bodies such as ISO, in addition to the direct technical activity liaisons mentioned above.
W3C is an "ISO/IEC JTC 1 PAS" SubmitterAt the end of October 2010, W3C was approved as a JTC 1 Recognized PAS Submitter for an overall scope defined as "any stable core web technologies produced by W3C that are also in scope of JTC 1". The PAS process is standard transposition procedure whereby organizations accredited as valid PAS Submitters can send their specifications directly for country voting, to become ISO/IEC standards. See the W3C PAS Submission FAQ.
W3C Approved RS Originator Organization (ARO) status for ISO/JTC1In January 2007, W3C became an Approved RS Originator Organization (ARO) for ISO/JTC1. This means that ISO/JTC1 standards may refer to W3C Recommendations "as-is." That process is described in the Letter Ballot on the JTC 1 Standing Document on Normative References.
W3C in the EU Multi Stakeholders Platform for ICT (MSP)The Reform of the European standardisation system by the Council of the European Union (2012) allows civil servants to use and refer to specifications from open standardization fora and consortia such as W3C, in situations involving public funds. The Multistakeholder Platform (MSP) was set up as part of the reform to advise the Commission on its ICT Standardization work program, and W3C is part of it.
For more information about W3C's ARO or PAS status, please contact team-liaisons@w3.org.
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