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Showing content from https://www.tanstack.com/query/v4/docs/react/guides/background-fetching-indicators below:

Background Fetching Indicators | TanStack Query React Docs

A query's status === 'loading' state is sufficient enough to show the initial hard-loading state for a query, but sometimes you may want to display an additional indicator that a query is refetching in the background. To do this, queries also supply you with an isFetching boolean that you can use to show that it's in a fetching state, regardless of the state of the status variable:

function Todos() {
  const {
    status,
    data: todos,
    error,
    isFetching,
  } = useQuery({
    queryKey: ['todos'],
    queryFn: fetchTodos,
  })

  return status === 'loading' ? (
    <span>Loading...</span>
  ) : status === 'error' ? (
    <span>Error: {error.message}</span>
  ) : (
    <>
      {isFetching ? <div>Refreshing...</div> : null}

      <div>
        {todos.map((todo) => (
          <Todo todo={todo} />
        ))}
      </div>
    </>
  )
}

function Todos() {
  const {
    status,
    data: todos,
    error,
    isFetching,
  } = useQuery({
    queryKey: ['todos'],
    queryFn: fetchTodos,
  })

  return status === 'loading' ? (
    <span>Loading...</span>
  ) : status === 'error' ? (
    <span>Error: {error.message}</span>
  ) : (
    <>
      {isFetching ? <div>Refreshing...</div> : null}

      <div>
        {todos.map((todo) => (
          <Todo todo={todo} />
        ))}
      </div>
    </>
  )
}

In addition to individual query loading states, if you would like to show a global loading indicator when any queries are fetching (including in the background), you can use the useIsFetching hook:

import { useIsFetching } from '@tanstack/react-query'

function GlobalLoadingIndicator() {
  const isFetching = useIsFetching()

  return isFetching ? (
    <div>Queries are fetching in the background...</div>
  ) : null
}

import { useIsFetching } from '@tanstack/react-query'

function GlobalLoadingIndicator() {
  const isFetching = useIsFetching()

  return isFetching ? (
    <div>Queries are fetching in the background...</div>
  ) : null
}

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