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C++ IOS::exceptions() function

C++ IOS::exceptions() function

The C++ std::ios::exceptions() function is used to manage the state flags of input/output stream objects and determine which of these flags will trigger exceptions. By calling this function, a stream can be set to throw exceptions for specific error states such as failbit, badbit or EOF.

This mask is an object of member type iostate, which is a value formed by any combination of the following member constants −

value

(member constants)

indicates functions to check state flags good() eof() fail() bad() rdstate() goodbit No errors (zero value iostate) true false false false goodbit eofbit End-of-File reached on input operation false true false false eofbit failbit Logical error on i/o operation false false true false failbit badbit Read/writing error on i/o operation false false true true badbit Syntax

Following is the syntax for std::ios::exceptions() function.

iostate exceptions() const;
void exceptions (iostate except);
Parameters Return Value

It returns a bitmask of member type iostate representing the existing exception mask before the call to this member function.

Exceptions

If an exception is thrown, the stream is in a valid state.

Data races

Accesses or modifies the stream object.

Concurrent access to the same stream object may cause data races.

Example

In the following example, we are going to consider the basic usage of the exceptions() function.

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
int main()
{
    std::istringstream a("11 CIAZ");
    int x;
    try {
        a.exceptions(std::ios::failbit);
        a >> x;
        std::cout << "Number read: " << x << std::endl;
        a >> x;
    } catch (const std::ios_base::failure& e) {
        std::cerr << " " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
Output

Output of the above code is as follows −

Number read: 11
basic_ios::clear: iostream error
Example

Consider the following example, where we are going to set the badbit manually to simulates a bad write operation.

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
int main()
{
    std::ostringstream a;
    a.exceptions(std::ostringstream::badbit);
    try {
        a << "TutorialsPoint, TP!";
        a.setstate(std::ios_base::badbit);
        a << "Welcome";
    } catch (const std::ios_base::failure& e) {
        std::cerr << " " << e.what() << '\n';
    }
    return 0;
}
Output

Following is the output of the above code −

basic_ios::clear: iostream error

ios.htm

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