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Showing content from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cpp_standard_library/cpp_sin.htm below:

C++ sin Function

The sin value of each element in the valarray is determined using the sin() function of the valarray class. This method calculates the sine value and returns a new valarray with the calculated sine value as its result.

Sine is a trigonometric function that mathematically describes the angle of a right-angled triangle. The ratio of the hypotenuses to the opposite side's length gives its value. This function overloads cmath's sin() function, one for each element.

Following is the syntax for C++ Valarray::sin() Function −

sin (const valarray<T>& x);

x − It contains elements of a type for which the unary function sin is defined.

Let's look into the following example, where we are going to use sin() function and retrieving the output.

#include <iostream>
#include <valarray>
using namespace std;

int main() {
   valarray<double>
   varr = { 1,0.23,3,0.45,5 };
   valarray<double> valarray1;
   valarray1 = sin(varr);
   cout << "The New sin"
      << " Valarray is : "
      << endl;
   for (double& x : valarray1) {
      cout << x << " ";
   }
   cout << endl;
   return 0;
}

when we compile and run the above program, this will produce the following result −

The New sin Valarray is : 
0.841471 0.227978 0.14112 0.434966 -0.958924

Considering the following example, where we are going to use sin() function and retrieving output of both original valarray and sin valarray.

#include <iostream>
#include <valarray>
using namespace std;

int main() {
   valarray<double> myvalarray = {0.23,-3,-0.6,1.23,4.5 };
   cout << "The Original Valarray is : ";
   
   for (double& ele : myvalarray)
      cout << ele << " ";
   valarray<double> sinValarray;
   sinValarray = sin(myvalarray);
   cout << "\nThe sin Valarray is : ";
   
   for (double& ele : sinValarray)
      cout << ele << " ";
   return 0;
}

Let us compile and run the above program, this will produce the following result −

The Original Valarray is : 0.23 -3 -0.6 1.23 4.5 
The sin Valarray is : 0.227978 -0.14112 -0.564642 0.942489 -0.97753  

In the following example, we are going to use sin() function with integral type and retrieving the output.

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main() {
   int a = 3;
   double result;
   result = sin(a);
   cout << "sin(a) = " << result << endl;
   return 0;
}

On running the above program, it will generate the output as shown below −

sin(a) = 0.14112

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