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Mathematical functions in MySQL - GeeksforGeeks

Mathematical functions in MySQL

Last Updated : 11 Jul, 2025

Mathematical functions in MySQL are essential tools for performing a variety of numerical operations directly within SQL queries.

These built-in functions enable users to execute calculations, manipulate numeric data, and perform statistical analysis efficiently. In this article, We will learn about Mathematical functions in MySQL by understanding various methods.

Mathematical functions in MySQL Various Mathematical functions in MySQL

Here’s a tabular representation of commonly used Mathematical functions in MySQL:

Function Description Example Result ABS() Returns the absolute value of a number. SELECT ABS(-10); 10 CEIL() or CEILING() Rounds a number up to the nearest integer. SELECT CEIL(4.3); 5 FLOOR() Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. SELECT FLOOR(4.7); 4 ROUND() Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places. SELECT ROUND(123.456, 2); 123.46 POW() or POWER() Returns the result of a number raised to a specified power. SELECT POW(2, 3); 8 SQRT() Returns the square root of a number. SELECT SQRT(16); 4 EXP() Returns the value of e raised to the power of a specified number. SELECT EXP(1); Approximately 2.71828 LOG() Returns the natural logarithm of a number. SELECT LOG(10); Approximately 2.30259 RAND() Returns a random floating-point number between 0 and 1. SELECT RAND(); e.g., 0.123456 SIN() Returns the sine of an angle in radians. SELECT SIN(PI()/2); 1 COS() Returns the cosine of an angle in radians. SELECT COS(0); 1 TAN() Returns the tangent of an angle in radians. SELECT TAN(PI()/4); 1 Advantages of Mathematical Functions in MySQL
  1. Data Analysis: It Enable complex mathematical operations and data analysis directly within SQL queries.
  2. Data Transformation: It Facilitate the transformation of raw data into meaningful insights through calculations and manipulations.
  3. Simplify Queries: It Reduce the need for application-level processing by performing calculations and transformations in SQL.
  4. Enhanced Reporting: It Improve reporting capabilities by allowing dynamic calculations and aggregations based on the data.
Conclusion

Mathematical functions in MySQL provide robust capabilities for manipulating and analyzing numerical data. By using these functions, users can perform complex calculations directly in their SQL queries, facilitating efficient data processing and enhancing reporting capabilities. Whether it's rounding numbers, computing powers, or generating random values, these functions help streamline data transformations and analytical tasks, reducing the need for external processing.



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