MongoDB Atlas is a hosted MongoDB service option in the cloud which requires no installation overhead and offers a free tier to get started.
Use this tutorial to install MongoDB 8.0 Community Edition using the apt package manager.
This tutorial installs MongoDB 8.0 Community Edition. To install a different version of MongoDB Community, use the version drop-down menu in the upper-left corner of this page to select the documentation for that version.
MongoDB 8.0 Community Edition supports the following 64-bit Debian releases on x86_64 architecture:
Debian 12 "Bookworm"
MongoDB only supports the 64-bit versions of these platforms.
See Platform Support for more information.
Before deploying MongoDB in a production environment, consider the Production Notes for Self-Managed Deployments document which offers performance considerations and configuration recommendations for production MongoDB deployments.
To install MongoDB Community on your Debian system, these instructions will use the official mongodb-org package, which is maintained and supported by MongoDB Inc. The official mongodb-org package always contains the latest version of MongoDB, and is available from its own dedicated repo.
The mongodb package provided by Debian is not maintained by MongoDB Inc. and conflicts with the official mongodb-org package. If you have already installed the mongodb package on your Debian system, you must first uninstall the mongodb package before proceeding with these instructions.
See MongoDB Community Edition Packages for the complete list of official packages.
Follow these steps to install MongoDB Community Edition using the apt package manager.
From a terminal, install gnupg and curl if they are not already available:
sudo apt-get install gnupg curlTo import the MongoDB public GPG key, run the following command:
curl -fsSL https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-8.0.asc | \ sudo gpg -o /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg \ --dearmorCreate the list file for Debian 12 (Bookworm):
echo "deb [ signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-8.0.gpg ] http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian bookworm/mongodb-org/8.0 main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-8.0.listIssue the following command to reload the local package database:
You can install either the latest stable version of MongoDB or a specific version of MongoDB.
To install the latest stable version, issue the following
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-orgTo install a specific release, you must specify each component package individually along with the version number.
sudo apt-get install -y \ mongodb-org=8.0.12 \ mongodb-org-database=8.0.12 \ mongodb-org-server=8.0.12 \ mongodb-mongosh \ mongodb-org-shell=8.0.12 \ mongodb-org-mongos=8.0.12 \ mongodb-org-tools=8.0.12 \ mongodb-org-database-tools-extra=8.0.12If you only install mongodb-org=8.0.12 and do not include the component packages, the latest version of each MongoDB package will be installed regardless of what version you specified.
Optional. Although you can specify any available version of MongoDB, apt-get will upgrade the packages when a newer version becomes available. To prevent unintended upgrades, you can pin the package at the currently installed version:
echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-org-database hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-mongosh hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-org-cryptd hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsecho "mongodb-org-database-tools-extra hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selectionsMost Unix-like operating systems limit the system resources that a process may use. These limits may negatively impact MongoDB operation, and should be adjusted. See UNIX ulimit Settings for Self-Managed Deployments for the recommended settings for your platform.
If the ulimit value for number of open files is under 64000, MongoDB generates a startup warning.
By default, a MongoDB instance stores:
its data files in /var/lib/mongodb
its log files in /var/log/mongodb
If you installed via the package manager, these default directories are created during the installation.
If you installed manually by downloading the tarballs, you can create the directories using mkdir -p <directory> or sudo mkdir -p <directory> depending on the user that will run MongoDB. (See your linux man pages for information on mkdir and sudo.)
By default, MongoDB runs using the mongodb user account. If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you must also modify the permission to the /var/lib/mongodb and /var/log/mongodb directories to give this user access to these directories.
To specify a different log file directory and data file directory, edit the systemLog.path and storage.dbPath settings in the /etc/mongod.conf. Ensure that the user running MongoDB has access to these directories.
Follow these steps to run MongoDB Community Edition on your system. These instructions assume that you are using the official mongodb-org package -- not the unofficial mongodb package provided by Debian -- and are using the default settings.
Init System
To run and manage your mongod process, you will be using your operating system's built-in init system. Recent versions of Linux tend to use systemd (which uses the systemctl command), while older versions of Linux tend to use System V init (which uses the service command).
If you are unsure which init system your platform uses, run the following command:
ps --no-headers -o comm 1Then select the appropriate tab below based on the result:
systemd - select the systemd (systemctl) tab below.
init - select the System V Init (service) tab below.
You can start the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo systemctl start mongodIf you receive an error similar to the following when starting mongod:
Failed to start mongod.service: Unit mongod.service not found.
Run the following command first:
sudo systemctl daemon-reloadThen run the start command above again.
sudo systemctl status mongodYou can optionally ensure that MongoDB will start following a system reboot by issuing the following command:
sudo systemctl enable mongodAs needed, you can stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo systemctl stop mongodYou can restart the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo systemctl restart mongodYou can follow the state of the process for errors or important messages by watching the output in the /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log file.
Issue the following command to start mongod:
sudo service mongod startVerify that the mongod process has started successfully:
sudo service mongod statusYou can also check the log file for the current status of the mongod process, located at: /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log by default. A running mongod instance will indicate that it is ready for connections with the following line:
[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
As needed, you can stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:
Issue the following command to restart mongod:
sudo service mongod restartTo completely remove MongoDB from a system, you must remove the MongoDB applications themselves, the configuration files, and any directories containing data and logs. The following section guides you through the necessary steps.
WarningThis process will completely remove MongoDB, its configuration, and all databases. This process is not reversible, so ensure that all of your configuration and data is backed up before proceeding.
Stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:
Remove any MongoDB packages that you had previously installed.
sudo apt-get purge mongodb-org*Remove MongoDB databases and log files.
sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodbsudo rm -r /var/lib/mongodbBy default, MongoDB launches with bindIp set to 127.0.0.1, which binds to the localhost network interface. This means that the mongod can only accept connections from clients that are running on the same machine. Remote clients will not be able to connect to the mongod, and the mongod will not be able to initialize a replica set unless this value is set to a valid network interface.
This value can be configured either:
For more information on configuring bindIp, see IP Binding in Self-Managed Deployments.
MongoDB Community Edition is available from its own dedicated repository, and contains the following officially-supported packages:
Package Name
Description
mongodb-org
A metapackage that automatically installs the component packages listed below.
mongodb-org-database
A metapackage that automatically installs the component packages listed below.
Package Name
Description
mongodb-org-server
Contains the mongod daemon, associated init script, and a configuration file (/etc/mongod.conf). You can use the initialization script to start mongod with the configuration file. For details, see the "Run MongoDB Community Edition" section, above.
mongodb-org-mongos
Contains the mongos daemon.
mongodb-mongosh
Contains the MongoDB Shell (mongosh).
mongodb-org-tools
A metapackage that automatically installs the component packages listed below:
Package Name
Description
mongodb-database-tools
Contains the following MongoDB database tools:
mongodb-org-database-tools-extra
Contains the install_compass script
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