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Python - Nested if Statement

Python supports nested if statements which means we can use a conditional if and if...else statement inside an existing if statement.

There may be a situation when you want to check for additional conditions after the initial one resolves to true. In such a situation, you can use the nested if construct.

Additionally, within a nested if construct, you can include an if...elif...else construct inside another if...elif...else construct.

The syntax of the nested if construct with else condition will be like this −

if boolean_expression1:
   statement(s)
   if boolean_expression2:
      statement(s)

Following is the flowchart of Python nested if statement −

The below example shows the working of nested if statements −

num = 36
print ("num = ", num)
if num % 2 == 0:
   if num % 3 == 0:
      print ("Divisible by 3 and 2")
print("....execution ends....")

When you run the above code, it will display the following result −

num =  36
Divisible by 3 and 2
....execution ends....

As mentioned earlier, we can nest if-else statement within an if statement. If the if condition is true, the first if-else statement will be executed otherwise, statements inside the else block will be executed.

The syntax of the nested if construct with else condition will be like this −

if expression1:
   statement(s)
   if expression2:
      statement(s)
   else
      statement(s)
else:
   if expression3:
      statement(s)
   else:
      statement(s)

Now let's take a Python code to understand how it works −

num=8
print ("num = ",num)
if num%2==0:
   if num%3==0:
      print ("Divisible by 3 and 2")
   else:
      print ("divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")
else:
   if num%3==0:
      print ("divisible by 3 not divisible by 2")
   else:
      print ("not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")

When the above code is executed, it produces the following output −

num = 8
divisible by 2 not divisible by 3
num = 15
divisible by 3 not divisible by 2
num = 12
Divisible by 3 and 2
num = 5
not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3

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