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Java Break Statement - GeeksforGeeks

Last Updated : 12 Jul, 2025

The Break Statement in Java is a control flow statement used to terminate loops and switch cases. As soon as the break statement is encountered from within a loop, the loop iterations stop there, and control returns from the loop immediately to the first statement after the loop. 

Example:

// Java Program to Illustrate break statement
import java.io.*;

class GFG {
  
    public static void main (String[] args) {
      
      //assigning n as integer value
      int n = 1;
      
      //passing n to switch
      // it will check n and display output accordingly
      switch(n) {
          
        case 1: 
          System.out.println("GFG");
          break;
        case 2:
          System.out.println("Second Case");
          break;
        default:
          System.out.println("default case");
      }
    }
}

Explanation: In the above example, the switch statement is evaluated with n = 1. The first case case 1 matches and prints "Case 1". The break statement is executed and the program to exit the switch block and skip any remaining cases.

break;

The break statements are used in situations when we are not sure about the actual number of iterations for the loop or we want to terminate the loop based on some condition.  

• In a switch statement: The break exits the switch block and prevents any further cases from being executed once a case is matched.
• In a loop: The break statement terminates the loop execution, and control passes to the next statement after the loop.

The break statement can also be used in a labeled block (also referred to as the "goto" equivalent) to exit from nested blocks.

Using break, we can force immediate termination of a loop, bypassing the conditional expression and any remaining code in the body of the loop. 

Note: Break, when used inside a set of nested loops, will only break out of the innermost loop.  

Example:

// Java program to illustrate using
// break to exit a loop
class BreakLoop {
  
    public static void main(String args[]) {
      
        // Initially loop is set to run from 0-9
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
          
            // terminate loop when i is 5
            if (i == 5)
                break;

            System.out.println("i: " + i);
        }
        System.out.println("Loop complete.");
    }
}

i: 0
i: 1
i: 2
i: 3
i: 4
Loop complete.

Java allows using break with labels to exit from nested blocks. It often referred to as an alternative to the goto statement.

Syntax: 

label_name: {

// Block of Statements break label_name; // Exits the block labeled "label_name" }

Example: 

// Java program to illustrate
// break statement in labeled blocks
public class BreakLabel {
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      
        boolean t = true;

        // label first
        first: {
            second: {
                third: {
                    System.out.println("Before break statement");

                    if (t) {
                        break second;  // Exits the second label block
                    }

                    System.out.println("This won't execute.");
                }
                System.out.println("This won't execute.");
            }
            System.out.println("After second block.");
        }
    }
}

Before break statement
After second block.

Explanation: The program enters the first labeled block. It moves into the second labeled block and then into the third labeled block. When t is true, the break second; exits the second block by skipping all further code within it. The program then prints "After second block."

• In Loops: The break statement is used to exit a loop early.
• In Switch Cases: It exits the switch block after executing a case.
• In Labeled Blocks: It can be used to exit nested blocks of code, providing structured control flow without using unstructured goto.

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