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Python int() Function

The Python int() function is used to convert a given value into an integer. It can convert various types of data, such as numeric strings or floating-point numbers, into integers.

If the given value is a floating-point number, the int() function truncates the decimal part, returning the whole number. Additionally, it can be used with a second argument to specify the base for converting numbers from binary, octal, or hexadecimal representations to decimal integers.

Following is the syntax of Python int() function −

int(x [,base])

This function takes two parameters as shown below −

• x − It represents the value that you want to convert to an integer.

• base (optional) − It specifies the base of the given number; default is 10, and it takes "x" as a string in that base for conversion.

This function returns an integer object.

Following is an example of the Python int() function. Here, we are converting the string "123" to an integer −

string_num = "123"
integer_num = int(string_num)
print('The integer value obtained is:',integer_num)

Following is the output of the above code −

The integer value obtained is: 123

Here, we are converting the floating-point number "7.8" to an integer using the int() function −

float_num = 7.8
int_num = int(float_num)
print('The corresponding integer value obtained is:',int_num)

We can see in the output below that the decimal part is truncated −

The corresponding integer value obtained is: 7

If you pass a string containing non-numeric characters to the int() function, it will raise a ValueError.

Here, we are converting the string "42 apples" into an integer −

# Example with Error
mixed_string = "42 apples"
number_part = int(mixed_string)
print(number_part)

We can see in the output below that an issue arises because the string contains non-numeric characters (' apples'), causing a ValueError during the conversion −

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\Desktop\untitled.py", line 3, in <module>
    number_part = int(mixed_string)
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '42 apples'

Now, we handle a string containing both numeric and non-numeric characters.

First, we extract only the numeric characters from the "mixed_string." We create the "numeric_part" variable using a list comprehension that filters out non-numeric characters, resulting in a string with only digits "42". Finally, we use the int() function to convert this string into an integer −

# Example without Error
mixed_string = "42 apples"
numeric_part = ''.join(char for char in mixed_string if char.isdigit())
number_part = int(numeric_part)
print('The integer value obtained is:',number_part)

The result produced is as follows −

The integer value obtained is: 42

python_type_casting.htm

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