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Showing content from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cpp_standard_library/cpp_complex_arg.htm below:

C++ Complex::arg() function

The C++ std::complex::arg() function is used to return the phase angle of a complex number, returning it as a value in radians. It represents the angle between the positive real axis and the line formed by the origin and the complex number in the complex plane.

The result is expressed in radians and ranges from -22/7(-pi) to +22/7(+pi).

Following is the syntax for std::complex::arg() function.

arg (const complex<T>& x);	
double arg (ArithmeticType x);

• x − It indicates the complex value.

It returns the phase angle of the complex number x.

none

In the following example, we are going to consider the basic usage of the arg() function.

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>
int main() {
   std::complex < double > x(1.0, 1.2);
   std::cout << "Result : " << std::arg(x) << " radians" << std::endl;
   return 0;
}

If we run the above code it will generate the following output −

Result : 0.876058 radians

Consider the following example, where we are going to take argument of negative complex number.

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>
int main() {
   std::complex < double > a(-2.1, -1.2);
   std::cout << "Result : " << std::arg(a) << " radians" << std::endl;
   return 0;
}

Following is the output of the above code −

Result : -2.62245 radians

Let's look at the following example, where we are going to consider the argument of real complex part.

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>
int main() {
   std::complex < double > a(3.0, 0.0);
   std::cout << "Result : " << std::arg(a) << " radians" << std::endl;
   return 0;
}

Output of the above code is as follows −

Result : 0 radians

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