The Python calendar.monthcalendar() function is used to generate a matrix representation of a month's calendar.
This function returns a list of weeks, where each week is a list of integers representing days. Days outside the month are represented by zeros.
SyntaxFollowing is the syntax of the Python calendar.monthcalendar() function −
calendar.monthcalendar(year, month)Parameters
This function accepts the following parameters −
This function returns a list of weeks, where each week is a list of 7 integers. Days that belong to the month are represented by their respective date numbers, and days outside the month are represented by 0.
Example: Getting Month Calendar as a MatrixIn this example, we generate a matrix for March 2025 using the Python calendar.monthcalendar() function −
import calendar # Generate March 2025 matrix month_matrix = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, 3) print(month_matrix)
Following is the output obtained −
[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16], [17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23], [24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30], [31, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]Example: Iterating Over the Calendar Matrix
We can iterate over the matrix to display the month in a readable format as shown in the example below −
import calendar # Generate March 2025 matrix month_matrix = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, 3) for week in month_matrix: print(week)
Following is the output of the above code −
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2] [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16] [17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23] [24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30] [31, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]Example: Checking if a Specific Day is in a Week
We can check if a specific date is in a given week using this function −
import calendar # Generate March 2025 matrix month_matrix = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, 3) # Check if 15th is in a particular week for week in month_matrix: if 15 in week: print("15th March is in this week:", week)
We get the output as shown below −
15th March is in this week: [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]Example: Counting Number of Weeks in a Month
We can determine how many weeks exist in a given month using the calendar.monthcalendar() function −
import calendar # Generate March 2025 matrix month_matrix = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, 3) # Count the number of weeks num_weeks = len(month_matrix) print("Number of weeks in March 2025:", num_weeks)
The result produced is as follows −
Number of weeks in March 2025: 6
python_date_time.htm
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