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Showing content from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/c_function_printf.htm below:

C printf Function

The C library printf() function is a fundamental tool for outputting formatted text to the standard output stream. It allows for versatile printing of variables, strings, and other data types.

Following is the C library syntax of the printf() function −

int printf(const char *format, ...)

Following is the list of parameters −

• format : A string that may contain format specifiers like %d, %s, etc., which control the formatting of subsequent arguments.
• ... : A variable number of arguments to be formatted and printed according to the format string.

Returns the number of characters printed (excluding the null byte used to end the output to strings) if successful.On error, it returns a negative value.

Here, printf() prints an integer and a string using format specifiers %d and %s respectively.

Below is the illustration of the C library printf() function.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
   int num = 10;
   char str[] = "Hello";
   
   printf("Integer: %d, String: %s\n", num, str);
   
   return 0;
}

The above code produces following result −

Integer: 10, String: Hello

Here, the printf() prints an octal number (octal_num) using %o format specifier and a hexadecimal number (hex_num) using %X format specifier.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
   // Octal representation of 61
   int octal_num = 075; 

   // Hexadecimal representation of 31
   int hex_num = 0x1F; 
   
   printf("Octal: %o, Hexadecimal: %X\n", octal_num, hex_num);
   
   return 0;
}

After execution of above code, we get the following result

Octal: 75, Hexadecimal: 1F

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