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Matplotlib.pyplot.subplot() function in Python - GeeksforGeeks

Last Updated : 20 May, 2022

Prerequisites: matplotlib

subplot() function adds subplot to a current figure at the specified grid position.  It is similar to the subplots() function however unlike subplots() it adds one subplot at a time. So to create multiple plots you will need several lines of code with the subplot() function. Another drawback of the subplot function is that it deletes the preexisting plot on your figure. Refer to example 1.

It is a wrapper of Figure.add_subplot.

Syntax:

subplot(nrows, ncols, index, **kwargs)

subplot(pos, **kwargs) 

subplot(ax)

Parameters : 

• args:  Either a 3-digit integer or three separate integers describing the position of the subplot.
• pos is a three-digit integer where the first, second, and third integer are nrows,ncols, index.
• projection : [{None, ’aitoff’, ’hammer’, ’lambert’, ’mollweide’, ’polar’, ’rectilinear’, str}, optional]. The projection-type of the subplot (Axes). The default None results in a ’rectilinear’ projection.
• label : [str] A label for the returned axes.
• **kwargs: This method also takes the keyword arguments for the returned axes base class;
  except for the figure argument, for e.g facecolor.

Returns :  An axes.SubplotBase subclass of Axes or a subclass of Axes. The returned axes base class depends on the projection used.

Implementation of the function is given below:

Example 1: subplot() will delete the pre-existing plot.

# importing the module
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Data to display on plot
x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]

# plot() will create new figure and will add axes object (plot) of above data
plt.plot(x, y, marker="x", color="green")

# subplot() will add plot to current figure deleting existing plot
plt.subplot(121)

Output: We can see that the first plot got set aside by the subplot() function. 

If you want to see the first plot comment out plt.subplot() line and you will see the following plot

Example 2:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# data to display on plots

x = [3, 1, 3]
y = [3, 2, 1]
z = [1, 3, 1]

# Creating figure object
plt.figure()

# adding first subplot
plt.subplot(121)
plt.plot(x, y, color="orange", marker="*")

# adding second subplot
plt.subplot(122)
plt.plot(z, y, color="yellow", marker="*")

Output :

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