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Java™ SE Development Kit 21, 21.0.5 Release Notes

Release date: October 15, 2024

The full version string for this update release is 21.0.5+9 (where "+" means "build"). The version number is 21.0.5.

For more information, refer to Timezone Data Versions in the JRE Software.

The security baselines for the Java Runtime at the time of the release of JDK 21.0.5 are specified in the following table:

Oracle recommends that the JDK is updated with each Critical Patch Update. In order to determine if a release is the latest, the Security Baseline page can be used to determine which is the latest version for each release family.

Critical patch updates, which contain security vulnerability fixes, are announced one year in advance on Critical Patch Updates, Security Alerts and Bulletins. It is not recommended that this JDK (version 21.0.5) be used after the next critical patch update scheduled for January 21, 2025.

Java Management Service, available to all users, can help you find vulnerable Java versions in your systems. Java SE Subscribers and customers running in Oracle Cloud can use Java Management Service to update Java Runtimes and to do further security reviews like identifying potentially vulnerable third party libraries used by your Java programs. Existing Java Management Service user click here to log in to your dashboard. The Java Management Service Documentation provides a list of features available to everyone and those available only to customers. Learn more about using Java Management Service to monitor and secure your Java Installations.

security-libs/java.security

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The java.security.debug system property now accepts arguments which add thread ID, thread name, caller information, and timestamp information to debug statements for all components or a specific component.

+timestamp can be appended to debug options to print a timestamp for that debug option. +thread can be appended to debug options to print thread and caller information for that debug option.

Examples: -Djava.security.debug=all+timestamp+thread adds timestamp and thread information to every debug statement generated.

-Djava.security.debug=properties+timestamp adds timestamp information to every debug statement generated for the properties component.

You can also specify -Djava.security.debug=help which will display a complete list of supported components and arguments.

See Printing Thread and Timestamp Information for more information.

install/install

(JDK-8336107 (not public))

Fixed the issue with entries in the "java" and "javac" groups not being properly managed during an RPM upgrade.

Upgrading from an older Java RPM installed into a shared directory (/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-${FEATURE}-oracle-${ARCH}) to a Java RPM installing into a version-specific directory (/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-${VERSION}-oracle-${ARCH}), results in the older Java entries in the "java" and "javac" groups not being deleted.

The issue does not manifest until the new Java is uninstalled. When it is uninstalled and Java from the lower release is installed, running Java commands like java or keytool without the full path specified will result in the "command not found" error. For example, install 21.0.3; upgrade it to 21.0.4; uninstall 21.0.4; install any Java update of 17 or 11 or 8 release; run "java" from the command line. The command will fail with the "command not found" error.

Manually delete orphan Java entries in the "java" and "javac" groups to workaround the issue.

core-libs/java.net

(JDK-8328286 (not public))

New Default limits have been added to HTTP in the JDK.

The JDK built-in implementation of the legacy URL protocol handler for HTTP, HttpURLConnection, and the new HttpClient, in the module java.net.http, now have a default limit on the maximum response headers size they will accept from a remote party. The limit is set by default at 384kB (393216 bytes) and is computed as the cumulative size of all header names and header values plus an overhead of 32 bytes per header name value pair.

The default value of the limit can be changed by specifying a positive value with the jdk.http.maxHeaderSize system property on the command line, or in the $JAVA_HOME/conf/net.properties file. A negative or zero value is interpreted as no limit. If the limit is exceeded, the request will fail with a protocol exception.

The JDK built-in implementation of the com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer (jdk.httpserver) implements a similar limit for the maximum request header size the server is prepared to accept. The HttpServer limit can be changed by specifying a positive value with the sun.net.httpserver.maxReqHeaderSize system property on the command line. A negative or zero value is interpreted as no limit. The limit is set by default at 384kB (393216 bytes) and the size is computed in the same way as explained above. If the limit is exceeded, the connection is closed.

In addition, the JDK built-in implementation of the new java.net.http.HttpClient enforces two additional limits:

1. The system property jdk.httpclient.maxNonFinalResponses can be specified with a positive value on the java command line, or in the $JAVA_HOME/conf/net.properties file, to control how many interim responses the client will accept before receiving a final response. An interim response is considered informational and is a response whose status is in the range [100, 199]. These responses are typically either handled internally or simply discarded by the implementation. The default limit is now set at a maximum of 8 interim responses before receiving the final response. A negative or zero value is interpreted as no limit. If the limit is exceeded, the request will fail with a protocol exception.
2. The system property jdk.httpclient.maxLiteralWithIndexingcan be specified with a positive value on the java command line, or in the $JAVA_HOME/conf/net.properties file, to control how many additions a server may request a client to make to the HPack dynamic table when decoding a set of headers. The default maximum value is now set to 512. A negative or zero value is interpreted as no limit. If the limit is exceeded, the request will fail with a protocol exception.

security-libs/java.security

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The following root certificates have been added to the cacerts truststore:

+ SSL.com

  + ssltlsrootecc2022
    DN: CN=SSL.com TLS ECC Root CA 2022, O=SSL Corporation, C=US

+ SSL.com
  + ssltlsrootrsa2022
    DN: CN=SSL.com TLS RSA Root CA 2022, O=SSL Corporation, C=US

security-libs/javax.net.ssl

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The JDK will stop trusting TLS server certificates issued after November 11, 2024 and anchored by Entrust root certificates, in line with similar plans recently announced by Google and Mozilla. The list of affected certificates includes certificates branded as AffirmTrust, which are managed by Entrust.

TLS server certificates issued on or before November 11, 2024 will continue to be trusted until they expire. Certificates issued after that date, and anchored by any of the Certificate Authorities in the table below, will be rejected.

The restrictions will be enforced in the JDK implementation (the SunJSSE Provider) of the Java Secure Socket Extension (JSSE) API. A TLS session will not be negotiated if the server's certificate chain is anchored by any of the Certificate Authorities in the table below and the certificate has been issued after November 11, 2024.

An application will receive an Exception with a message indicating the trust anchor is not trusted, for example:

TLS server certificate issued after 2024-11-11 and anchored by a distrusted legacy Entrust root CA: CN=Entrust.net Certification Authority (2048),

OU=(c) 1999 Entrust.net Limited, OU=www.entrust.net/CPS_2048 incorp. by ref. (limits liab.), O=Entrust.net

If necessary, and at your own risk, you can work around the restrictions by removing "ENTRUST_TLS" from the jdk.security.caDistrustPolicies security property in the java.security configuration file.

The restrictions are imposed on the following Entrust Root certificates included in the JDK:

73:C1:76:43:4F:1B:C6:D5:AD:F4:5B:0E:76:E7:27:28:7C:8D:E5:76:16:C1:E6:E6:14:1A:2B:2C:BC:7D:8E:4C

02:ED:0E:B2:8C:14:DA:45:16:5C:56:67:91:70:0D:64:51:D7:FB:56:F0:B2:AB:1D:3B:8E:B0:70:E5:6E:DF:F5

43:DF:57:74:B0:3E:7F:EF:5F:E4:0D:93:1A:7B:ED:F1:BB:2E:6B:42:73:8C:4E:6D:38:41:10:3D:3A:A7:F3:39

DB:35:17:D1:F6:73:2A:2D:5A:B9:7C:53:3E:C7:07:79:EE:32:70:A6:2F:B4:AC:42:38:37:24:60:E6:F0:1E:88

6D:C4:71:72:E0:1C:BC:B0:BF:62:58:0D:89:5F:E2:B8:AC:9A:D4:F8:73:80:1E:0C:10:B9:C8:37:D2:1E:B1:77

03:76:AB:1D:54:C5:F9:80:3C:E4:B2:E2:01:A0:EE:7E:EF:7B:57:B6:36:E8:A9:3C:9B:8D:48:60:C9:6F:5F:A7

0A:81:EC:5A:92:97:77:F1:45:90:4A:F3:8D:5D:50:9F:66:B5:E2:C5:8F:CD:B5:31:05:8B:0E:17:F3:F0B4:1B

70:A7:3F:7F:37:6B:60:07:42:48:90:45:34:B1:14:82:D5:BF:0E:69:8E:CC:49:8D:F5:25:77:EB:F2:E9:3B:9A

BD:71:FD:F6:DA:97:E4:CF:62:D1:64:7A:DD:25:81:B0:7D:79:AD:F8:39:7E:B4:EC:BA:9C:5E:84:88:82:14:23

You can also use the keytool utility from the JDK to print out details of the certificate chain, as follows:

keytool -v -list -alias <your_server_alias> -keystore <your_keystore_filename>

If any of the certificates in the chain are issued by one of the root CAs in the table above are listed in the output you will need to update the certificate or contact the organization that manages the server.

core-libs/java.text

(JDK-8331446 (not public))

In the JDK, java.text.MessageFormat now has an implementation limit for the ArgumentIndex pattern element. The hard limit for the value is 10,000.

If an ArgumentIndex value is equal to or exceeds the upper limit, an IllegalArgumentException will now be thrown by

• MessageFormats constructors
• applyPattern(String pattern) instance method
• format(String pattern, Object... arguments) static method

De-serializing a MessageFormat object with an ArgumentIndex value at or over the limit will throw an InvalidObjectException.

core-svc/java.lang.management

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The ClassLoadingMXBean::setVerbose(boolean enabled) method will set class+load* logging on log output stdout to level info if enabled is true, and to level off otherwise. In contrast, the isVerbose method would check if exactly class+load logging was enabled at the info level on any log output. This could result in counter-intuitive behavior when logging class+load=info to a file via the command-line, as it caused isVerbose to return true, even after a call to setVerbose(false) had been made. A similar problem existed for the MemoryMXBean::isVerbose method. Starting with this release, the behavior is as follows:

• ClassLoadingMXBean::isVerbose will return true only if class+load* logging (note the wildcard use) has been enabled at the info level (or above) on the stdout log output.
• MemoryMXBean::isVerbose will return true only if gc logging has been enabled at the info level (or above) on the stdout log output.

security-libs/javax.crypto

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When instantiating a third-party security provider's implementation (class) of a KEM algorithm, the framework will determine the provider's codebase (JAR file) and verify its signature. In this way, JCA authenticates the provider and ensures that only providers signed by a trusted entity can be plugged into the JCA. This is consistent with other JCE service classes, such as Cipher, Mac, KeyAgreement, and others.

tools/launcher

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The showSettings launcher option no longer prints available locales information by default, when -XshowSettings is used. The -XshowSettings:locale option will continue to print all settings related to available locales.

This release also contains fixes for security vulnerabilities described in the Oracle Critical Patch Update.

Issues fixed in 21.0.5:

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