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Ternary Operator in Python - GeeksforGeeks

Last Updated : 18 Dec, 2024

The ternary operator in Python allows us to perform conditional checks and assign values or perform operations on a single line. It is also known as a conditional expression because it evaluates a condition and returns one value if the condition is True and another if it is False.

The simplest way to use a Python ternary operator is when we have a simple if else condition - either of the two conditions is True and the other is False.

Let’s start with a simple example to determine whether a number is even or odd:

n = 5
res = "Even" if n % 2 == 0 else "Odd"
print(res)  

The ternary operator can be used in various ways. Let us see a few different examples to use Ternary Operators in Python:

The ternary operator can also be used in Python nested if-else statement. We can nest ternary operators to evaluate multiple conditions in a single line.

Syntax: value_if_true if condition else value_if_false

Example:

n = -5

res = "Positive" if n > 0 else "Negative" if n < 0 else "Zero"
print(res)  

Explanation:

• First, it checks if num > 0. If True, it returns "Positive".
• If False, it checks if num < 0. If True, it returns "Negative".
• If both conditions fail, it defaults to "Zero".

The ternary operator can also be written by using Python tuples. The tuple indexing method is an alternative to the ternary operator.

Syntax: (condition_is_false, condition_is_true)[condition]

Example:

n = 7
res = ("Odd", "Even")[n % 2 == 0]
print(res)  

Explanation:

• The condition num % 2 == 0 evaluates to False (index 0), so it selects "Odd".

A dictionary can be used to map conditions to values, providing a way to use a ternary operator with more complex conditions.

Syntax: condition_dict = {True: value_if_true, False: value_if_false}

Example:

a = 10
b = 20
max = {True: a, False: b}[a > b]
print(max)  

Explanation: This uses a dictionary where the key is True or False based on the condition a > b. The corresponding value (a or b) is then selected.

Lambdas can be used in conjunction with the ternary operator for inline conditional logic.

Syntax: lambda x: value_if_true if condition else value_if_false

Example:

a = 10
b = 20
max = (lambda x, y: x if x > y else y)(a, b)
print(max)  

Explanation: This defines an anonymous function (lambda) that takes two arguments and returns the larger one using the ternary operator. It is then called with a and b.

The ternary operator can also be directly used with the Python print statement. Its syntax is a s follows:

Syntax: print(value_if_true if condition else value_if_false)

Example: In this example, we are finding the minimum number among two numbers using Python ternary operator with print statement.

a = 10
b = 20

print("a is greater" if a > b else "b is greater")  

Explanation: This checks if a is greater than b. If true, it prints "a is greater"; otherwise, it prints "b is greater".

While the ternary operator is concise, it should be used with caution:

• It can reduce readability if overused or used in complex conditions.
• It's limited to simple, single-line expressions.

Ternary Operator in Python

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