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SQL COUNT(), AVG() and SUM() Function

Last Updated : 13 Aug, 2025

SQL aggregate functions, such as COUNT(), AVG(), and SUM(), are essential tools for performing mathematical and statistical analysis on data. They allow you to:

• Calculate totals
• Find averages
• Count specific rows

These functions are commonly used for data analytics and reporting, enabling deeper insights into datasets.

The COUNT() function provides the number of rows that match a specified condition. It is often used to determine:

• Total records in a table
• Records that meet a specific filter

Syntax:

SELECT COUNT(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

The AVG() function provides the average value of a numeric column, helping you determine central tendencies in your data. This is useful for understanding the mean value of a set of numbers, such as salaries, prices, or scores.

Syntax:

SELECT AVG(column_name) 
FROM table_name 
WHERE condition;

The SUM() function calculates the total sum of a numeric column. It is ideal for calculating:

• Total sales
• Total revenue
• Any cumulative numeric value

Syntax:

SELECT SUM(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

Let us look at some examples of the COUNT(), AVG() and SUM() Function in SQL to understand them better. To demonstrate this, let us create a table "GeeksTab".

CREATE TABLE GeeksTab (
    Name VARCHAR(50),
    City VARCHAR(50),
    Salary INT,
    ID INT,
    DOJ VARCHAR(50)
);

INSERT INTO GeeksTab (Name, City, Salary, ID, DOJ) VALUES
('Abc', 'Delhi', 4500, 134, '6-Aug'),
('Dfe', 'Noida', 6500, 245, '4-March'),
('Def', 'Jaipur', 5400, 546, '2-July'),
('Mno', 'Noida', 7800, 432, '7-June'),
('Jkl', 'Jaipur', 5400, 768, '9-July'),
('Lmn', 'Delhi', 7800, 987, '8-June'),
('Ijk', 'Jaipur', 6700, 654, '5-June');

Table GeeksTab:

The following SQL statement finds the number of Names in the "GeeksTab" table.

Query:

SELECT COUNT(Name)
FROM GeeksTab; 

Output:

7 

The following SQL statement finds the average price of salary in the "GeeksTab" table.

Query:

SELECT AVG(Salary)
FROM GeeksTab; 

Output:

6300 

The following SQL statement will find the sum of the Salary in the "GeeksTab" table.

Query:

SELECT SUM(Salary)
FROM GeeksTab; 

Output:

44100 

1. These functions ignore NULL values in calculations.

2. COUNT() counts rows, not values — unless specified with a column name.

3. Can be combined with:

• WHERE – to filter results
• GROUP BY – to group results
• HAVING – to filter aggregated results

4. Widely used in data analysis, reporting, and dashboards.

5. Always ensure data type compatibility for AVG() and SUM() (numeric columns only).

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