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Showing content from https://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-wsdl20-adjuncts-20070626/ below:

Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 2: Adjuncts

This version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-wsdl20-adjuncts-20070626

Latest version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl20-adjuncts

Previous version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/PR-wsdl20-adjuncts-20070523

Editors:

Roberto Chinnici, Sun Microsystems

Hugo Haas, W3C

Amelia A. Lewis, TIBCO Software

Jean-Jacques Moreau, Canon

David Orchard, BEA Systems

Sanjiva Weerawarana, WSO2

Please refer to the errata for this document, which may include some normative corrections.

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: PDF, PostScript, XML, and plain text.

See also translations.

Copyright © 2007 W3C^® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.

WSDL 2.0 is the Web Services Description Language, an XML language for describing Web services. This document, "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 2: Adjuncts", specifies predefined extensions for use in WSDL 2.0:

• Message exchange patterns

• Operation safety

• Operation styles

• Binding extensions for SOAP and HTTP

The Web Services Description Language Version 2.0 (WSDL 2.0) [WSDL 2.0 Core Language] provides a model and an XML format for describing Web services. WSDL 2.0 enables one to separate the description of the abstract functionality offered by a service from concrete details of a service description such as "how" and "where" that functionality is offered.

This document, "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 2: Adjuncts", specifies predefined extensions for use in WSDL 2.0:

• Message exchange patterns: 2. Predefined Message Exchange Patterns

• Operation safety declaration: 3. Predefined Extensions

• Operation styles: 4. Predefined Operation Styles

• Binding extensions:

  • A SOAP 1.2 [SOAP 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework (Second Edition)] binding extension: 5. WSDL SOAP Binding Extension

  • An HTTP/1.1 [IETF RFC 2616] binding extension: 6. WSDL HTTP Binding Extension

This document depends on "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 1: Core Language" [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]. See also the "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 0: Primer" [WSDL 2.0 Primer] for more information and examples.

The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119 [IETF RFC 2119].

This specification uses a number of namespace prefixes throughout; they are listed in Table 1-1. Note that the choice of any namespace prefix is arbitrary and not semantically significant (see [XML Information Set]).

Namespace names of the general form "http://example.org/..." and "http://example.com/..." represent application or context-dependent URIs [IETF RFC 3986].

All parts of this specification are normative, with the EXCEPTION of pseudo-schemas, examples, and sections explicitly marked as "Non-Normative". Pseudo-schemas are provided for each component, before the description of this component. They provide visual help for the XML [XML 1.0] serialization. The syntax of BNF pseudo-schemas is the same as the one used in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language].

Assertions about WSDL 2.0 documents and components that are not enforced by the normative XML schema for WSDL 2.0 are marked by a dagger symbol (†) at the end of a sentence. Each assertion has been assigned a unique identifier that consists of a descriptive textual prefix and a unique numeric suffix. The numeric suffixes are assigned sequentially and never reused so there may be gaps in the sequence. The assertion identifiers MAY be used by implementations of this specification for any purpose, e.g. error reporting.

The assertions and their identifiers are summarized in section C. Assertion Summary.

Web Services Description Language (WSDL) message exchange patterns (hereafter simply 'patterns') define the sequence and cardinality of abstract messages listed in an operation. Message exchange patterns also define which other nodes send messages to, and receive messages from, the service implementing the operation.

A node is an agent (section 2.3.2.2 Agent of the Web Services Architecture [Web Services Architecture]) that can transmit and/or receive message(s) described in WSDL description(s) and process them.

Note:

A node MAY be accessible via more than one physical address or transport.^†

WSDL message exchange patterns describe the interaction at the abstract (interface) level, which may be distinct from the pattern used by the underlying protocol binding (e.g. SOAP Message Exchange Patterns; section 5.10.3 SOAP 1.2 Binding Rules contains the binding rules for the selection of a SOAP 1.2 message exchange pattern, based on the WSDL message exchange pattern in use for the SOAP binding extension defined in section 5. WSDL SOAP Binding Extension).

By design, WSDL message exchange patterns abstract out specific message types. Patterns identify placeholders for messages, and placeholders are associated with specific message types by the operation using the pattern.

Unless explicitly stated otherwise, WSDL message exchange patterns also abstract out binding-specific information such as timing between messages, whether the pattern is synchronous or asynchronous, and whether the messages are sent over a single or multiple channels.

Like interfaces and operations, WSDL message exchange patterns do not exhaustively describe the set of messages exchanged between a service and other nodes; by some prior agreement, another node and/or the service MAY send messages (to each other or to other nodes) that are not described by the pattern.^† For instance, even though a pattern can define a single message sent from a service to one other node, the Web service can in practice multicast that message to other nodes.

To maximize reuse, WSDL message exchange patterns identify a minimal contract between other parties and Web services, and contain only information that is relevant to both the Web service and another party.

This specification defines several message exchange patterns for use with WSDL Version 2.0 Part 1: Core Language [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]. Additional, non-normative patterns are available in [WSDL 2.0 Additional MEPs].

New message exchange patterns may be defined by any organization able and willing to do so. It is recommended that the patterns use the general template provided in 2.1.1 Pattern Name, after examination of existing predefined patterns.

This pattern consists of [number] message[s, in order] as follows:

[enumeration, specifying, for each message] A[n optional] message:

1. indicated by an Interface Message Reference component whose {message label} is "[label]" and {direction} is "[direction]"

2. [received from|sent to] ['some' if first mention] node [node identifier]

This pattern uses the rule [fault ruleset reference].

An Interface Operation using this message exchange pattern has a {message exchange pattern} property with the value "[pattern IRI]".

Note: In the template, the bracketed items indicate a replacement operation. Substitute the correct terms for each bracketed item.

Note: the "received from" and "sent to" are always from the point of view of the service, and participating nodes other than the service are implicitly identified as the originators of or destinations for messages in the exchange.

WSDL patterns specify their fault propagation model using standard rulesets to indicate where faults can occur. The most common patterns for fault propagation are defined in the following subsections, and referenced by the patterns in 2.3 Message Exchange Patterns. "Propagation" is defined as a best-effort attempt to transmit the fault message to its designated recipient.

WSDL patterns specify propagation of faults, not their generation. Nodes that generate faults MUST attempt to propagate the faults in accordance with the governing ruleset, but it is understood that any delivery of a network message is best effort, not guaranteed.^† The rulesets establish the direction of the fault message and the fault recipient; they do not provide reliability or other delivery guarantees. When a fault is generated, the generating node MUST attempt to propagate the fault, and MUST do so in the direction and to the recipient specified by the ruleset.^† However, extensions or binding extensions MAY modify these rulesets.^† For example, WS-Addressing [WSA 1.0 Core] defines a "FaultTo" address for messages, which is used in lieu of the recipient nominated by the ruleset.

Generation of a fault, regardless of ruleset, terminates the exchange.^†

Binding extensions, features, or extension specifications can override the semantics of a fault propagation ruleset, but this practice is strongly discouraged.

When the Fault Replaces Message propagation rule is in effect, any message after the first in the pattern MAY be replaced with a fault message, which MUST have identical direction. ^† The fault message MUST be delivered to the same target node as the message it replaces, unless otherwise specified by an extension or binding extension. If there is no path to this node, the fault MUST be discarded.^†

The Fault Replaces Message propagation rule is identified by the following URI: http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/fault-replaces-message

When the Message Triggers Fault propagation rule is in effect, any message, including the first in the pattern, MAY trigger a fault message, which MUST have opposite direction. ^† The fault message MUST be delivered to the originator of the triggering message, unless otherwise specified by an extension or binding extension. Any node MAY propagate a fault message, and MUST NOT do so more than once for each triggering message. If there is no path to the originator, the fault MUST be discarded.^†

The Message Triggers Fault propagation rule is identified by the following URI: http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/message-triggers-fault

When the No Faults propagation rule is in effect, faults MUST NOT be propagated. ^†

The No Faults propagation rule is identified by the following URI: http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/no-faults

Note that many of the message exchange patterns defined above describe responses to an initial message (either a normal response message or a fault.)

Such responses can be used in attempts to disrupt, attack, or map a network, host, or services. When such responses are directed to an address other than that originating the initial message, the source of an attack can be obscured, or blame laid on a third party, or denial-of-service attacks can be enabled or exacerbated.

Security mechanisms addressing such attacks can prevent the delivery of response messages to the receiving node. Conformance to the message exchange pattern is measured prior to the application of these security mechanisms.

This section defines an extension to WSDL 2.0 [WSDL 2.0 Core Language] that allows marking an operation as a safe interaction, as defined in section 3.4. Safe Interactions of [Web Architecture].

This extension MAY be used for setting defaults in bindings, such as in the HTTP binding (see 6.5.5 Mapping from XML Representation to Component Properties).

The safety extension adds the following property to the Interface Operation component model (defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {safe} REQUIRED. An xs:boolean indicating whether the operation is asserted to be safe for users to invoke. If this property is "false", then no assertion has been made about the safety of the operation, thus the operation MAY or MAY NOT be safe. However, an operation SHOULD be marked safe if it meets the criteria for a safe interaction defined in Section 3.4 of [Web Architecture].^†

<description>
 <interface>
   <operation name="xs:NCName" pattern="xs:anyURI"
              wsdlx:safe="xs:boolean"? >
  </operation>
 </interface>
</description>

The XML representation for the safety extension is an attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• An OPTIONAL safe attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:^†

  • A [local name] of safe

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl-extensions"

  • A type of xs:boolean

See Table 3-1.

This section defines operation styles that can be used to place constraints on Interface Operation components, in particular with respect to the format of the messages they refer to. The serialization formats defined in section 6.8 Serialization Format of Instance Data require bound Interface Operation components to have one or more of the styles defined in this section.

The RPC style is selected by including the value "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/rpc" in the {style} property of an Interface Operation component.

An Interface Operation component conforming to the RPC style MUST obey the constraints listed further below. Also, if the wrpc:signature extension is engaged simultaneously, the corresponding attribute information item MUST be valid according to the schema for the extension and additionally MUST obey the constraints listed in 4.1.1 wrpc:signature Extension and 4.1.2 XML Representation of the wrpc:signature Extension.

Furthermore, the associated messages MUST conform to the rules below, described using XML Schema [XML Schema Structures]. Note that operations containing messages described by other type systems may also indicate use of the RPC style, as long as they are constructed in such a way as to follow these rules.

If the RPC style is used by an Interface Operation component then its {message exchange pattern} property MUST have the value either "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-only" or "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-out".^†

If the Interface Operation component uses a {message exchange pattern} for which there is no output element, i.e. "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-only", then the conditions stated below that refer to output elements MUST be considered to be implicitly satisfied.

• The value of the {message content model} property for the Interface Message Reference components of the {interface message references} property MUST be "#element".^†

• The content model of input and output {element declaration} elements MUST be defined using a complex type that contains a sequence from XML Schema.^†

• The input sequence MUST only contain elements and element wildcards.^† It MUST NOT contain other structures such as xs:choice. The input sequence MUST NOT contain more than one element wildcard.^† The element wildcard, if present, MUST appear after any elements.^†

• The output sequence MUST only contain elements.^† It MUST NOT contain other structures such as xs:choice.

• Both the input and output sequences MUST contain only local element children.^† Note that these child elements MAY contain the following attributes: nillable, minOccurs and maxOccurs.

• The local name of input element's QName MUST be the same as the Interface Operation component's name.^†

• Input and output elements MUST both be in the same namespace.^†

• The complex type that defines the body of an input or an output element MUST NOT contain any local attributes.^† Extension attributes are allowed for purposes of managing the message infrastructure (e.g. adding identifiers to facilitate digitally signing the contents of the message). They must not be considered as part of the application data that is conveyed by the message. Therefore, they are never included in an RPC signature (see 4.1.1 wrpc:signature Extension).

• If elements with the same qualified name appear as children of both the input and output elements, then they MUST both be declared using the same named type.^†

• The input or output sequence MUST NOT contain multiple children elements declared with the same name.^†

The wrpc:signature extension attribute information item MAY be used in conjunction with the RPC style to describe the exact signature of the function represented by an operation that uses the RPC style.

When present, the wrpc:signature extension contributes the following property to the Interface Operation component it is applied to:

• {rpc signature} OPTIONAL, but MUST be present when the style is RPC^†. A list of pairs (q, t) whose first component is of type xs:QName and whose second component is of type xs:token. Values for the second component MUST be chosen among the following four: "#in", "#out", "#inout" "#return".^†

The value of the {rpc signature} property MUST satisfy the following conditions:

• The value of the first component of each pair (q, t) MUST be unique within the list.^†

• For each child element of the input and output messages of the operation, a pair (q, t), whose first component q is equal to the qualified name of that element, MUST be present in the list, with the caveat that elements that appear with cardinality greater than one MUST be treated as a single element.^†

• For each pair (q, #in), there MUST be a child element of the input element with a name of q. There MUST NOT be a child element of the output element with the name of q.^†

• For each pair (q, #out), there MUST be a child element of the output element with a name of q. There MUST NOT be a child element of the input element with the name of q.^†

• For each pair (q, #inout), there MUST be a child element of the input element with a name of q. There MUST also be a child element of the output element with the name of q.^†

• For each pair (q, #return), there MUST be a child element of the output element with a name of q. There MUST NOT be a child element of the input element with the name of q.^†

The function signature defined by a wrpc:signature extension is determined as follows:

1. Start with the value of the {rpc signature} property, a (possibly empty) list of pairs of this form:

       [(q0, t0), (q1, t1), ...]

2. Filter the elements of this list into two lists, the first one (L1) comprising pairs whose t component is one of {#in, #out, #inout}, the second (L2) pairs whose t component is #return. During the composition of L1 and L2, the relative order of members in the original list MUST be preserved.

   For ease of visualization, let's denote the two lists as:

       (L1)    [(a0, u0), (a1, u1), ...]

   and

       (L2)    [(r0, #return), (r1, #return), ...]

   respectively.

3. Then, if the input sequence ends with an element wildcard, the formal signature of the function is:

       f([d0] a0, [d1] a1, ..., rest) => (r0, r1, ...)

   where rest is a formal parameter representing the elements in the input message matched by the element wildcard.

   Otherwise the formal signature of the function is:

       f([d0] a0, [d1] a1, ...) => (r0, r1, ...)

   i.e.:

   • the list of formal arguments to the function is [a0, a1, ...];

   • the direction d of each formal argument a is one of [in], [out], [inout], determined according to the value of its corresponding u token;

   • the list of formal return parameters of the function is [r0, r1, ...];

   • each formal argument and formal return parameter is typed according to the type of the child element identified by it (unique per the conditions given above).

Note:

The wrpc:signature extension allows the specification of multiple return values for an operation. Several popular programming languages support multiple return values for a function. Moreover, for languages which do not, the burden on implementers should be small, as typically multiple return values will be mapped to a single return value of a structure type (or its closest language-specific equivalent).

The XML representation for the RPC signature extension is an attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of signature

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/rpc"

The type of the signature attribute information item is a list type whose item type is the union of the xs:QName type and the subtype of the xs:token type restricted to the following four values: "#in", "#out", "#inout", "#return". See Example 4-1 for an excerpt from the normative schema definition of this type.

Additionally, each even-numbered item (0, 2, 4, ...) in the list MUST be of type xs:QName and each odd-numbered item (1, 3, 5, ...) in the list MUST be of the subtype of xs:token described in the previous paragraph.^†

Example 4-1. Definition of the wrpc:signature extension

<xs:attribute name="signature" type="wrpc:signatureType"/>

<xs:simpleType name="signatureType">
  <xs:list itemType="wrpc:signatureItemType"/>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="signatureItemType">
  <xs:union memberTypes="xs:QName wrpc:directionToken"/>
</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="directionToken">
  <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
    <xs:enumeration value="#in"/>
    <xs:enumeration value="#out"/>
    <xs:enumeration value="#inout"/>
    <xs:enumeration value="#return"/>
  </xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>
          
           

A wrpc:signature extension attribute information item is mapped to the following property of the Interface Operation component defined by its [owner].

The IRI style is selected by including the value "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/iri" in the {style} property of an Interface Operation component.

When using this style, the value of the {message content model} property of the Interface Message Reference component corresponding to the initial message of the message exchange pattern MUST be "#element".^†

Use of this value indicates that XML Schema [XML Schema Structures] was used to define the schema of the {element declaration} property of the Interface Message Reference component of the Interface Operation component corresponding to the initial message of the message exchange pattern. This schema MUST adhere to the rules below:

• The content model of this element is defined using a complex type that contains a sequence from XML Schema.

• The sequence MUST only contain elements.^† It MUST NOT contain other structures such as xs:choice. There are no occurrence constraints on the sequence.

• The sequence MUST contain only local element children.^† Note these child elements can contain the nillable attribute.

• The localPart of the element's QName MUST be the same as the Interface Operation component's {name}.^†

• The complex type that defines the body of the element or its children elements MUST NOT contain any attributes.^†

• The children elements of the sequence MUST derive from xs:simpleType, and MUST NOT be of the type or derive from xs:QName, xs:NOTATION, xs:hexBinary or xs:base64Binary.^†

The Multipart style is selected by including the value "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/multipart" in the {style} property of an Interface Operation component.

When using this style, the value of the {message content model} property of the Interface Message Reference component corresponding to the initial message of the message exchange pattern MUST be "#element".^†

Use of this value indicates that XML Schema [XML Schema Structures] was used to define the schema of the {element declaration} property of the Interface Message Reference component of the Interface Operation component corresponding to the initial message of the message exchange pattern. This schema MUST adhere to the rules below:

• The content model of this element is defined using a complex type that contains a sequence from XML Schema.

• The sequence MUST only contain elements.^† It MUST NOT contain other structures such as xs:choice.

• The sequence MUST contain only local element children.^† The attributes minOccurs and maxOccurs for these child elements MUST have a value 1.^† Note these child elements can contain the nillable attribute.

• The localPart of the element's QName MUST be the same as the Interface Operation component's {name}.^†

• The complex type that defines the body of the element or its children elements MUST NOT contain any attributes.^†

• The sequence MUST NOT contain multiple children element declared with the same local name.^†

The SOAP binding extension described in this section is an extension for [WSDL 2.0 Core Language] to enable Web services applications to use SOAP. This binding extension is SOAP version independent ("1.2" as well as other versions) and extends WSDL 2.0 by adding properties to the Binding component, and its related components, as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]. In addition, an XML Infoset representation for these additional properties is provided, along with a mapping from that representation to the various component properties.

As allowed in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language], a Binding component can exist without indicating a specific Interface component that it applies to. In this case, no Binding Operation or Binding Fault component can be present in the Binding component.

The SOAP binding extension is designed with the objective of minimizing what needs to be explicitly declared for common cases. This is achieved by defining a set of default rules that affect all Interface Operation components of an Interface component to which the SOAP binding extension is applied, unless specifically overridden by a Binding Operation component. Thus, if a given Interface Operation component is not referred to specifically by a Binding Operation component, then all the default rules apply to that Interface Operation component. As a result, in accordance with the requirements of [WSDL 2.0 Core Language], all operations of an Interface component will be bound by this binding extension.

Note: As in other parts of this specification, one could have done away with "default" properties at the component model level, and have set the value for the corresponding non-default properties in the XML mapping section. However, default properties are required for interface-less binding. Indeed, an interface-less binding has no means to set the non-default version of the property at the operation-level, since there is precisely no operation (there is not even an interface). Hence the mapping needs to be done elsewhere.

A subset of the HTTP properties specified in the HTTP binding extension defined in section 6. WSDL HTTP Binding Extension are present in a SOAP binding when the SOAP binding uses HTTP as the underlying protocol, for example, when the value of the {soap underlying protocol} property of the Binding component is "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindings/HTTP/". These properties MUST NOT be used unless the underlying protocol is HTTP.^† The allowed properties are the ones that describe the underlying protocol (HTTP):

• {http location} and {http location ignore uncited} on Binding Operation components, as defined in 6.5 Binding Operations and 6.8.2.2.2 Controlling the serialization of the query string in the request IRI, respectively.

• {http headers} on Binding Message Reference and Binding Fault components, as defined in 6.6 Declaring HTTP Headers

• {http query parameter separator default} on Binding components, {http query parameter separator} on Binding Operation components, as defined in 6.5.2 Relationship to WSDL Component Model

• {http content encoding default} on Binding and Binding Operation components, {http content encoding} on Binding Message Reference and Binding Fault components, as defined in 6.9 Specifying the Content Encoding

• {http cookies} on Binding components, as defined in 6.10 Specifying the Use of HTTP Cookies.

• {http authentication scheme} and {http authentication realm} on Endpoint components, as defined in 6.11 Specifying HTTP Access Authentication

<description>
  <binding name="xs:NCName" interface="xs:QName"?
           type="http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"
           whttp:queryParameterSeparatorDefault="xs:string"??
           whttp:contentEncodingDefault="xs:string"??
           whttp:cookies="xs:boolean"?
           wsoap:version="xs:string"?
           wsoap:protocol="xs:anyURI"
           wsoap:mepDefault="xs:anyURI"? >
    <documentation />*

    <wsoap:module ref="xs:anyURI" required="xs:boolean"? >
      <documentation />*
    </wsoap:module>*
    
    <fault ref="xs:QName"
           wsoap:code="union of xs:QName, xs:token"?
           wsoap:subcodes="union of (list of xs:QName), xs:token"?
           whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"?? >

      <documentation />*

      <wsoap:module ... />*
      <wsoap:header element="xs:QName" mustUnderstand="xs:boolean"?
                    required="xs:boolean"? >
        <documentation />*
      </wsoap:header>*
      <whttp:header ... />*??

    </fault>*

    <operation ref="xs:QName" 
               whttp:location="xs:anyURI"??
               whttp:contentEncodingDefault="xs:string"??
               whttp:queryParameterSeparator="xs:string"??
               whttp:ignoreUncited="xs:boolean"??
               wsoap:mep="xs:anyURI"?
               wsoap:action="xs:anyURI"? >

      <documentation />*

      <wsoap:module ... />*

      <input messageLabel="xs:NCName"?
             whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"?? >
        <documentation />*
        <wsoap:module ... />*
        <wsoap:header ... />*
        <whttp:header ... />*??
      </input>*

      <output messageLabel="xs:NCName"?
             whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"?? >
        <documentation />*
        <wsoap:module ... />*
        <wsoap:header ... />*
        <whttp:header ... />*??
      </output>*

      <infault ref="xs:QName"
                  messageLabel="xs:NCName"?>
        <documentation />*
        <wsoap:module ... />*
      </infault>*

      <outfault ref="xs:QName"
                   messageLabel="xs:NCName"?>
        <documentation />*
        <wsoap:module ... />*
      </outfault>*

    </operation>*

  </binding>

  <service>
    <endpoint name="xs:NCName" binding="xs:QName" address="xs:anyURI"?
              whttp:authenticationScheme="xs:token"?? 
              whttp:authenticationRealm="xs:string"?? >
      <documentation />*
    </endpoint>
  </service>
</description>

Note:

The double question marks ("??") after the attributes in the whttp namespace indicates that those optional attributes only make sense when the SOAP binding uses HTTP as the underlying protocol, for example, when the value of the wsoap:protocol attribute is "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindings/HTTP/".

A Binding component (defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]) is identified as a SOAP binding by assigning the value "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap" to the {type} property of the Binding component.

• Payload Construction. When formulating the SOAP envelope to be transmitted, the contents of the payload (i.e., the contents of the SOAP Body element information item of the SOAP envelope) MUST be what is defined by the corresponding Interface Message Reference component.^† This is further subject to optimization by a feature in use which affects serialization, such as MTOM [SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism]. The following binding rules MUST be adhered to:

  • If the value of the {message content model} property of the Interface Message Reference component is "#any", then the payload MAY be any one XML element.

  • If the value is "#none", then the payload MUST be empty.^†

  • If the value is "#element", then the payload MUST be the element information item identified by the {element declaration} property of the Interface Message Reference component.^†

  • If the Interface Message Reference component is declared using a non-XML type system (as considered in the Types section of [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]), then additional binding rules MUST be defined to indicate how to map those components into the SOAP envelope.^†

  Note:

  This SOAP binding extension only allows one single element in the SOAP body.

• SOAP Header Construction. If the {soap headers} property as defined in section 5.9 Declaring SOAP Header Blocks exists and is not empty in a Binding Message Reference or Binding Fault component, then an element information item conforming to the element declaration of a SOAP Header Block component's {element declaration} property, in the {soap headers} property, MAY be turned into a SOAP header block for the corresponding message.

  If the value of the SOAP Header Block component's {required} property is "true", the inclusion of this SOAP header block is REQUIRED, otherwise it is OPTIONAL.

  And, if the SOAP Header Block component's {mustUnderstand} property is present and its value is "true", that particular SOAP header block MUST be marked with a mustUnderstand attribute information item with a value of "true" or "1" as per the SOAP specification.

  SOAP header blocks other than the ones declared in the {soap headers} property may be present at run-time, such as the SOAP header blocks resulting from SOAP modules declared as explained in section 5.8 Declaring SOAP Modules.

The SOAP protocol specification adds the following property to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {soap version} REQUIRED. A xs:string, to the Binding component.

<description>
  <binding  name="xs:NCName" interface="xs:QName"? type="xs:anyURI"
            wsoap:version="xs:string"? >
    ...
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for specifying the SOAP version is an optional attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of version

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

• A type of xs:string

See Table 5-1.

Every SOAP binding MUST indicate what underlying protocol is in use.^†

<description>
  <binding  name="xs:NCName" interface="xs:QName"? type="xs:anyURI"
            wsoap:protocol="xs:anyURI" >
    ...
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for specifying the SOAP protocol is a REQUIRED attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of protocol

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

• A type of xs:anyURI

See Table 5-2.

For every Interface Fault component contained in an Interface component, a mapping to a SOAP Fault MUST be described.^† This binding extension specification allows the user to indicate the SOAP fault code and subcodes that are transmitted for a given Interface Fault component.

The SOAP Fault binding extension adds the following properties to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {soap fault code} REQUIRED. A union of xs:QName and xs:token, to the Binding Fault component, where:

  • when the value of the {soap version} is "1.2", the allowed QNames MUST be the ones defined by [SOAP 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework (Second Edition)], section 5.4.6^†;

  • the allowed token value is "#any".

  The value of this property identifies a possible SOAP fault for the operations in scope. If the value of this property is "#any", no assertion is made about the possible value of the SOAP fault code.

• {soap fault subcodes} REQUIRED. A union of list of xs:QName, and xs:token where the allowed token value is "#any", to the Binding Fault component. The value of this property identifies one or more subcodes for this SOAP fault. The list of subcodes is the nested sequence of subcodes. An empty list represents a fault code without subcodes.

<description>
  <binding >
    <fault ref="xs:QName"
           wsoap:code="union of xs:QName, xs:token"?
           wsoap:subcodes="union of (list of xs:QName), xs:token"? >
      <documentation />*
    </fault>*
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for binding a SOAP Fault are two attribute information items with the following Infoset properties:

• wsoap:code OPTIONAL attribute information item

  • A [local name] of code

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

  • A type of union of xs:QName and xs:token where the allowed token value is "#any"

• wsoap:subcodes OPTIONAL attribute information item

  • A [local name] of subcodes

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

  • A type of union of list of xs:QName, and xs:token where the allowed token value is "#any"

See Table 5-3.

For every Interface Operation component contained in an Interface component, in addition to the binding rules (for SOAP 1.2, see 5.10.3 SOAP 1.2 Binding Rules), there may be additional binding information to be specified. This binding extension specification allows the user to indicate the SOAP Message Exchange Pattern (MEP) and a value for the SOAP Action Feature on a per-operation basis.

<description>
  <binding wsoap:mepDefault="xs:anyURI"? >
    <operation ref="xs:QName" 
               wsoap:mep="xs:anyURI"?
               wsoap:action="xs:anyURI"? >
    </operation>
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for binding a Binding Operation are two attribute information items with the following Infoset properties:

• wsoap:mep OPTIONAL attribute information item

  • A [local name] of mep

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

  • A type of xs:anyURI

• wsoap:action OPTIONAL attribute information item

  • A [local name] of action

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

  • A type of xs:anyURI

The following attribute information item for the binding element information item is defined:

• wsoap:mepDefault OPTIONAL attribute information item

  • A [local name] of mepDefault

  • A [namespace name] of " http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap "

  • A type of xs:anyURI

See Table 5-4.

The SOAP messaging framework allows a Web service to engage one or more additional features (typically implemented as one or more SOAP header blocks), as defined by SOAP Modules (see [SOAP 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework (Second Edition)]). This binding extension specification allows description of which SOAP Modules are in use across an entire binding, on a per operation basis or on a per-message basis.

The SOAP Module component adds the following property to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {soap modules} OPTIONAL. A set of SOAP Module components as defined in 5.8.3 SOAP Module component to the Binding component

• Similarly, {soap modules} OPTIONAL, to the Binding Operation component

• Similarly, {soap modules} OPTIONAL, to the Binding Message Reference component

• Similarly, {soap modules} OPTIONAL, to the Binding Fault component

• Similarly, {soap modules} OPTIONAL, to the Binding Fault Reference component

The SOAP modules applicable for a particular operation of any service, consists of all the modules specified in the input or output Binding Message Reference components, the infault or outfault Binding Fault Reference components, those specified within the Binding Fault components, those specified within the Binding Operation components and those specified within the Binding component. If any module is declared in multiple components, then the requiredness of that module is defined by the closest declaration, where closeness is defined by whether it is specified directly at the Binding Message Reference component or Binding Fault Reference component level, the Binding Fault level or the Binding Operation component level or the Binding component level, respectively.

<description>
  <binding >
    <wsoap:module ref="xs:anyURI"
                  required="xs:boolean"? >
      <documentation ... />*
    </wsoap:module>
    <fault>
      <wsoap:module ... />*
    </fault>
    <operation>
      <wsoap:module ... />*
      <input>
        <wsoap:module ... />*
      </input>
      <output>
        <wsoap:module ... />*
      </output>
      <infault>
        <wsoap:module ... />*
      </infault>
      <outfault>
        <wsoap:module ... />*
      </outfault>
    </operation>
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for a SOAP Module component is an element information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of module

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

• One or more attribute information items amongst its [attributes] as follows:

  • A REQUIRED ref attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of ref

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:anyURI

  • An OPTIONAL required attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of required

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:boolean

  • Zero or more namespace qualified attribute information items. The [namespace name] of such attribute information items MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap".

• Zero or more element information item amongst its [children], in order, as follows:

  1. Zero or more documentation element information items as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language].

  2. Zero or more namespace-qualified element information items amongst its [children]. The [namespace name] of such element information items MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap".

See Table 5-5.

SOAP allows the use of header blocks in the header part of the message. This binding extension allows users to declare the SOAP header blocks in use on a per-message and on a per-fault basis.

A SOAP Header Block component describes an abstract piece of header data (SOAP header block) that is associated with the exchange of messages between the communicating parties. The presence of a SOAP Header Block component in a WSDL description indicates that the service supports headers, and MAY require a client interacting with the service to use the described header block. Zero or one such header block may be used.

The properties of the SOAP Header Block component are as follows:

• {element declaration} REQUIRED. An XML element declaration in the {element declarations} property of the Description component. This XML element declaration uniquely represents a specific SOAP header block.

• {mustUnderstand} REQUIRED. A xs:boolean. Otherwise, no additional constraint is placed on the presence and value of a SOAP mustUnderstand attribute information item.

• {required} REQUIRED. A xs:boolean indicating if the SOAP header block is required. If it is "false", then the SOAP header block MAY be included.

• {parent} REQUIRED. The Binding Fault or Binding Message Reference component that contains this component in its {soap headers} property.

<description>
  <binding name="xs:NCName" type="http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap" >
    <fault ref="xs:QName" >
      <wsoap:header element="xs:QName" mustUnderstand="xs:boolean"?
                 required="xs:boolean"? >
        <documentation />*
      </wsoap:header>*
      ...
    </fault>*
    <operation ref="xs:QName" >
      <input messageLabel="xs:NCName"?>
        <wsoap:header ... />*
        ...
      </input>*
      <output messageLabel="xs:NCName"?>
        <wsoap:header ... />*
        ...
      </output>*
    </operation>*
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for a SOAP Header Block component is an element information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of header

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap"

• One or more attribute information items amongst its [attributes] as follows:

  • A REQUIRED element attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of element

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:QName

  • An OPTIONAL mustUnderstand attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of mustUnderstand

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:boolean

  • An OPTIONAL required attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of required

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:boolean

  • Zero or more namespace qualified attribute information items. The [namespace name] of such attribute information items MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap".

• Zero or more element information item amongst its [children], in order, as follows:

  1. Zero or more documentation element information items as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language].

  2. Zero or more namespace-qualified element information items amongst its [children]. The [namespace name] of such element information items MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap".

See Table 5-6.

This section describes the SOAP 1.2 binding for WSDL 2.0. This binding does NOT natively support the full range of capabilities from SOAP 1.2. Certain capabilities not widely used, or viewed as problematic in practice, are not available -in many cases because supporting them was considered as adding considerable complexity to the language. Here are examples of such unsupported capabilities:

• multiple children of the SOAP Body;

• multiple SOAP Fault Detail entries;

• non-qualified elements as children of a SOAP Fault Detail.

A WSDL SOAP Binding is identified as a SOAP 1.2 binding by assigning the value "1.2" to the {soap version} property of the Binding component.

These binding rules are applicable to SOAP 1.2 bindings.

• SOAP Action Feature. The value of the SOAP Action Feature for the initial message of the message exchange pattern of the Interface Operation bound is specified by the {soap action} property of this Binding Operation component. If the Binding Operation component does NOT have a {soap action} property defined, then the SOAP Action Feature (see [SOAP 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts (Second Edition)]) has NO value. Otherwise, its value is the value of the SOAP Action Feature for the initial message of the message exchange pattern. The {soap action} property has NO effect when binding to the SOAP-Response MEP.

• SOAP MEP Selection. For a given Interface Operation component, if there is a Binding Operation component whose {interface operation} property matches the component in question and its {soap mep} property has a value, then the SOAP MEP is the value of the {soap mep} property. Otherwise, the SOAP MEP is the value of the Binding component's {soap mep default}, if any. Otherwise, the Interface Operation component's {message exchange pattern} property MUST have the value "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-out", and the SOAP MEP is the URI "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/request-response/" identifying the SOAP Request-Response Message Exchange Pattern as defined in [SOAP 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts (Second Edition)].^†

• SOAP Detail Element. If any, the value of the SOAP "Detail" element MUST be the element information item identified by the {element declaration} property of the Interface Fault component.^†

• HTTP Method Selection. This default binding rule is applicable when the value of the {soap underlying protocol} property of the Binding component is "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindings/HTTP/". If the SOAP MEP selected as specified above has the value "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/request-response/" then the HTTP method used is "POST". If the SOAP MEP selected has the value "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/soap-response/" then the HTTP method used is "GET".^†

This section describes the relationship between WSDL components and SOAP 1.2 MEP properties as described in [SOAP 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts (Second Edition)].

This section describes the mapping from the WSDL "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-out" Message Exchange Pattern (MEP) to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/request-response/" MEP (as would be the case for a usual SOAP-over-HTTP In-Out operation). Extensions (such as [WSA 1.0 Core]) MAY alter these mappings.

As the client, the property "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindingFramework/ExchangeContext/Role" takes the value "RequestingSOAPNode".

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/ImmediateDestination" property takes the value of the HTTP Request IRI, as defined in 6.4.6 HTTP Request IRI, and modified as described in section 6.8.1 Serialization of the instance data in parts of the HTTP request IRI.

The WSDL "In" message is mapped to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/OutboundMessage" property.

The WSDL "Out" message maps to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/InboundMessage" property.

As the service, the property "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindingFramework/ExchangeContext/Role" takes the value "RespondingSOAPNode".

The WSDL "In" message is mapped to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/InboundMessage" property.

The WSDL "Out" message maps to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/OutboundMessage" property.

This section describes the mapping from the WSDL "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-out" MEP to the "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/soap-response/" SOAP MEP. Extensions (such as [WSA 1.0 Core]) MAY alter these mappings.

This section describes the mapping from the WSDL "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-only" MEP to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/request-response/" MEP. Extensions (such as [WSA 1.0 Core]) MAY alter these mappings.

As the client, the property "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindingFramework/ExchangeContext/Role" takes the value "RequestingSOAPNode".

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/ImmediateDestination" property takes the value of the HTTP Request IRI, as defined in 6.4.6 HTTP Request IRI, and modified as described in section 6.8.1 Serialization of the instance data in parts of the HTTP request IRI.

The WSDL "In" message is mapped to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/OutboundMessage" property.

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/InboundMessage" property has no value.

As the service, the property "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindingFramework/ExchangeContext/Role" takes the value "RespondingSOAPNode".

The WSDL "In" message is mapped to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/InboundMessage" property.

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/OutboundMessage" property has no value.

This section describes the mapping from the WSDL "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/robust-in-only" MEP to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/request-response/" MEP. Extensions (such as [WSA 1.0 Core]) MAY alter these mappings.

As the client, the property "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindingFramework/ExchangeContext/Role" takes the value "RequestingSOAPNode".

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/ImmediateDestination" property takes the value of the HTTP Request IRI, as defined in 6.4.6 HTTP Request IRI, and modified as described in section 6.8.1 Serialization of the instance data in parts of the HTTP request IRI.

The WSDL "In" message is mapped to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/OutboundMessage" property.

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/InboundMessage" can contain a SOAP fault.

As the service, the property "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/bindingFramework/ExchangeContext/Role" takes the value "RespondingSOAPNode".

The WSDL "In" message is mapped to the SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/InboundMessage" property.

The SOAP "http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap/mep/OutboundMessage" can contain a SOAP fault.

An element information item whose namespace name is "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and whose local part is description conforms to this binding extension specification if the element information items and attribute information items whose namespace is http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/soap conform to the XML Schema for that element or attribute as defined by this specification and additionally adheres to all the constraints contained in this specification.

The HTTP binding extension described in this section is an extension for [WSDL 2.0 Core Language] to enable Web services applications to use HTTP 1.1 [IETF RFC 2616] (as well as other versions of HTTP) and HTTPS [IETF RFC 2818]. This binding extension extends WSDL 2.0 by adding properties to the component model defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]. In addition an XML Infoset representation for these additional properties is provided, along with a mapping from that representation to the various component properties.

As allowed in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language], a Binding component can exist without indicating a specific Interface component that it applies to and, in this case, no Binding Operation or Binding Fault components can be present in the Binding component.

The HTTP binding extension is designed with the objective of minimizing what needs to be explicitly declared for common cases. This is achieved by defining a set of default rules that affect all Interface Operation components of an Interface component to which the HTTP binding extension is applied, unless specifically overridden by a Binding Operation component. Thus, if a given Interface Operation component is not referred to specifically by a Binding Operation component, then all the default rules apply to that Interface Operation component. As a result, in accordance with the requirements of [WSDL 2.0 Core Language], all operations of an Interface component will be bound by this binding extension.

Note: As in other parts of this specification, one could have done away with "default" properties at the component model level, and have set the value for the corresponding non-default properties in the XML mapping section. However, default properties are required for interface-less binding. Indeed, an interface-less binding has no means to set the non-default version of the property at the operation-level, since there is precisely no operation (there is not even an interface). Hence the mapping needs to be done elsewhere.

[Definition: The internal tree representation of an input, output or fault message is called an instance data, and is constrained by the schema definition associated with the message: the XML element referenced in the {element declaration} property of the Interface Message Reference component for input and output messages (unless the {message content model} is "#any"), and in the {element declaration} property of an Interface Fault component for faults.]

A Binding component (defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]) is identified as an HTTP binding by assigning the value "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http" to the {type} property of the Binding component.

<description>
  <binding name="xs:NCName" interface="xs:QName"?
           type="http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"
           whttp:methodDefault="xs:string"?
           whttp:queryParameterSeparatorDefault="xs:string"?
           whttp:cookies="xs:boolean"?
           whttp:contentEncodingDefault="xs:string"? >
   <documentation />?

    <fault ref="xs:QName"
           whttp:code="union of xs:int, xs:token"?
           whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"? >
      <documentation />*
      <whttp:header name="xs:string" type="xs:QName"
                    required="xs:boolean"? >
        <documentation />*
      </whttp:header>*
    </fault>*

    <operation ref="xs:QName" 
               whttp:location="xs:anyURI"?
               whttp:method="xs:string"? 
               whttp:inputSerialization="xs:string"? 
               whttp:outputSerialization="xs:string"? 
               whttp:faultSerialization="xs:string"? 
               whttp:queryParameterSeparator="xs:string"?
               whttp:contentEncodingDefault="xs:string"?
               whttp:ignoreUncited="xs:boolean"? >
          <documentation />*

      <input messageLabel="xs:NCName"? 
             whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"? >
        <documentation />*
        <whttp:header ... />*
      </input>*

      <output messageLabel="xs:NCName"?
              whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"? >
        <documentation />*
        <whttp:header ... />*
      </output>*

      <infault ref="xs:QName"
                  messageLabel="xs:NCName"? >
        <documentation />*
      </infault>*

      <outfault ref="xs:QName"
                 messageLabel="xs:NCName"? >
        <documentation />*
      </outfault>*

    </operation>*

  </binding>

  <service>
    <endpoint name="xs:NCName" binding="xs:QName" address="xs:anyURI"?
              whttp:authenticationScheme="xs:token"? 
              whttp:authenticationRealm="xs:string"? >
      <documentation />*
    </endpoint>
  </service>
</description>

An implementation of the HTTP binding extension MUST support the following extensions:

• "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl-extensions/safe" (see 3.1 Operation safety)

When formulating the HTTP message to be transmitted, content encoding for a given Binding Message Reference component is determined as follows:^†

• If the {http content encoding} property has a non-empty value, a Content-Encoding header-field MUST be inserted with the value of this property.

• Otherwise, if the value of the parent Binding Operation component's {http content encoding default} property has a non-empty value, a Content-Encoding header-field MUST be inserted with the value of this property.

• Otherwise, if the value of the grandparent Binding component's {http content encoding default} property has a non-empty value, a Content-Encoding header-field MUST be inserted with the value of this property.

When formulating the HTTP fault message to be transmitted, content encoding for a given Binding Fault component is determined as follows:^†

• If the {http content encoding} property has a non-empty value, then a Content-Encoding header-field MUST be inserted with the value of this property.

• If the {http content encoding default} property has a non-empty value, then a Content-Encoding header-field MUST be inserted with the value of this property.

The body of the response message is encoded using the specified content encoding.

• The HTTP header field name used is the value of the {name} property of the HTTP Header component.

• The HTTP header field value, whose XML Schema type is declared by the {type definition} property of the HTTP Header component, is serialized following the rules of the field-value production of section 4.2 of [IETF RFC 2616].

, otherwise it is OPTIONAL.

When formulating the HTTP Request, the HTTP Request IRI is an absolute IRI reference and is the value of the {http location} property of the Binding Operation component, resolved using the value of the {address} property of the Endpoint component (see section 5 of [IETF RFC 3986]).^† If the {http location} property is not set, the HTTP Request IRI is the value of the {address} property of the Endpoint component. Input serializations may define additional processing rules to be applied to the value of {http location} before applying the process of reference resolution, i.e. before combining it with the {address} property of the endpoint element to form the HTTP Request IRI. For example, the three serialization formats defined in section 6.8 Serialization Format of Instance Data define a syntax to use the {http location} as a template using elements of the instance data.

If the resulting IRI uses the https scheme, then HTTP over TLS [IETF RFC 2818] is used to send the HTTP request.

The HTTP Request IRI identifies the resource upon which to apply the request and is transmitted using the Request-URI, and optionally the Host header field, as defined in [IETF RFC 2616].

This binding extension specification provides a binding to HTTP of Interface Operation components whose {message exchange pattern} property has a value amongst:

• "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-only"

• "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/robust-in-only"

• "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-out"

This HTTP binding extension MAY be used with other message exchange patterns, such as outbound message exchange patterns, provided that additional semantics are defined, for example through an extension.

Each of the three supported message exchange patterns above involves one or two messages or faults being exchanged. The first one is transmitted using an HTTP request, and the second one is transmitted using the corresponding HTTP response.^† In cases where only one single message is being sent, the message body of the HTTP response MUST be empty.^†

For successful responses, the HTTP response code MUST be:

• 202 when the MEP is "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/in-only"^†

• 204 when the MEP is "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/robust-in-only"^†

For every Binding Operation component corresponding to such Interface Operation components, this binding extension specification allows the user to indicate the HTTP method to use, the input, output and fault serialization, and the location of the bound operation.

The HTTP binding extension adds the following properties to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {http location} OPTIONAL. An xs:anyURI, to the Binding Operation component. It MUST contain an IRI reference and MUST NOT include a fragment identifier component.^†

• {http method default} OPTIONAL. A xs:string, to the Binding component, indicating the default value for the HTTP Request Method for all the Interface Operation components of any Interface component to which this Binding is applied.

• {http method} OPTIONAL. A xs:string, to the Binding Operation component, indicating the value for the HTTP Request Method for this specific Binding Operation.

• {http input serialization} REQUIRED. A xs:string, to the Binding Operation component, indicating allowed serialization rules of the HTTP Request message for this specific operation, as described in section 6.5.3 Specification of serialization rules allowed.

• {http output serialization} REQUIRED. A xs:string, to the Binding Operation component, indicating allowed serialization rules of the HTTP Response message for this specific operation, as described in section 6.5.3 Specification of serialization rules allowed.

• {http fault serialization} REQUIRED. A xs:string, to the Binding Operation component, indicating allowed serialization rules of the HTTP Response message for this specific operation in case a fault is returned, as described in section 6.5.3 Specification of serialization rules allowed.

• {http query parameter separator default} REQUIRED. A xs:string, to the Binding component, indicating the default query parameter separator character for all the Interface Operation components of any Interface component to which this Binding is applied to.

• {http query parameter separator} OPTIONAL. A xs:string, to the Binding Operation component, indicating the query parameter separator character for this Binding Operation.

<description>
 <binding whttp:methodDefault="xs:string"?
          whttp:queryParameterSeparatorDefault="xs:string"? >
   <operation ref="xs:QName" 
              whttp:location="xs:anyURI"?
              whttp:method="xs:string"? 
              whttp:inputSerialization="xs:string"? 
              whttp:outputSerialization="xs:string"? 
              whttp:faultSerialization="xs:string"?
              whttp:queryParameterSeparator="xs:string"? >
  </operation>
 </binding>
</description>
          

The XML representation for binding an Operation are six attribute information items with the following Infoset properties:

• An OPTIONAL location attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of location

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:anyURI

• An OPTIONAL method attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of method

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string

• An OPTIONAL inputSerialization attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of inputSerialization

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string

• An OPTIONAL outputSerialization attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of outputSerialization

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string

• An OPTIONAL faultSerialization attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of faultSerialization

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string

• An OPTIONAL queryParameterSeparator attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of queryParameterSeparator

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string whose pattern facet is "[&;a-zA-Z0-9\-\._~!$'\(\):@/\?\*\+,]{1,1}", "&" and ";" being the most frequently used characters in practice.

The following attribute information items for the binding element information item are defined:

• An OPTIONAL methodDefault attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of methodDefault

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string

• An OPTIONAL queryParameterSeparatorDefault attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of queryParameterSeparatorDefault

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string whose length facet value is "1". The allowed characters are the same as for the {http query parameter separator} property above.

See Table 6-2.

HTTP allows the use of headers in messages. This binding extension allows users to declare the HTTP headers in use on a per message and on a per-fault basis.

An HTTP Header component describes an abstract piece of header data (HTTP header field) that is associated with the exchange of messages between the communicating parties. The presence of a HTTP Header component in a WSDL description indicates that the service support headers, and MAY require a client interacting with the service to use the described header field. Zero or one such header field may be used.

The properties of the HTTP Header component are as follows:

• {name} REQUIRED. An xs:string whose pattern facet is "[!#-'*+\-.0-9A-Z^-z|~]+", the name of the HTTP header field. The value of this property follows the field-name production rules as specified in section 4.2 of [IETF RFC 2616].

• {type definition} REQUIRED. A Type Definition component, in the {type definitions} property of the Description component, constraining the value of the HTTP header field.

• {required} REQUIRED. An xs:boolean indicating if the HTTP header field is required. If it is "false", then the HTTP header field MAY be included.

• {parent} REQUIRED. The Binding Fault or Binding Message Reference component that contains this component in its {http headers} property.

<description>
  <binding name="xs:NCName" type="http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http" >
    <fault ref="xs:QName">
      <whttp:header name="xs:string" type="xs:QName"
                    required="xs:boolean"? >
        <documentation />*
      </whttp:header>*
      ...
    </fault>*
    <operation ref="xs:QName" >
      <input messageLabel="xs:NCName"?>
        <whttp:header ... />*
        ...
      </input>*
      <output messageLabel="xs:NCName"?>
        <whttp:header ... />*
        ...
      </output>*
    </operation>*
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for a HTTP Header component is an element information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of header

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

• One or more attribute information items amongst its [attributes] as follows:

  • A REQUIRED name attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of name

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:string whose pattern facet is "[!#-'*+\-.0-9A-Z^-z|~]+".

  • A REQUIRED type attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of type

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:QName

  • An OPTIONAL required attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

    • A [local name] of required

    • A [namespace name] which has no value

    • A type of xs:boolean

  • Zero or more namespace qualified attribute information items. The [namespace name] of such attribute information items MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http".

• Zero or more element information item amongst its [children], in order, as follows:

  1. Zero or more documentation element information items as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language].

  2. Zero or more namespace-qualified element information items amongst its [children]. The [namespace name] of such element information items MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and MUST NOT be "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http".

See Table 6-3.

For every Interface Fault component contained in an Interface component, an HTTP error code MAY be defined. It represents the error code that will be used by the service in case the fault needs to be returned.

The fault definition SHOULD agree with the definition of the HTTP error codes, as specified in section 8 of [IETF RFC 3205].^†

The HTTP Fault binding extension adds the following property to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {http error status code} REQUIRED. A union of xs:int and xs:token where the allowed token value is "#any", to the Binding Fault component. An integer value of this property identifies the error Status-Code as defined by [IETF RFC 2616] that the service will use in case the fault is returned.^† If the value of this property is "#any", no claim is made by the service.

<description>
  <binding >
    <fault ref="xs:QName"
           whttp:code="union of xs:int, xs:token"? >
    </fault>*
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for binding an HTTP Fault is an attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• a code OPTIONAL attribute information item

  • A [local name] of code

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of union of xs:int and xs:token where the allowed token value is "#any"

See Table 6-4.

This section specifies three serialization formats defining rules to encode the instance data of an input or output message as an HTTP message. Table 6-5 and Table 6-6 give an overview of those serialization formats and their constraints. All of them allow serialization of parts of the instance data in the HTTP Request IRI, as defined in section 6.8.1 Serialization of the instance data in parts of the HTTP request IRI.

Other serialization formats may be defined. Those MAY place restrictions on the style of the Interface Operation bound.

This section defines templating rules for the {http location} property of the Binding Operation component. Templating is used by the serialization formats defined in section 6.8 Serialization Format of Instance Data, and MAY be reused by other serialization formats.

With this HTTP binding, part of the instance data for HTTP requests MAY be serialized in the HTTP request IRI, and another part MAY be serialized in the HTTP message body.

If the {style} property of the Interface Operation bound has a value of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/iri" as defined in 4.2 IRI Style, and if the {http location} property of the Binding Operation component is present, the value of the {http location} property component is used as a template^† which is combined with the {address} property of the endpoint element to form the full IRI to be used in an HTTP request, as specified in section 6.5.2 Relationship to WSDL Component Model.

The resulting IRI MUST be mapped to an URI for use in the HTTP Request as per section 3.1 "Mapping of IRIs to URIs" of the IRI specification [IETF RFC 3987].^† Additional rules for the serialization of the HTTP request IRI MAY be defined by a serialization format.

The {http location} property MAY cite local names of elements from the instance data of the message to be serialized in request IRI. Citing is performed:

• either by enclosing the element name within curly braces. For example, "temperature/{town}". See Example 6-1 for additional details;

• or by enclosing the element name within exclamated-curly braces, to include the element without percent-encoding. For example, "temperature/{!town}". Detailed rules follow.

The {http location} property MUST conform to the following EBNF [ISO/IEC 14977:1996] grammar, which represents the patterns for constructing the request IRI:^†

httpLocation ::= charData? (( openBrace | closeBrace | template ) charData?)*
charData ::= [^{}]*
openBrace ::= '{{'
closeBrace ::= '}}'
template ::= rawTemplate | encodedTemplate
rawTemplate ::= '{!' NCName '}'
encodedTemplate ::= '{' NCName '}'

The request IRI is constructed as follows (ALPHA and DIGIT below are defined as per [IETF RFC 4234]):

• The local name in a template SHOULD match at least one element from the instance data of the input message.^† When there is no match, the template is replaced by an empty string. Otherwise, the template consumes the first non-consumed matching element from the instance data. The next occurrence of the template consumes the next non-consumed matching element, and so on until all templates are processed. Matching elements are consumed in the order in which they appear in the instance data. Cited elements (i.e. elements referenced in templates) MUST NOT carry an xs:nil attribute whose value is "true"^†.

• Each raw template (rawTemplate production in the grammar above) is replaced by the possibly empty single value of the corresponding element from the instance data. No percent-encoding is performed.

• Each encoded template (encodedTemplate production in the grammar above) NOT preceded in the {http location} property by a "?" character is replaced by the possibly empty single value of the corresponding element from the instance data. Encoding is performed as follows:

  • The characters in the range: "&" | ";" | "!" | "$" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "*" | "+" | "," | "=" | ":" | "@" SHOULD be percent-encoded.

  • The other characters, EXCEPT the ones in the range: ALPHA | DIGIT | "-" | "." | "_" | "~", MUST be percent-encoded.

• Each encoded template (encodedTemplate production in the grammar above) preceded in the {http location} property by a "?" character is replaced by the possibly empty single value of the corresponding element from the instance data. Encoding is performed as follows:

  • The value of the {http query parameter separator} property, if present; otherwise the value of the {http query parameter separator default} property, MUST be percent-encoded.

  • The characters in the range: "&" | ";" | "!" | "$" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "*" | "+" | "," | "=" | ":" | "@" | "?" | "/" SHOULD be percent-encoded.

  • The other characters, EXCEPT the ones in the range: ALPHA | DIGIT | "-" | "." | "_" | "~", MUST be percent-encoded.

• Each uncited element (i.e. each element not referenced in a template) to be serialized, if any, is encoded as for an encoded template.

• Percent-encoding MUST be performed using the UTF-8 representation of the character as prescribed by section 6.4 of [IETF RFC 3987].

• Each double curly brace (openBrace or closeBrace production in the grammar above) is replaced by a single literal curly brace ("{" or "}" respectively). This provides a simple escaping mechanism.

Note that the mechanism described in this section could be used to indicate the entire absolute IRI, including the scheme, host, or port, for example:

{scheme}://{host}:{port}/temperature/{town}

or even:

This serialization format is designed to allow a client or Web service to produce an IRI based on the instance data of a message and serialize a query string in the HTTP message body as application/x-www-form-urlencoded.

If this format is used then the {style} property of Interface Operation component being bound MUST contain a value of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/iri" as defined in 4.2 IRI Style, i.e. this serialization format may only be used to serialize the HTTP request corresponding to the initial message of an interface operation.^†

For the HTTP binding defined in this section (6. WSDL HTTP Binding Extension), "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" MAY be used as a serialization format for an input message (HTTP Request), but MUST NOT be used as a serialization format for an output or fault message (HTTP Response).^†

If not all elements from the instance data are cited in the {http location} property, or if the property is not present on the Binding Operation component, then additional serialization rules apply.^†

The remainder of the instance data is formatted as a query string as defined in 6.8.2.2.1 Construction of the query string.

If the HTTP method used for the request does not allow a message body, then this query string is serialized as parameters in the request IRI (see 6.8.2.2.3 Serialization in the request IRI), otherwise it is serialized in the message body (see 6.8.2.2.4 Serialization in the message body).

For elements of the instance data not cited in the {http location} property, a query string is constructed as follows.^†

Non-nil elements with a possibly empty single value of the instance data not cited are serialized as query parameters in the order they appear in the instance data.

The instance data MUST NOT contain elements with an xs:nil attribute whose value is "true".^†

Each parameter pair is separated by the value of the {http query parameter separator} property, if present, or the value of the {http query parameter separator default} property.

• Uncited elements with single values (non-list) are serialized as a single name-value parameter pair. The name of the parameter is the local name of the uncited element, and the value of the parameter is the value of the uncited element.

• Uncited elements with list values are serialized as one name-value parameter pair per-list value. The name of each parameter is the local name of the uncited element, and the value of each parameter is the corresponding value in the list. The order of the list values is preserved.

• Replacement values falling outside the range (ALPHA and DIGIT below are defined as per [IETF RFC 4234]): ALPHA | DIGIT | "-" | "." | "_" | "~" | "!" | "$" | "&" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "*" | "+" | "," | ";" | "=" | ":" | "@", MUST be percent-encoded. Percent-encoding MUST be performed using the UTF-8 representation of the character as prescribed by section 6.4 of [IETF RFC 3987].

Example 6-1. Query string generation

The following instance data of an input message:

<data>
  <town>Fréjus</town>
  <date>2007-06-26</date>
  <unit>C</unit>
</data>

with the following value of the {http location} property:

and the following value of the {http query parameter separator default} property:

will produce the following query string:

This serialization format adds the following property to the Binding Operation component:

• {http location ignore uncited} REQUIRED. A xs:boolean. This boolean indicates whether elements not cited in the {http location} property MUST be appended to the request IRI or ignored. If the value of this property is "false", the rules defined in section 6.8.2.2.3 Serialization in the request IRI dictate how to serialize elements not cited in {http location} in the request IRI. Otherwise, those are NOT serialized in the request IRI.

When serializing an HTTP request that does not allow an HTTP message body, and when {http location ignore uncited} is "true", any element NOT cited in the {http location} property MUST be defined in the schema as nillable, or have a default value, or appear no less frequently than specified by the minOccurs value. The element declaration SHOULD NOT combine a default value with nillable.^†

The XML representation for this property is an attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• An OPTIONAL ignoreUncited attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of ignoreUncited

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:boolean

The mapping from the XML representation to component properties is as follows:

If the HTTP request method used does not allow HTTP message body (e.g. "GET" and "DELETE"), and if the value of the {http location ignore uncited} property is "false", then the following rules apply.^†

If the {http location} property is not present, or if it is present and its value does not contain a "?" (question mark) character, a "?" is appended to the request IRI. If it does already contain a question mark character, then the value of the {http query parameter separator} property, if present, or the value of the {http query parameter separator default} property otherwise, is appended.

Finally, the query string computed in 6.8.2.2.1 Construction of the query string is appended.

Example 6-2. Instance data serialized in an IRI

The instance data defined in Example 6-1 with the following operation declaration:

<operation ref='t:data'
    whttp:location='temperature/{town}'
    whttp:method='GET' />

and the following endpoint declaration:

<endpoint name='e' binding='t:b'
    address='http://ws.example.com/service1/' />

will serialize the message in the HTTP request as follows:

GET http://ws.example.com/service1/temperature/Fr%C3%A9jus?date=2007-06-26&unit=C HTTP/1.1
Host: ws.example.com

If the HTTP request method used does allow an HTTP message body (e.g. "POST" and "PUT"), then the following rules apply.^†

Finally, the query string computed in 6.8.2.2.1 Construction of the query string is used as the value of the HTTP message body.

The Content-Type HTTP header field must have the value application/x-www-form-urlencoded.^†

Example 6-3. Instance data serialized in the HTTP Request IRI and message body

The instance data defined in Example 6-1 with the following operation declaration:

<operation ref='t:data'
    whttp:inputSerialization='application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
    whttp:location='temperature/{town}'
    whttp:method='POST' />

and the following endpoint declaration:

<endpoint name='e' binding='t:b'
    address='http://ws.example.com/service1/' />

will serialize the message in the HTTP request as follow:

POST http://ws.example.com/service1/temperature/Fr%C3%A9jus HTTP/1.1
Host: ws.example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: …

date=2007-06-26&unit=C

In this serialization, for HTTP requests, the rules for constructing the HTTP request IRI defined in 6.8.1 Serialization of the instance data in parts of the HTTP request IRI apply if the {style} property of the Interface Operation bound has a value of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/iri" as defined in 4.2 IRI Style.

The instance data of the input, output or fault message is serialized as an XML document in the message body of the HTTP message, following the serialization defined in [Canonical XML]. Therefore, it is only suitable for HTTP requests using methods allowing message bodies (i.e., for the HTTP binding defined in this specification, input messages where the HTTP method selected has a body), and for HTTP responses (i.e. output and fault messages for the HTTP binding defined in this specification).

The Content-Type HTTP header MUST have the value application/xml [IETF RFC 3023], or a media type compatible with application/xml as specified in section 6.4.3.1 Serialization rules for XML messages.^† Other HTTP headers MAY be used.

In this serialization, for HTTP requests, the rules for constructing the HTTP request IRI defined in 6.8.1 Serialization of the instance data in parts of the HTTP request IRI apply if the {style} property of the Interface Operation bound has a value of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/iri" as defined in 4.2 IRI Style.

This format is for legacy compatibility to permit the use of XForms clients with [IETF RFC 2388] servers. This serialization format may only be used when binding Interface Operation components whose {style} property has a value of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/style/multipart" as defined in 4.3 Multipart style, i.e. this serialization format may only be used to serialize the HTTP request corresponding to the initial message of an interface operation.^†

Specifically, for the HTTP binding defined in this section (6. WSDL HTTP Binding Extension), "multipart/form-data" MAY be used as a serialization format for an input message (HTTP Request), but MUST NOT be used as a serialization format for an output or fault message (HTTP Response).^† This format serializes the instance data in the HTTP message body, making it only suitable for HTTP requests using methods allowing message bodies.

Each element in the sequence is serialized into a part as follow:

1. The Content-Disposition header MUST have the value form-data, and its name parameter is the local name of the element.^†

2. The Content-Type header MUST have the value:^†

   • application/xml (or a media type compatible with application/xml) if the element has a complex type;

   • application/octet-stream if the element is of type xs:base64Binary, xs:hexBinary, or a derived type;

   • text/plain if the element has a simple type; The charset MUST be set appropriately. UTF-8 or UTF-16 MUST be at least supported.

3. If the type is xs:base64Binary, xs:hexBinary, xs:anySimpleType or a derived type, the content of the part is the content of the element. If the type is a complex type, the element is serialized following the rules defined in the 6.8.3 Serialization as application/xml .

The instance data MUST NOT contain elements with an xs:nil attribute whose value is "true".^†

Example 6-4. Example of multipart/form-data

The following instance data of an input message:

<data>
  <town>
    <name>Fréjus</name>
    <country>France</country>
  </town>
  <date>2007-06-26</date>
</data>

with the following operation element:

<operation ref='t:data'
    whttp:location='temperature'
    whttp:method='POST'
    whttp:inputSerialization='multipart/form-data'/>

will serialize the message as follow:

Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=AaB03x
Content-Length: xxx
        
--AaB03x
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="town"
Content-Type: application/xml

<town>
  <name>Fréjus</name>
  <country>France</country>
</town>
--AaB03x
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="date"
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

2007-06-26
--AaB03x--

Every Binding Message Reference and Binding Fault component MAY indicate which content encodings, as defined in section 3.5 of [IETF RFC 2616], are available for this particular message.

The HTTP binding extension provides a mechanism for indicating a default value at the Binding component and Binding Operation levels.

If no value is specified, no claim is being made.

<description>
  <binding name="xs:NCName" interface="xs:QName"? type="xs:anyURI"
           whttp:contentEncodingDefault="xs:string"? >

    <fault ref="xs:QName"
           whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"? >
    </fault>*

    <operation location="xs:anyURI"?
               whttp:contentEncodingDefault="xs:string"? >
      <input messageLabel="xs:NCName"? 
             whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"? />

      <output messageLabel="xs:NCName"?
              whttp:contentEncoding="xs:string"? />

    </operation>
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for specifying the content encoding is an OPTIONAL attribute information item for the input, output, and fault element information items with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of contentEncoding

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

• A type of xs:string

The XML representation for specifying the default content encoding is an OPTIONAL attribute information item for the binding element information item or binding's child operation element information items with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of contentEncodingDefault

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

• A type of xs:string

See Table 6-8.

The {http cookies} property allows Binding components to indicate that HTTP cookies (as defined by [IETF RFC 2965]) are used by specific operations of the interface that this binding applies to.

The HTTP binding extension specification adds the following property to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {http cookies} REQUIRED. A xs:boolean to the Binding component.

<description>
  <binding name="xs:NCName" interface="xs:QName"? type="xs:anyURI"
           whttp:cookies="xs:boolean"? >
  </binding>
</description>

The XML representation for specifying the use of HTTP cookies is an OPTIONAL attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

• A [local name] of cookies

• A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

• A type of xs:boolean

See Table 6-9.

Every Endpoint component MAY indicate the use of an HTTP access authentication mechanism (as defined by [IETF RFC 2616]) for the endpoint described.

This binding extension specification allows the authentication scheme and realm to be specified.

The HTTP binding extension specification adds the following property to the WSDL component model (as defined in [WSDL 2.0 Core Language]):

• {http authentication scheme} OPTIONAL. A xs:token with one of the values "basic" or "digest", to the Endpoint component, corresponding to the HTTP authentication scheme used. When present, this property indicates the authentication scheme in use: "basic" indicates the Basic Access Authentication scheme defined in [IETF RFC 2617], and "digest" indicates the Digest Access Authentication scheme as defined in [IETF RFC 2617].

• {http authentication realm} OPTIONAL. A xs:string to the Endpoint component. It corresponds to the realm authentication parameter defined in [IETF RFC 2617]. If the {http authentication scheme} property is present, then this property MUST be present.^†

<description>
  <service>
    <endpoint name="xs:NCName" binding="xs:QName" address="xs:anyURI"? >
              whttp:authenticationScheme="xs:token"? 
              whttp:authenticationRealm="xs:string"? />
    </endpoint>
  </service>
</description>

The XML representation for specifying the use of HTTP access authentication is two OPTIONAL attribute information items with the following Infoset properties:

• An OPTIONAL authenticationScheme attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of authenticationScheme

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:token where the allowed token values are "basic" and "digest".

• An OPTIONAL authenticationRealm attribute information item with the following Infoset properties:

  • A [local name] of authenticationRealm

  • A [namespace name] of "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http"

  • A type of xs:string

See Table 6-10.

An element information item, whose namespace name is "http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl" and whose local part is description, conforms to this binding extension specification if: the element information items and attribute information items, whose namespace is http://www.w3.org/ns/wsdl/http, conform to the XML Schema for that element or attribute, as defined by this specification and, additionally, adheres to all the constraints contained in this specification.

[ISO/IEC 14977:1996]

Extended BNF, IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission), Dec 1996. Available at http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2489/Ittf_Home/PubliclyAvailableStandards.htm.

[IETF RFC 2119]

Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels, S. Bradner, Author. Internet Engineering Task Force, March 1997. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt.

[IETF RFC 2388]

Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data, L. Masinter, Author. Internet Engineering Task Force, August 1998. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2388.txt.

[IETF RFC 2616]

Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1, R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L. Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee, Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, June 1999. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt.

[IETF RFC 2617]

HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication, J. Franks, P. Hallam-Baker, J. Hostetler, S. Lawrence, P. Leach, A. Luotonen, L. Stewart, June 1999. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt.

[IETF RFC 2818]

HTTP Over TLS, E. Rescorla, Author. Internet Engineering Task Force, May 2000. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2818.txt.

[IETF RFC 2965]

HTTP State Management Mechanism, D. Kristol, L. Montulli Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, October 2000. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965.txt.

[IETF RFC 3023]

XML Media Types, M. Murata, S. St. Laurent, D. Kohn, Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, January 2001. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt.

[IETF RFC 3205]

On the use of HTTP as a Substrate, K. Moore, Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, February 2002. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3205.txt.

[IETF RFC 3986]

Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter, Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, January 2005. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt.

[IETF RFC 3987]

Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs), M. Duerst, M. Suignard, Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, January 2005. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt.

[IETF RFC 4234]

Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF, D. Crocker, P. Overell, Authors. Internet Engineering Task Force, October 2005. Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4234.txt.

[Web Architecture]

Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One, I. Jacobs, and N. Walsh, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 15 December 2004. This version of the "Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One" Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-webarch-20041215/. The latest version of "Architecture of the World Wide Web, Volume One" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/webarch/.

[Web Services Architecture]

Web Services Architecture, David Booth, Hugo Haas, Francis McCabe, Eric Newcomer, Michael Champion, Chris Ferris, David Orchard, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 11 February 2004. This version of the "Web Services Architecture" Working Group Note is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/NOTE-ws-arch-20040211/. The latest version of "Web Services Architecture" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/.

[WSDL 2.0 Core Language]

Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 1: Core Language, R. Chinnici, J-J. Moreau, A. Ryman, S. Weerawarana, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 26 June 2007. This version of the "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 1: Core Language" Recommendation is available is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-wsdl20-20070626. The latest version of "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 1: Core Language" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl20.

[SOAP 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework (Second Edition)]

SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework (Second Edition), M. Gudgin, et al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 24 June 2003, revised 27 April 2007. This version of the "SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework (Second Edition)" Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-soap12-part1-20070427/. The latest version of "SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/.

[SOAP 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts (Second Edition)]

SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts (Second Edition), M. Gudgin, et al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 24 June 2006, revised 27 April 2007. This version of the "SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts (Second Edition)" Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-soap12-part2-20070427/. The latest version of "SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part2/.

[XML 1.0]

Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fourth Edition), T. Bray, J. Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, and F. Yergeau, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 10 February 1998, revised 16 August 2006. This version of the XML 1.0 Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/. The latest version of "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml.

[Canonical XML]

Canonical XML, J. Boyer, Author. World Wide Web Consortium, 15 March 2001. This version of the Canonical XML Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315. The latest version of Canonical XML is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n.

[XML Information Set]

XML Information Set (Second Edition), J. Cowan and R. Tobin, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 24 October 2001, revised 4 February 2004. This version of the XML Information Set Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204. The latest version of XML Information Set is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-infoset.

[XML Schema Structures]

XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition, H. Thompson, D. Beech, M. Maloney, and N. Mendelsohn, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 2 May 2001, revised 28 October 2004. This version of the XML Schema Part 1 Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-1-20041028. The latest version of XML Schema Part 1 is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1.

[XML Schema Datatypes]

XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition, P. Byron and A. Malhotra, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 2 May 2001, revised 28 October 2004. This version of the XML Schema Part 2 Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028. The latest version of XML Schema Part 2 is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2.

[XForms 1.0]

XForms 1.0 (Second Edition), J. Boyer, et al., Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 14 October 2003, revised 14 March 2006. This version of the XForms 1.0 Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xforms-20060314/. The latest version of XForms 1.0 is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xforms/.

[WSA 1.0 Core]

Web Services Addressing 1.0 - Core, M. Gudgin, M. Hadley, T. Rogers, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 9 May 2006. This version of Web Services Addressing 1.0 - Core Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-ws-addr-core-20060509/. The latest version of the "Web Services Addressing 1.0 - Core" document is available from http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-addr-core.

[WSDL 2.0 Primer]

Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 0: Primer , D.Booth, C.K. Liu , Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 26 June 2007. This version of the "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 0: Primer" Recommendation is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-wsdl20-primer-20070626. The latest version of "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0 Part 0: Primer" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl20-primer.

[WSDL 2.0 Additional MEPs]

Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0: Additional MEPs, A. Lewis, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 26 June 2007. This version of the "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0: Additional MEPs" Working Group Note is available is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/NOTE-wsdl20-additional-meps-20070626. The latest version of "Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Version 2.0: Additional MEPs" is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl20-additional-meps.

[SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism]

SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism, N. Mendelsohn, M. Nottingham, and H. Ruellan, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, W3C Recommendation, 25 January 2005. This version of SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism is http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-soap12-mtom-20050125/. The latest version of the "SOAP Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism" document is available from http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-mtom/.

[XPointer]

XPointer Framework,Paul Grosso, Eve Maler, Jonathan Marsh, Norman Walsh, Editors. World Wide Web Consortium, 25 March 2003. This version of the XPointer Framework Proposed Recommendation is http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-xptr-framework-20030325/ The latest version of XPointer Framework is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/xptr-framework/.

This document is the work of the W3C Web Service Description Working Group.

Members of the Working Group are (at the time of writing, and by alphabetical order): Charlton Barreto (Adobe Systems, Inc), Allen Brookes (Rogue Wave Softwave), Dave Chappell (Sonic Software), Helen Chen (Agfa-Gevaert N. V.), Roberto Chinnici (Sun Microsystems), Kendall Clark (University of Maryland), Glen Daniels (Sonic Software), Paul Downey (British Telecommunications), Youenn Fablet (Canon), Ram Jeyaraman (Microsoft), Tom Jordahl (Adobe Systems), Anish Karmarkar (Oracle Corporation), Jacek Kopecky (DERI Innsbruck at the Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Austria), Amelia Lewis (TIBCO Software, Inc.), Philippe Le Hegaret (W3C), Michael Liddy (Education.au Ltd.), Kevin Canyang Liu (SAP AG), Jonathan Marsh (WSO2), Monica Martin (Sun Microsystems), Josephine Micallef (SAIC - Telcordia Technologies), Jeff Mischkinsky (Oracle Corporation), Dale Moberg (Cyclone Commerce), Jean-Jacques Moreau (Canon), David Orchard (BEA Systems, Inc.), Gilbert Pilz (BEA Systems, Inc.), Tony Rogers (Computer Associates), Arthur Ryman (IBM), Adi Sakala (IONA Technologies), Michael Shepherd (Xerox), Asir Vedamuthu (Microsoft Corporation), Sanjiva Weerawarana (WSO2), Ümit Yalçınalp (SAP AG), Peter Zehler (Xerox).

Previous members were: Eran Chinthaka (WSO2), Mark Nottingham (BEA Systems, Inc.), Hugo Haas (W3C), Vivek Pandey (Sun Microsystems), Bijan Parsia (University of Maryland), Lily Liu (webMethods, Inc.), Don Wright (Lexmark), Joyce Yang (Oracle Corporation), Daniel Schutzer (Citigroup), Dave Solo (Citigroup), Stefano Pogliani (Sun Microsystems), William Stumbo (Xerox), Stephen White (SeeBeyond), Barbara Zengler (DaimlerChrysler Research and Technology), Tim Finin (University of Maryland), Laurent De Teneuille (L'Echangeur), Johan Pauhlsson (L'Echangeur), Mark Jones (AT&T), Steve Lind (AT&T), Sandra Swearingen (U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Air Force), Philippe Le Hégaret (W3C), Jim Hendler (University of Maryland), Dietmar Gaertner (Software AG), Michael Champion (Software AG), Don Mullen (TIBCO Software, Inc.), Steve Graham (Global Grid Forum), Steve Tuecke (Global Grid Forum), Michael Mahan (Nokia), Bryan Thompson (Hicks & Associates), Ingo Melzer (DaimlerChrysler Research and Technology), Sandeep Kumar (Cisco Systems), Alan Davies (SeeBeyond), Jacek Kopecky (Systinet), Mike Ballantyne (Electronic Data Systems), Mike Davoren (W. W. Grainger), Dan Kulp (IONA Technologies), Mike McHugh (W. W. Grainger), Michael Mealling (Verisign), Waqar Sadiq (Electronic Data Systems), Yaron Goland (BEA Systems, Inc.), Ümit Yalçınalp (Oracle Corporation), Peter Madziak (Agfa-Gevaert N. V.), Jeffrey Schlimmer (Microsoft Corporation), Hao He (The Thomson Corporation), Erik Ackerman (Lexmark), Jerry Thrasher (Lexmark), Prasad Yendluri (webMethods, Inc.), William Vambenepe (Hewlett-Packard Company), David Booth (W3C), Sanjiva Weerawarana (IBM), Asir Vedamuthu (webMethods, Inc.), Igor Sedukhin (Computer Associates), Martin Gudgin (Microsoft Corporation), Rebecca Bergersen (IONA Technologies), Ugo Corda (SeeBeyond).

The people who have contributed to discussions on www-ws-desc@w3.org are also gratefully acknowledged.

Table B-1 lists all the components in the WSDL 2.0 Adjuncts abstract Component Model, and all their properties.

This appendix summarizes assertions about WSDL 2.0 documents and components that are not enforced by the WSDL 2.0 schema. Each assertion is assigned a unique identifier which WSDL 2.0 processors may use to report errors.

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