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C++ ios::Uppercase() Function

The C++ std::ios::uppercase() function is used to modify the behaviour of stream output operations. When it is invoked, it makes the characters to be displayed in uppercase. This manipulator is used with the output streams to ensure that the numeric values are printed in uppercase hexadecimal format, and for other characters where uppercase representation is desired.

Following is the syntax for std::ios::uppercase() function.

ios_base& uppercase (ios_base& str);

• str − It indicates the stream object whose format flag is affected.

This function returns the Argument str.

If an exception is thrown, str is in a valid state.

It modifies str. Concurrent access to the same stream object may cause data races.

In the following example, we are going to consider the basic usage of the uppercase() function with hexadecimal format.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
int main()
{
    int x = 1234;
    std::cout << "Result :  " << std::hex << std::uppercase << x << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

Output of the above code is as follows −

Result :  4D2

Consider the following example, where we are going to use the uppercase() function along with the showbase().

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
int main()
{
    int x = 1234;
    std::cout << std::hex << std::uppercase << std::showbase;
    std::cout << "Result : " << x << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

Following is the output of the above code −

Result : 0X4D2

Let's look at the following example, where we are going to use the uppercase() in a function.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
void a(int num)
{
    std::cout << std::hex << std::uppercase << num << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
    a(2234);
    a(2232);
    return 0;
}

If we run the above code it will generate the following output −

8BA
8B8

ios.htm

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