This function converts time (which should be a Lisp timestamp, and defaults to the current time if time is omitted or nil) to a string according to format-string. The conversion uses the time zone rule zone, which defaults to the current time zone rule. See Time Zone Rules. The argument format-string may contain ‘%’-sequences which say to substitute parts of the time. Here is a table of what the ‘%’-sequences mean:
This stands for the abbreviated name of the day of week.
This stands for the full name of the day of week.
This stands for the abbreviated name of the month.
This stands for the full name of the month.
This is a synonym for ‘%x %X’.
This stands for the century, that is, the year divided by 100, truncated toward zero. The default field width is 2.
This stands for the day of month, zero-padded.
This is a synonym for ‘%m/%d/%y’.
This stands for the day of month, blank-padded.
This stands for the ISO 8601 date format, which is like ‘%+4Y-%m-%d’ except that any flags or field width override the ‘+’ and (after subtracting 6) the ‘4’.
This stands for the year without century (00–99) corresponding to the current ISO week number. ISO weeks start on Monday and end on Sunday. If an ISO week begins in one year and ends in another, the rules regarding which year ‘%g’ will produce are complex and will not be described here; however, in general, if most of the week’s days are in the ending year, ‘%g’ will produce that year.
This stands for the year with century corresponding to the current ISO week number.
This is a synonym for ‘%b’.
This stands for the hour (00–23).
This stands for the hour (01–12).
This stands for the day of the year (001–366).
This stands for the hour (0–23), blank padded.
This stands for the hour (1–12), blank padded.
This stands for the month (01–12).
This stands for the minute (00–59).
This stands for a newline.
This stands for the nanoseconds (000000000–999999999). To ask for fewer digits, use ‘%3N’ for milliseconds, ‘%6N’ for microseconds, etc. Any excess digits are discarded, without rounding.
This stands for ‘AM’ or ‘PM’, as appropriate.
This stands for the calendar quarter (1–4).
This is a synonym for ‘%I:%M:%S %p’.
This is a synonym for ‘%H:%M’.
This stands for the integer number of seconds since the epoch.
This stands for the second (00–59, or 00–60 on platforms that support leap seconds).
This stands for a tab character.
This is a synonym for ‘%H:%M:%S’.
This stands for the numeric day of week (1–7). Monday is day 1.
This stands for the week of the year (01–52), assuming that weeks start on Sunday. If January 1 is not a Sunday, the first partial week is week zero.
This stands for the week of the year according to ISO 8601. Note that, unlike ‘%U’ and ‘%W’, the week according to ISO 8601 does not roll over to 1 on January 1, but keeps its last number.
This stands for the numeric day of week (0–6). Sunday is day 0.
This stands for the week of the year (01–52), assuming that weeks start on Monday. If January 1 is not a Monday, the first partial week is week zero.
This has a locale-specific meaning. In the default locale (named ‘C’), it is equivalent to ‘%D’.
This has a locale-specific meaning. In the default locale (named ‘C’), it is equivalent to ‘%T’.
This stands for the year without century (00–99).
This stands for the year with century.
This stands for the time zone abbreviation (e.g., ‘EST’).
This stands for the time zone numerical offset. The ‘z’ can be preceded by one, two, or three colons; if plain ‘%z’ stands for ‘-0500’, then ‘%:z’ stands for ‘-05:00’, ‘%::z’ stands for ‘-05:00:00’, and ‘%:::z’ is like ‘%::z’ except it suppresses trailing instances of ‘:00’ so it stands for ‘-05’ in the same example.
This stands for a single ‘%’.
One or more flag characters can appear immediately after the ‘%’. ‘0’ pads with zeros, ‘+’ pads with zeros and also puts ‘+’ before nonnegative year numbers with more than four digits, ‘_’ pads with blanks, ‘-’ suppresses padding, ‘^’ upper-cases letters, and ‘#’ reverses the case of letters.
You can also specify the field width and type of padding for any of these ‘%’-sequences. This works as in printf: you write the field width as digits in a ‘%’-sequence, after any flags. For example, ‘%S’ specifies the number of seconds since the minute; ‘%03S’ means to pad this with zeros to 3 positions, ‘%_3S’ to pad with spaces to 3 positions. Plain ‘%3S’ pads with zeros, because that is how ‘%S’ normally pads to two positions.
The characters ‘E’ and ‘O’ act as modifiers when used after any flags and field widths in a ‘%’-sequence. ‘E’ specifies using the current locale’s alternative version of the date and time. In a Japanese locale, for example, %Ex might yield a date format based on the Japanese Emperors’ reigns. ‘E’ is allowed in ‘%Ec’, ‘%EC’, ‘%Ex’, ‘%EX’, ‘%Ey’, and ‘%EY’.
‘O’ means to use the current locale’s alternative representation of numbers, instead of the ordinary decimal digits. This is allowed with most letters, all the ones that output numbers.
To help debug programs, unrecognized ‘%’-sequences stand for themselves and are output as-is. Programs should not rely on this behavior, as future versions of Emacs may recognize new ‘%’-sequences as extensions.
This function uses the C library function strftime (see Formatting Calendar Time in The GNU C Library Reference Manual) to do most of the work. In order to communicate with that function, it first converts time and zone to internal form; the operating system limits the range of time and zone values. This function also encodes format-string using the coding system specified by locale-coding-system (see Locales); after strftime returns the resulting string, this function decodes the string using that same coding system.
RetroSearch is an open source project built by @garambo | Open a GitHub Issue
Search and Browse the WWW like it's 1997 | Search results from DuckDuckGo
HTML:
3.2
| Encoding:
UTF-8
| Version:
0.7.4