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Showing content from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cpp_standard_library/cpp_ostream_flush.htm below:

C++ Ostream::flush() function

The C++ std::ostream::flush() function is used to clear the output buffer of an output stream, ensuring that all the data is written to the intended destination immediately. This function can be invoked using the flush manipulator, like std::cout <<std::flush;.

Flushing can also automatically when the stream is closed, when the buffer is full, or at specific points defined by the system.

Following is the syntax for std::ostream::flush() function.

ostream& flush();

It does not accepts any parameter.

It returns the ostream object (*this).

If an exception is thrown, the object is in a valid state.

Modifies the stream object.

In the following example, we are going to consider the basic usage of the flush() function.

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    std::cout << "Hi" << std::flush;
    return 0;
}

Output of the above code is as follows −

Hi

Consider the following example, where we are going to perform flushing after each character.

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    for (char x = 'C'; x <= 'G'; ++x) {
        std::cout << x << std::flush;
    }
    return 0;
}

Following is the output of the above code −

CDEFG

Let's look at the following example, where std::cout is flushed after the prompt "Enter your name:".

#include <iostream>
int main()
{
    std::cout << "Enter Name : " << std::flush;
    std::string a;
    std::cin >> a;
    std::cout << "Welcome, " << a << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

If we run the above code it will generate the following output −

Enter Name : Mr.X
Welcome, Mr.X

ostream.htm

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