The NextJS src directory is a project structure that is optional but is widely recommended. It helps to organize the project in a well-defined structure.
Organizing a Next.js project with a well-planned folder structure is important for readability, scalability, and maintainability. A clear structure helps manage code, configurations, modules, and other assets effectively. In this article, we’ll explore the best practices for organizing the folder structure of a Next.js project, focusing on the src
directory.
To understand the folder structure for a Next.js project, ensure you have:
It is an optional project structure that is used to separate the src files from the configurations, build, scripts, and other project files. It provides clean folder structure.
The src directory mainly contains the pages, components, API routes, styles, assets, and other functions as given below
Folder Structure Overview: Next.js src Folder StructureThe folder structure contains the files and folders that are present in the directory. There are multiple files and folders, for example, pages
, components
, utils
, assets
, styles
, contexts
, services
, and layouts
.
Step 1: Create a new Next.js project with the given command
npx create-next-app my-appNext.js Installation
Step 2: Move to project
cd my-app
Step 3: Create necessary folders and files inside src directory.
mkdir components mkdir assets mkdir config mkdir contexts mkdir hooks mkdir pages mkdir services mkdir styles mkdir utilsImproved Files and Folders Structure
For managing the project in more concise way we can create these folder for more manageable code.
1. components/: Contains Reusable React ComponentsThis directory contains all the reusable React components. Components are the building blocks of your application, containing UI elements and logic in a modular way. By placing them here, you ensure that your UI is easily maintainable and reusable.
2. pages/: Contains Page Components, Automatically Routed by Next.jsThe pages directory is special in Next.js. Each file in this directory corresponds to a route in your application. For instance, pages/index.js maps to the home page (/), and pages/about.js maps to /about.
3. styles/: Contains CSS and Other Styling FilesThe styles directory is used for all your CSS or styling needs. This can include global stylesheets, CSS modules, and styled-components. Organizing your styles here keeps them separate from your components and pages, making them easier to manage.
4. contexts/: Manages Global State Using React Context APIThe contexts directory is for managing global state using the React Context API. Contexts allow you to share state across multiple components without having to pass props down manually at every level of the component tree.
5. hooks/: Contains Custom Hooks for Reusing Stateful LogicThe hooks directory contains custom React hooks, which are functions that allow you to reuse stateful logic across multiple components. Hooks are a powerful feature for encapsulating and sharing complex logic.
6. services/: Handles API Calls and Other ServicesThe services directory is used for files responsible for handling API calls, authentication, and other backend services. This separation helps to keep the logic for interacting with external resources isolated from your UI components.
7. utils/: Stores Utility Functions Used Across the ProjectUtility functions that are used across your application can be placed in the utils directory. These functions might include date formatting, data transformation, or other common tasks that don’t fit neatly into other directories.
8. assets/: Stores Static Assets Like Images, Fonts, etc.The assets directory is for static files like images, fonts, and other media. Keeping these files in a dedicated directory helps you manage and locate these resources easily.
9. config/: Contains Configuration Files Such as Environment VariablesThe config directory holds configuration files, such as those for environment variables, settings for third-party services, or other configuration needs. This keeps your configuration organized and separate from your application logic.
SummaryThe src directory is an optional folder convention that helps to maintain a well defined project structure by separating all the source files from other project files. It is widely recommended structure especially in case of large scale projects.
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