(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
array_push — Push one or more elements onto the end of array
Description<?php
$array[] = $var;
?>
repeated for each passed value.
Note: If you use array_push() to add one element to the array, it's better to use
$array[] =because in that way there is no overhead of calling a function.
ParametersNote: array_push() will raise a warning if the first argument is not an array. This differed from the
$var[]behaviour where a new array was created, prior to PHP 7.1.0.
array
The input array.
values
The values to push onto the end of the array.
Returns the new number of elements in the array.
Changelog Version Description 7.3.0 This function can now be called with only one parameter. Formerly, at least two parameters have been required. ExamplesExample #1 array_push() example
<?php
$stack = array("orange", "banana");
array_push($stack, "apple", "raspberry");
print_r($stack);
?>
The above example will output:
Array
(
[0] => orange
[1] => banana
[2] => apple
[3] => raspberry
) See Also
13 years ago
If you're going to use array_push() to insert a "$key" => "$value" pair into an array, it can be done using the following:
$data[$key] = $value;
It is not necessary to use array_push.
bxi at apparoat dot nl ¶
17 years ago
I've done a small comparison between array_push() and the $array[] method and the $array[] seems to be a lot faster.
<?php
$array = array();
for ($x = 1; $x <= 100000; $x++)
{
$array[] = $x;
}
?>
takes 0.0622200965881 seconds
and
<?php
$array = array();
for ($x = 1; $x <= 100000; $x++)
{
array_push($array, $x);
}
?>
takes 1.63195490837 seconds
so if your not making use of the return value of array_push() its better to use the $array[] way.
Hope this helps someone.
mrgreen dot webpost at gmail dot com ¶
9 years ago
Rodrigo de Aquino asserted that instead of using array_push to append to an associative array you can instead just do...
$data[$key] = $value;
...but this is actually not true. Unlike array_push and even...
$data[] = $value;
...Rodrigo's suggestion is NOT guaranteed to append the new element to the END of the array. For instance...
$data['one'] = 1;
$data['two'] = 2;
$data['three'] = 3;
$data['four'] = 4;
...might very well result in an array that looks like this...
[ "four" => 4, "one" => 1, "three" => 3, "two" => 2 ]
I can only assume that PHP sorts the array as elements are added to make it easier for it to find a specified element by its key later. In many cases it won't matter if the array is not stored internally in the same order you added the elements, but if, for instance, you execute a foreach on the array later, the elements may not be processed in the order you need them to be.
If you want to add elements to the END of an associative array you should use the unary array union operator (+=) instead...
$data['one'] = 1;
$data += [ "two" => 2 ];
$data += [ "three" => 3 ];
$data += [ "four" => 4 ];
You can also, of course, append more than one element at once...
$data['one'] = 1;
$data += [ "two" => 2, "three" => 3 ];
$data += [ "four" => 4 ];
Note that like array_push (but unlike $array[] =) the array must exist before the unary union, which means that if you are building an array in a loop you need to declare an empty array first...
$data = [];
for ( $i = 1; $i < 5; $i++ ) {
$data += [ "element$i" => $i ];
}
...which will result in an array that looks like this...
[ "element1" => 1, "element2" => 2, "element3" => 3, "element4" => 4 ]
willdemaine at gmail dot com ¶
17 years ago
If you're adding multiple values to an array in a loop, it's faster to use array_push than repeated [] = statements that I see all the time:
<?php
class timer
{
private $start;
private $end;
public function
timer()
{
$this->start = microtime(true);
}
public function
Finish()
{
$this->end = microtime(true);
}
private function
GetStart()
{
if (isset($this->start))
return $this->start;
else
return false;
}
private function
GetEnd()
{
if (isset($this->end))
return $this->end;
else
return false;
}
public function
GetDiff()
{
return $this->GetEnd() - $this->GetStart();
}
public function
Reset()
{
$this->start = microtime(true);
}
}
echo
"Adding 100k elements to array with []\n\n";
$ta = array();
$test = new Timer();
for ($i = 0; $i < 100000; $i++)
{
$ta[] = $i;
}
$test->Finish();
echo $test->GetDiff();
echo
"\n\nAdding 100k elements to array with array_push\n\n";
$test->Reset();
for ($i = 0; $i < 100000; $i++)
{
array_push($ta,$i);
}
$test->Finish();
echo $test->GetDiff();
echo
"\n\nAdding 100k elements to array with [] 10 per iteration\n\n";
$test->Reset();
for ($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)
{
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
$ta[] = $i;
}
$test->Finish();
echo $test->GetDiff();
echo
"\n\nAdding 100k elements to array with array_push 10 per iteration\n\n";
$test->Reset();
for ($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)
{
array_push($ta,$i,$i,$i,$i,$i,$i,$i,$i,$i,$i);
}
$test->Finish();
echo $test->GetDiff();
?>
Output
$ php5 arraypush.php
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.5
Content-type: text/html
Adding 100k elements to array with []
0.044686794281006
Adding 100k elements to array with array_push
0.072616100311279
Adding 100k elements to array with [] 10 per iteration
0.034690141677856
Adding 100k elements to array with array_push 10 per iteration
0.023932933807373
yhusky at qq dot com ¶
7 years ago
There is a mistake in the note by egingell at sisna dot com 12 years ago. The tow dimensional array will output "d,e,f", not "a,b,c".
<?php
$stack = array('a', 'b', 'c');
array_push($stack, array('d', 'e', 'f'));
print_r($stack);
?>
The above will output this:
Array (
[0] => a
[1] => b
[2] => c
[3] => Array (
[0] => d
[1] => e
[2] => f
)
) raat1979 at gmail dot com ¶
9 years ago
Unfortunately array_push returns the new number of items in the array
It does not give you the key of the item you just added, in numeric arrays you could do -1, you do however need to be sure that no associative key exists as that would break the assumption
It would have been better if array_push would have returned the key of the item just added like the below function
(perhaps a native variant would be a good idea...)
<?phpif(!function_exists('array_add')){
function array_add(array &$array,$value ){
$values = func_get_args(); $values[0]= &$array; $org=key($array); call_user_func_array('array_push',$values);
end($array); $key = key($array); if($org===null){
return $key;
}elseif($org<(count($array)/2)){ reset($array);
while (key($array) !== $org) next($List);
}else{
while (key($array) !== $org) prev($List);
}
return $key;
}
}
echo "<pre>\n";
$pr = array('foo'=>'bar','bar'=>'foo');
echo "Taken array;";
print_r($pr);
echo
"\npush 1 returns ".array_push($pr,1)."\n";
echo "------------------------------------\n";
$pr = array('foo'=>'bar','bar'=>'foo');
echo "\npush 2 returns ".array_push($pr,1,2)."\n";
echo "------------------------------------\n";
$pr = array('foo'=>'bar','bar'=>'foo');
echo "\n add 1 returns ".array_add($pr,2)."\n\n";
echo "------------------------------------\n";
$pr = array('foo'=>'bar','bar'=>'foo');
echo "\n add 2 returns ".array_add($pr,1,2)."\n\n";
echo "<pre/>\n\n";
?>
Outputs:
Taken array;Array
(
[foo] => bar
[bar] => foo
)
push 1 returns 3
------------------------------------
push 2 returns 4
------------------------------------
add 1 returns 0
------------------------------------
add 2 returns 1
egingell at sisna dot com ¶
19 years ago
If you push an array onto the stack, PHP will add the whole array to the next element instead of adding the keys and values to the array. If this is not what you want, you're better off using array_merge() or traverse the array you're pushing on and add each element with $stack[$key] = $value.
<?php
$stack
= array('a', 'b', 'c');
array_push($stack, array('d', 'e', 'f'));
print_r($stack);?>
The above will output this:
Array (
[0] => a
[1] => b
[2] => c
[3] => Array (
[0] => a
[1] => b
[2] => c
)
) gfuente at garrahan dot gov dot ar ¶
8 years ago
If the element to be pushed onto the end of array is an array you will receive the following error message:
Unknown Error, value: [8] Array to string conversion
I tried both: (and works, but with the warning message)
$aRol = array( $row[0], $row[1], $row[2] );
$aRoles[] = $aRol;
and
array_push( $aRoles, $aRol);
The correct way:
$cUnRol = implode("(",array( $row[0], $row[1], $row[2] ) );
array_push( $aRoles, $cUnRol );
thanks.
helpmepro1 at gmail dot com ¶
16 years ago
elegant php array combinations algorithm
<?
//by Shimon Dookin
function get_combinations(&$lists,&$result,$stack=array(),$pos=0)
{
$list=$lists[$pos];
if(is_array($list))
foreach($list as $word)
{
array_push($stack,$word);
if(count($lists)==count($stack))
$result[]=$stack;
else
get_combinations($lists,$result,$stack,$pos+1);
array_pop($stack);
}
}
$wordlists= array( array("shimon","doodkin") , array("php programmer","sql programmer","mql metatrader programmer") );
get_combinations($wordlists,$combinations);
echo '<xmp>';
print_r($combinations);
?>
steve at webthoughts d\ot ca ¶
19 years ago
Further Modification on the array_push_associative function
1. removes seemingly useless array_unshift function that generates php warning
2. adds support for non-array arguments
<?
// Append associative array elements
function array_push_associative(&$arr) {
$args = func_get_args();
foreach ($args as $arg) {
if (is_array($arg)) {
foreach ($arg as $key => $value) {
$arr[$key] = $value;
$ret++;
}
}else{
$arr[$arg] = "";
}
}
return $ret;
}
$items = array("here" => "now");
$moreitems = array("this" => "that");
$theArray = array("where" => "do we go", "here" => "we are today");
echo array_push_associative($theArray, $items, $moreitems, "five") . ' is the size of $theArray.<br />';
echo "<pre>";
print_r($theArray);
echo "</pre>";
?>
Yields:
4 is the size of $theArray.
Array
(
[where] => do we go
[here] => now
[this] => that
[five] =>
) andrew at cgipro dot com ¶
20 years ago
Need a real one-liner for adding an element onto a new array name?
$emp_list_bic = $emp_list + array(c=>"ANY CLIENT");
CONTEXT...
drewdeal: this turns out to be better and easier than array_push()
patelbhadresh: great!... so u discover new idea...
drewdeal: because you can't do: $emp_list_bic = array_push($emp_list, c=>"ANY CLIENT");
drewdeal: array_push returns a count and affects current array.. and does not support set keys!
drewdeal: yeah. My one-liner makes a new array as a derivative of the prior array
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