El Capitan (background left) along the Merced River in Yosemite National Park, east-central...
© garytog/stock.adobe.com
High PlainsThe High Plains, near Fort Morgan, Colorado.
Epimethius
Screw Auger FallsScrew Auger Falls in the Mahoosuc Range, northern Appalachian Mountains, Maine.
© George Wuerthner
Mount Washington, New HampshireMount Washington, in the White Mountains, New Hampshire.
William Hemmel/© New Hampshire Division of Travel and Tourism Development
American badgerAmerican badger (Taxidea taxus).
Alvin E. Staffan—The National Audubon Society Collection/Photo Researchers
Kangaroo ratKangaroo rat (Dipodomys).
© Stan/stock.adobe.com
Gateway ArchThe Gateway Arch (left) on the west bank of the Mississippi River in St. Louis, Missouri.
© CrackerClips/Shutterstock.com
ChicagoThe city of Chicago accounts for a large share of Illinois's population and economy.
© Rvaero/Dreamstime.com
Santa BarbaraAerial view of Santa Barbara, California.
Skyguy414
Las Vegas StripLas Vegas Boulevard, the home of the Las Vegas Strip, pictured here at night.
© Andrew Zarivny/Shutterstock.com
Cadillac Ranch, Amarillo, TexasCadillac Ranch, art installation by the art collective Ant Farm, near Amarillo,...
Carol M. Highsmith's America/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-highsm-04824)
CaliforniaCalifornia.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
OrdinationOrdination of a pastor by the Slovak Zion Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church...
Thespiano7
Statue of LibertyFor many immigrants to the United States, the first glimpses of the country were...
Tom Sobolik/Black Star
Corn harvesting in IowaHarvesting corn on a farm near Alden, north-central Iowa.
Thomas Hovland/Grant Heilman Photography
New York Stock ExchangeTrading floor of the New York Stock Exchange, New York City.
Carol M. Highsmith Archive/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-highsm-11972)
Interstate SystemAerial view of Interstate System bypasses, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
© Zack Frank/Shutterstock.com
National Security Council meetingU.S. Pres. George W. Bush meeting with the National Security Council in the Cabinet...
Courtesy of the George W. Bush Presidential Library & Museum/NARA
U.S. Senate chamberMembers of the U.S. Senate during the 111th U.S. Congress, Washington, D.C., 2009–11.
U.S. Senate Photo Studio
U.S. Supreme CourtJustices of the U.S. Supreme Court (bottom row, from left) Associate Justice Tom...
Warren K. Leffler—U.S. News and World Report/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-ppmsca-41069)
Woman suffrageWoman suffrage advocates parading in an open car in support of ratification of the...
George Grantham Bain Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. 19032)
Polling placeA polling place sign posted at a polling station, Drake, Kentucky, November 2, 2010....
Tom Pennington—Getty Images/Thinkstock
Richard NixonRichard Nixon during a campaign stop in 1968, saluting the crowd with his iconic...
Oliver F. Atkins—White House Photo/Nixon Presidential Library and Museum/NARA
Bill Clinton and Al GoreDemocratic presidential nominee Bill Clinton (right) and his running mate, Al Gore,...
Marcy Nighswaner—AP/Shutterstock.com
PentagonAerial view of the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, U.S.
© Frontpage/Shutterstock.com
Lyndon B. Johnson: MedicareFormer U.S. president Harry S. Truman (right) looking on as U.S. Pres. Lyndon B....
Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum/NARA
Head StartLady Bird Johnson, wife of U.S. Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson, visiting a classroom at...
LBJ Library photo by Robert Knudsen
Levittown, New YorkEarly housing development, Levittown, New York.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Mark TwainMark Twain, lithograph from Puck, 1885.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. LC-USZC4-4294
Piet MondrianDutch painter Piet Mondrian, photograph by Arnold Newman, 1942.
© Arnold Newman
Eudora WeltyAmerican author Eudora Welty, 1980.
Bernard Gotfryd Photograph Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-ppmsca-12450)
Bharati MukherjeeAmerican author Bharati Mukherjee, 2004.
Embassy of the United States, Tel-Aviv, Israel/U.S. Department of State
Ralph EllisonNovelist Ralph Ellison, 1952.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Let Us Now Praise Famous MenBud Fields and his family, Hale county, Alabama, photograph by Walker Evans, c. 1936–37;...
Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Photograph Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. 8c52407u)
Tom WolfeAmerican author Tom Wolfe, 1988.
Jim Cooper/AP/REX/Shutterstock.com
Cover of The Catcher in the RyeReproduction of the cover of the first edition of J.D. Salinger's novel The Catcher...
Little, Brown and Company/Hachette Book Group USA
Amy TanAmerican writer Amy Tan, 2018.
Hindustan Times/Getty Images
John UpdikeJohn Updike, 2006.
© Rtspencer—Mediapunch/REX/Shutterstock.com
Willem de KooningAmerican artist Willem de Kooning in his studio in the Hamptons, New York, c. 1982.
© Luiz Alberto—Archive Photos/Getty Images
Robert Rauschenberg: MonogramMonogram, combine painting (mixed media) by Robert Rauschenberg, 1959; in...
Moderna Museet, Stockholm/Photograph: Statens Konstmuseer
August WilsonPlaywright August Wilson, Seattle, May 30, 2003.
Ted S. Warren/AP Images
To Have and Have Not(From left) Lauren Bacall, Marcel Dalio, and Humphrey Bogart in To Have and Have...
© 1945 Warner Brothers, Inc.; photograph from a private collection
Apocalypse NowRobert Duvall (center) in Apocalypse Now (1979).
© 1979 Omni Zoetrope; photograph from a private collection
Ang LeeFilm director Ang Lee on the set of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000).
Chan Kam Chuen/Sony Pictures Classic
Iron ManRobert Downey, Jr., appearing as Iron Man/Tony Stark in a scene from the film Iron...
Paramount Pictures/Marvel Entertainment
Silent Generation teenagersTeenagers watching television during the 1950s.
H. Armstrong Roberts/ClassicStock—Archive Photos/Getty Images
Rachel MaddowAmerican political commentator Rachel Maddow.
Ali Goldstein—NBC-TV/Kobal/Shutterstock.com
SeinfeldScene from the television series Seinfeld, with actors (from left) Jason...
© Castle Rock Entertainment; all rights reserved
The SopranosCast members of The Sopranos: (from left) Tony Sirico, Steven Van Zandt,...
© 1999 HBO
Game of ThronesPeter Dinklage (as Tyrion Lannister) in a scene from the HBO series Game of Thrones.
© 2013 Home Box Office, Inc. All rights reserved.
John LewisJohn Lewis with the Modern Jazz Quartet.
Frank Driggs Collection
Doris DayAmerican actress Doris Day, c. 1945.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Sun Records labelSun Records label "You're a Heartbreaker" by Elvis Presley, originally recorded December...
Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images
Elvis PresleyAmerican singer, musician, and actor Elvis Presley, 1956.
Picture Lux/The Hollywood Archive/Alamy
Chuck BerryAmerican singer, songwriter, and guitarist Chuck Berry, 1960.
© Dezo Hoffmann—REX/Shutterstock.com
Al GreenAmerican singer-songwriter Al Green.
David Redfern—Redferns/Getty Images
Taylor SwiftAmerican singer-songwriter Taylor Swift performing in São Paulo, November 24, 2023.
© Buda Mendes—TAS23/Getty Images for TAS Rights Management
Lady GagaPop star Lady Gaga, wearing a meat dress, after accepting the award for video of...
Frederick M. Brown/Getty Images Entertainment
Wrigley FieldWrigley Field, home of the Chicago Cubs.
© James Kirkikis/Dreamstime.com
Magic JohnsonAmerican basketball player Magic Johnson who led the L.A. Lakers to five championships.
© Jerry Coli/Dreamstime.com
Don QuixoteMisty Copeland (center) performing in Don Quixote at the Metropolitan Opera...
© Hiroyuki Ito/Getty Images
Henry HudsonA color lithograph based on a painting done by American artist Frederic A. Chapman...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Comanche Village, Women Dressing Robes and Drying MeatComanche Village, Women Dressing Robes and Drying Meat, oil on canvas by...
George Catlin, Comanche Village, Women Dressing Robes and Drying Meat, 1834-1835, oil on canvas, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison, Jr., 1985.66.346
Landing of ColumbusLanding of Columbus, oil on canvas by John Vanderlyn, 1846; in the U.S....
Architect of the Capitol
Jacques CartierThis map details the first two voyages of Jacques Cartier.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
JamestownJamestown Fort in Virginia (U.S.), c. 1608.
MPI/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Historical interpreters, MarylandCostumed interpreters in St. Mary's, Maryland, re-creating a scene from life in 17th-century...
Tim Tadder/Maryland Office of Tourism
Maryland colonyMap of Maryland colony.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Pilgrims signing the Mayflower CompactPilgrims signing the Mayflower Compact, reproduction of an oil painting, 1932.
Prints and Photographs Division/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital. id. cph 3g07155)
17th-century New EnglandDetail of a 17th-century map of New England with the Plymouth colony appearing opposite...
Library of Congress, Rare Book Division
John WinthropJohn Winthrop, detail of an oil painting, school of Sir Anthony Van Dyck, c. 1625–49;...
Courtesy of the American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass.
Roger WilliamsFounder of Rhode Island Roger Williams.
The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library (424056)
William PennEnglish Quaker leader William Penn.
© Photos.com—PHOTOS.com>>/Getty Images
Philip CarteretPhilip Carteret arriving at the colony of New Jersey in 1665 to serve as its governor,...
The Granger Collection, New York
James Edward OglethorpeJames Edward Oglethorpe, panel by A.E. Dyer after a portrait by W. Verelst; in the...
Courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London
Boston, 1760sView of Boston in the 1760s.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
PhiladelphiaMap of Philadelphia, 1776.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Joseph GallowayAmerican colonial attorney and legislator Joseph Galloway.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Benjamin RushBenjamin Rush, colored engraving, 19th century.
© North Wind Picture Archives
Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin's experiment proving the identity of lightning and electricity.
© North Wind Picture Archives
Poor Richard's almanacTitle page for Poor Richard's almanac for 1739, written, printed, and sold...
Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Gilbert Stuart: Mrs. Richard YatesMrs. Richard Yates, oil painting by Gilbert Stuart, 1793–94; in the National...
Courtesy of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Andrew Mellon Collection
Nassau Hall, King's CollegeNassau Hall, built in 1756, was the first and the largest building at King's College...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Jonathan EdwardsTheologian and philosopher Jonathan Edwards.
© North Wind Picture Archives
French and Indian WarBritish troops under Edward Braddock near Fort Duquesne, Pennsylvania, during the...
MPI/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Fort TiconderogaMap of Fort Ticonderoga, on Lake Champlain.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Death of the marquis de MontcalmFrench military leader the marquis de Montcalm dying during the Battle of Quebec,...
The New York Public Library Digital Collection (b13504202)
PocahontasPocahontas, painting based on Simon van de Passe's 1616 engraving.
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; transfer from the National Gallery of Art; gift of the A.W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, 1942
Haudenosaunee ConfederacyMap of the initial nations of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, from History of...
Library of Congress, Rare Book Division, Washington, D.C.
Red JacketRed Jacket, lithograph on stone by Corbould from a painting by C.B. King, c. 1838....
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-ppmsca-05086)
PontiacPontiac, chief of the Ottawa tribe, hand-colored engraving.
© North Wind Picture Archives
triangular tradeEnslaved people cutting sugarcane on the Caribbean island of Antigua, aquatint from...
The British Library (Public Domain)
Stamp ActProcession in New York opposing the Stamp Act, depicted in a hand-colored woodcut....
© North Wind Picture Archives
Townshend ActsA notice to the public from Simeon Coley regarding the duties imposed by Lord Townshend.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
James OtisJames Otis, portrait by J. Blackburn, 1755; in the Library of Congress, Washington,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
George IIIKing George III, c. 1800.
© Photos.com/Getty Images
Lord NorthLord North, detail of a portrait by Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland; in the National...
Courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London
Boston Tea PartyIllustration of the Boston Tea Party.
North Wind Picture Archives/Alamy
Common SenseTitle page from Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense, 1776.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Declaration of IndependenceImage of the Declaration of Independence (1776) taken from an engraving made by printer...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
William HoweBritish Gen. William Howe, 1778.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Peace of ParisSigning the Preliminary Treaty of Peace at Paris, November 30, 1782, print...
U.S. Diplomacy Center
George WashingtonGen. George Washington (riding a white horse) and his staff welcoming a provision...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-pga-0288)
U.S. ConstitutionThe signing of the U.S. Constitution by 39 members of the Constitutional Convention...
Architect of the Capitol
U.S. ConstitutionOriginal copy of the U.S. Constitution, housed in the National Archives in Washington,...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
The FederalistThe Federalist, written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay,...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton, oil on canvas by John Trumbull, c. 1792; in the National Gallery...
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Gift of the Avalon Foundation, 1952.1.1
Auction of enslaved personsSale of Estates, Pictures and Slaves in the Rotunda, New Orleans, 1842,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Benjamin BannekerBenjamin Banneker, from a U.S. commemorative stamp, 1980.
© MMphotos/Alamy
Lyman BeecherLyman Beecher, oil on canvas by James Henry Beard, 1842; in the National Portrait...
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Mrs. Fredson Bowers (NPG.75.5)
Caricature of Thomas PaineEnglish caricature of Thomas Paine's involvement in the French Revolution.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Gilbert Stuart: portrait of John AdamsJohn Adams, oil painting by Gilbert Stuart, 1826; in the Smithsonian American Art...
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.; Adams-Clement Collection, gift of Mary Louisa Adams Clement in memory of her mother, Louisa Catherine Adams Clement (object no. 1950.6.11)
Thomas JeffersonU.S. Pres. Thomas Jefferson.
© John Parrot—Stocktrek Images/Getty Images
Louisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
John MarshallJohn Marshall, crayon portrait by Charles-Balthazar-Julien Févret de Saint-Mémin;...
Courtesy of Duke University, Durham, N.C.
War of 1812 political cartoonCartoon from 1812 showing Columbia (the United States) warning Napoleon I that she...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
War of 1812 political cartoonCartoon showing Pres. James Madison fleeing from Washington, D.C., which is being...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ62-1559)
WarshipsThe U.S.S. Constitution (left) and the British ship HMS Guerriere...
Bettmann—Bettman/Getty Images
Treaty of GhentA tableau of the Treaty of Ghent, signed in Belgium, December 24, 1814.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Daniel BooneAmerican frontiersman Daniel Boone, oil on canvas by James B. Longacre, 1820; in...
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; partial gift of the William T. Kemper Foundation and of the Chapman Hanson Foundation (object no. NPG.2015.102)
Battle of TippecanoeBattle of Tippecanoe, lithograph by Kurz and Allison c. 1889.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-pga-01891)
War of 1812 political cartoonAn American political cartoon attacking the alliance between the “Humane British”...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
James MonroeJames Monroe, oil sketch by E.O. Sully, 1836, after a contemporary portrait by Thomas...
Courtesy of the Independence National Historical Park Collection, Philadelphia
John Quincy AdamsJohn Quincy Adams, daguerreotype by A.S. Southworth and J.J. Hawes, c. 1850; in the...
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, gift of I.N. Phelps Stokes, Edward S. Hawes, Alice Mary Hawes, Marion Augusta Hawes, 1937, (37.14.34), www.metmuseum.org
Nicholas BiddleAmerican financier Nicholas Biddle.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Panic of 1837Wood engraving relating to the financial setback experienced on the U.S. frontier...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
John Fitch's steamboatIllustration of an early version of John Fitch's steamboat.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Robert FultonRobert Fulton, portrait by Elizabeth Emmet, 1815.
Courtesy, American Antiquarian Society
Erie CanalBarge near the western end of the Erie Canal, New York, mid-1800s.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Henry ClayAmerican political leader Henry Clay.
© North Wind Picture Archives
Automatic gristmill patentOne of the first U.S. patents granted was to Oliver Evans in 1790 for his automatic...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Eli Whitney: cotton gin sketchSketch submitted to the Patent Office by Eli Whitney, showing the operation of the...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Ralph Waldo EmersonAmerican lecturer, poet, and essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson, c. 1870.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (cph 3a5501)
Herman MelvilleHerman Melville, etching after a portrait by Joseph O. Eaton.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital File Number: cph 3c35949)
Lewis and Clark ExpeditionMap of Lewis and Clark Expedition by William Clark and Meriwether Lewis, 1804–06.
Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division, Washington, D.C
P.T. Barnum's tentP.T. Barnum's mammoth tent housing his menagerie and exhibits.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Stephen FosterStephen Foster, 1859.
Courtesy of the Foster Hall Collection, University of Pittsburgh
Irish emigrantsIrish emigrants departing for the United States.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproducution no. LC-USZ62-2022)
Swedish immigrantsSwedish immigrants en route to the western United States in the mid-19th century.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Frances WrightFeminist Frances Wright was co-editor of the New Harmony Gazette and...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Olympia BrownRev. Olympia Brown, undated photograph.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; neg. no. LC USZ 62 53513
Mount Holyoke College(From left) Abbey Memorial Chapel, Williston Memorial Library, and Clapp Laboratories...
Jim Gipe; courtesy of Mount Holyoke College
Alexis de TocquevilleAlexis de Tocqueville, detail of an oil painting by T. Chassériau; in the Versailles...
H. Roger-Viollet
U.S. Pres. Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson, oil on canvas by Asher B. Durand, c. 1800; in the collection of the...
Bettmann/Getty Images
“Old Hickory” (Andrew Jackson)Caucus Curs in Full Yell, an 1824 cartoon by James Akin, showing “Old Hickory”...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
William H. CrawfordAmerican political leader William H. Crawford.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Nullification Crisis cartoonCartoon drawn during the Nullification Crisis showing the manufacturing North getting...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Horace MannAmerican educator Horace Mann.
Courtesy of Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio
Charles FourierFrench philosopher Charles Fourier.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
The LiberatorA copy of The Liberator, November 23, 1855.
Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Washington, D.C.; gift from the Liljenquist Family Collection (object no. 2016.166.41.8)
Lydia M. ChildLydia M. Child at age 22.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Oneida utopian communityRecruit arriving at the utopian community in Oneida, New York.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
John TylerU.S. Pres. John Tyler.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
James K. PolkU.S. Pres. James K. Polk, c. 1846.
Library of Congress, Washington D.C. (LC-DIG-pga-11757)
Chief Black HawkChief Black Hawk, lithograph by John T. Bowen and published by F.W. Greenough, c....
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Compromise of 1850; Henry ClayU.S. Senator Henry Clay, in a speech before the Senate, outlining the principal features...
© North Wind Picture Archives
Atlanta: Whitehall Street, 1864Whitehall Street, Atlanta, Georgia. A typical commercial street in the American South...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-B8171-3608 LC)
Nat Turner“The Discovery of Nat Turner,” engraving from Popular History of the United States,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Stephen A. DouglasAmerican politician Stephen A. Douglas, c. 1855–65.
Brady-Handy photograph collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division
Pierce, FranklinFranklin Pierce, oil on canvas by George Peter Alexander Healy, 1853; in the National...
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; transfer from the National Gallery of Art; gift of the A.W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, 1942 (object no. NPG.65.49)
Attack on Charles SumnerEngraving showing the attack on Charles Sumner on the floor of the Senate, 1856;...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Dred Scott decisionNewspaper notice for a pamphlet on the U.S. Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-132561)
William H. SewardWilliam H. Seward, photographby Mathew Brady.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Harpers FerryView of the town of Harpers Ferry, now in West Virginia, and railroad bridge.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-B8171-7187 DLC)
1860 presidential campaign“The Undecided Political Prize Fight,” a lithograph depicting the presidential campaign...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-7877)
Jefferson Davis: inaugurationInauguration of Jefferson Davis as president of the Confederate States of America,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-pga-01584)
Fort Sumter, 1861Interior view of Fort Sumter, South Carolina, under the Confederate flag, April 15,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-ppmsca-32284)
Battle of ShilohBattle of Shiloh, 1862; chromolithograph by Thure de Thulstrup, c. 1888.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-pga-04037)
Battle of CorinthBattle of Corinth, Mississippi, October 3–4, 1862, color lithograph.
Stock Montage
Battle of ChancellorsvilleGen. Stonewall Jackson's attack at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May...
© North Wind Picture Archives
Gettysburg battlefieldThe battlefield of Gettysburg, photograph by Timothy O'Sullivan, July 1863.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-B8184-7964-A DLC)
Lookout Mountain, TennesseeGeneral Ulysses S. Grant (far left) with (left to right) General John Rawlins, General...
Courtesy, Colorado Historical Society, Denver (image no. F7289)
American Civil WarUnion soldiers wrecking railroad lines (making “Sherman's neckties”), Atlanta.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (B8184-10488)
Charles Francis AdamsU.S. diplomat Charles Francis Adams, c. 1861
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-14451)
Lincoln-Johnson campaign bannerCampaign banner for 1864 Republican presidential candidate Abraham Lincoln and running...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Benjamin F. WadeAmerican politician Benjamin F. Wade.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Henry Winter DavisAmerican politician Henry Winter Davis.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Andrew Johnson: oath of officeAndrew Johnson taking the oath of office in the parlor of the Kirkwood House, Washington,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson pardoning Confederate soldiers at the White House, Washington, D.C.,...
Harper's Weekly V. 9, No. 459, October 1865
Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson; photo from the Brady-Handy Collection.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Ulysses S. GrantU.S. Pres. Ulysses S. Grant, c. 1870–85.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Roscoe ConklingAmerican politician Roscoe Conkling.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Horace GreeleyAmerican newspaper editor Horace Greeley, c. 1855–65.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Samuel J. TidenSamuel J. Tilden, candidate in the disputed United States presidential election of...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Rutherford B. HayesU.S. Pres. Rutherford B. Hayes, c. 1877–93.
Library of Congress (neg. no. LC-USZ62-13019 )
William MahoneGen. William Mahone.
Courtesy Meserve-Kunhardt Collection
Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. Washington, first principal and chief developer of Tuskegee Institute in...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Black Hills; immigrantImmigrants bound for the goldfields in the Black Hills of South Dakota filling the...
Rare Book and Special Collections Division/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Cowboy roundupCowboys at “mess” during a roundup before a cattle drive in 1887; photo by J.C.H....
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Promontory PointThe completion of the transcontinental railroad at Promontory Point, Utah, on May...
Copyright © 2008 by Dover Publications, Inc. Electronic image © 2008 Dover Publications, Inc. All rights reserved.
John D. RockefellerAmerican industrialist John D. Rockefeller.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Andrew CarnegieAmerican industrialist Andrew Carnegie, April 1905.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (cph 3b35116)
Cornelius VanderbiltAmerican industrialist Cornelius Vanderbilt.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (cph 3a11569)
Leland StanfordAmerican politician Leland Stanford.
From The Days of a Man, Being Memories of a Naturalist, Teacher, and Minor Prophet of Democracy, by David Starr Jordan, Vol. 1, 1922
Mesabi Range, MinnesotaPillsbury Mine in the Mesabi Range, near Hibbing, Minnesota.
Milt and Joan Mann/CameraMann International
Flouring millC.C. Washburn's flouring mills, by the Falls of St. Anthony in the historical milling...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital. id. pga 01523)
Cotton mill weaving roomWeaving room in a cotton mill, Augusta, Georgia, late 19th century.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Knights of Labor"Puck" cartoon attacking James Cardinal Gibbons's support of the Knights of Labor.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Haymarket AffairWood engraving of the Haymarket Riot by Thure de Thulstrup, published in Harper's...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Samuel GompersLabor leader Samuel Gompers, 1911.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-19862)
Grover ClevelandU.S. Pres. Grover Cleveland.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Winfield Scott HancockUnion general and presidential candidate Winfield Scott Hancock.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-USZ62-53819)
James A. GarfieldU.S. Pres. James A. Garfield, 1881.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Political cartoon of Chester A. ArthurPolitical cartoon of Chester A. Arthur by Joseph Keppler.
Drawing by Joseph Ferdinand Keppler/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (file no. LC-DIG-ppmsca-15781)
Grover ClevelandU.S. Pres. Grover Cleveland.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Pro-high-tariff cartoonA pro-high-tariff cartoon depicting U.S. Pres. Grover Cleveland introducing lower...
MPI/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Benjamin HarrisonU.S. Pres. Benjamin Harrison.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ62-73640)
Thomas B. ReedThomas B. Reed, detail of a portrait by John Singer Sargent; in the U.S. Capitol,...
Collection of the U.S. House of Representatives
John ShermanAmerican statesman John Sherman.
Brady-Handy photograph collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-cwpbh-04451
Oklahoma land rushGuthrie, Oklahoma Territory, days after the land rush of April 22, 1889.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
James B. WeaverAmerican politician James B. Weaver, c. 1870–80.
Brady-Handy photograph collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division
Grover ClevelandU.S. Pres. Grover Cleveland, undated portrait.
© Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com
Mark HannaMark Hanna, 1903.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
McKinley campaign ribbonPresidential campaign ribbon for William McKinley, c. 1896.
Americana/Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
McKinley inauguration ceremonyU.S. President Grover Cleveland (center left) and President-elect William McKinley...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Klondike Gold RushMiner panning for gold in a stream during the Klondike Gold Rush in Canada.
George G. Murdoch/Library and Archives Canada, Accession No. c005389
Rough RidersRough Riders, including Theodore Roosevelt (center), at San Juan Hill, Santiago de...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Alfred Thayer MahanAlfred Thayer Mahan, c. 1904.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (cph 3a11341)
Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough RidersTheodore Roosevelt leading the Rough Riders during the Spanish-American War, 1898;...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-pga-01946)
LiliuokalaniLiliuokalani, the last Hawaiian monarch.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
John HayU.S. Secretary of State John Hay, c. 1860–65.
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Russo-Japanese WarAn American cartoon (“Let Us Have Peace”) hailing the peacemaking efforts of President...
The Granger Collection, New York
Panama Canal: 1907 Cucaracha slideWorkers dig through the 1907 Cucaracha slide in the Gaillard (or Culebra) Cut, one...
Prints and Photographs Division/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. LC-D4-73208)
Woodrow Wilson: first inaugurationPres. Woodrow Wilson speaking at his first inauguration on the east portico of the...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (cph 3a16546)
Granger movementThe Granger movement; lithograph published in 1873.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Tammany Hall politicsTammany Hall politics; political cartoon by Thomas Nast.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Robert M. La FolletteSen. Robert M. La Follette, 1906.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Union Stock Yards: beef processingBeef processing as conducted at the Union Stock Yards, Chicago, c. 1900.
Geo. R. Lawrence Co./Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-52728-9)
Presidential Administrations, 1900–18A 1912 poster shows Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and William Howard Taft,...
Prints and Photographs Division/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. LC-DIG-ds-00696)
Woodrow Wilson and Edith WilsonU.S. Pres. Woodrow Wilson and first lady Edith Wilson, 1919.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital photo no. 3b12597u)
Louis BrandeisAmerican jurist Louis Brandeis, 1916.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Victoriano HuertaMexican Pres. Victoriano Huerta (seated center) with his cabinet, c. 1913–14.
Bain Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-ggbain-14712)
John J. PershingBrig. Gen. John J. Pershing (center) inspecting a camp during the U.S. Army expedition...
Underwood & Underwood/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-89220)
Sinking of the LusitaniaThe New York Herald reporting the sinking of the Lusitania, a British...
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Ration cardSugar ration card used during World War I, 1917.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Woodrow WilsonU.S. Pres. Woodrow Wilson, undated photograph.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
“Big Four”The “Big Four” (left to right): David Lloyd George of Britain, Vittorio Orlando of...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Henry Cabot LodgeHenry Cabot Lodge, c. 1898.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital File Number: cph.3b25369)
Woodrow WilsonFormer U.S. president Woodrow Wilson leaving his home in 1921, his health broken.
© Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com
Warren G. HardingU.S. Pres. Warren G. Harding, 1920.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg no. LC-USZ62-91485)
Andrew W. MellonTreasury Sec. Andrew W. Mellon, c. 1921.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-56407)
Charles Evans HughesAssociate Supreme Court justice and former New York Gov. Charles Evans Hughes, 1916.
Genthe photograph collection—Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-agc-7a15120)
Calvin CoolidgeCalvin Coolidge taking the oath of office as U.S. president, 1925.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Initiation ceremonyA Ku Klux Klan initiation ceremony, 1920s.
Jack Benton—Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Scopes TrialWilliam Jennings Bryan (lower left, with fan) and Clarence Darrow (center right,...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
ProhibitionNew York City Deputy Police Commissioner John A. Leach (right) watching agents pour...
New York World-Telegram and the Sun Newspaper Photograph Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ62-123257)
Al SmithNew York Gov. Al Smith in an undated photograph.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Great Depression: breadlineDetail of a sculpture by George Segal depicting unemployed men in a breadline during...
© Zack Frank/stock.adobe.com
New Deal pinFranklin D. Roosevelt New Deal pin, 1932.
Collection of David J. and Janice L. Frent
Civilian Conservation CorpsNew members of the Civilian Conservation Corps waiting to be fitted for shoes at...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Huey LongSen. Huey Long, 1935.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-hec-38172)
Works Progress AdministrationA poster by Vera Bock for the Works Progress Administration, c. 1936–41.
Work Projects Administration Poster Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (Digital file no. cph 3b48737)
Alf LandonKansas Gov. Alf Landon, c. 1936.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (cph 3c27381)
Cordell HullSecretary of State Cordell Hull.
U.S. Department of State
Draft protestDemonstrators in New York City protesting against peacetime conscription prior to...
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Pearl Harbor, HawaiiFord Island in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, as seen from a Japanese aircraft during the...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Douglas Aircraft factoryTwo women working at a Douglas Aircraft Company factory in El Segundo, California,...
Farm Security Administration-Office of War Information photograph collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (fsa 8e01286)
United States: manufacturing during World War IIMen working on bombers at an aircraft plant in Baltimore, Maryland, 1942.
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Photographs and Prints Division, The New York Public Library (1211919)
Thomas E. DeweyNew York Gov. Thomas E. Dewey, c. 1948.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Yalta ConferencePrime Minister Winston Churchill, Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Premier Joseph...
U.S. Army Photo
North Atlantic TreatyU.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson signing the North Atlantic Treaty on April 4,...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Joseph McCarthyU.S. Sen. Joseph McCarthy (center) during an investigation into alleged communist...
© APA—Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Korean WarU.S. troops preparing for the assault on Inch'ŏn during the Korean War, September...
© Bert Hardy—Picture Post/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Adlai E. StevensonIllinois governor Adlai E. Stevenson waving to supporters before speaking at Madison...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Montgomery bus boycottBlack Americans walking to work during the Montgomery bus boycott, February 1956,...
© Don Cravens—The Chronicle Collection/Getty Images
Little Rock NineAfrican American students walking onto the campus of Central High School in Little...
AP Images
Explorer I(From left) William H. Pickering, James Van Allen, and Wernher von Braun raising...
NASA/JPL
Lyndon B. JohnsonU.S. Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson, 1969.
Yoichi R. Okamoto, The Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum/National Archives and Records Administration
Freedom RidersFreedom Riders preparing to board a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, May 24, 1961.
Perry Aycock/AP Images
Cesar ChavezLabor leader Cesar Chavez, 1972.
National Archives, Washington, D.C. (544069)
Russell MeansOglala Sioux activist Russell Means.
Bettmann/Getty Images
Vietnam WarDemonstrator offering a flower to a military police officer during a protest against...
Staff Sergeant Albert Simpson—U.S. Army Signal Corps/NARA
Vietnam WarMilitary conscription was common during the Vietnam War of the 1960s and early 1970s.
AP Images
Kent State shootingOhio National Guardsmen moving across the Commons toward Taylor Hall at Kent (Ohio)...
News Service May 4 photographs. Kent State University Libraries. Special Collections and Archives.
Watergate scandalWhite House reporters watching the televised Watergate address by U.S. Pres. Richard...
© Archive Photos
Richard Nixon: farewell speechU.S. Pres. Richard Nixon, with his daughter Tricia Cox looking on, bidding farewell...
Oliver F. Atkins—White House Photo/Nixon Presidential Library and Museum/NARA
Gerald FordGerald Ford being sworn in as U.S. president, August 9, 1974.
Robert L. Knudsen —White House Photo/Courtesy Gerald R. Ford Library
Iran hostage crisisBlindfolded American hostage surrounded by captors outside the U.S. embassy in Tehrān,...
MPI—Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Bill ClintonU.S. Pres. Bill Clinton.
U.S. Department of Defense
Hillary Clinton and C. Everett KoopFormer U.S. Surgeon General C. Everett Koop (left) and first lady Hillary Clinton...
White House Photo—The C. Everett Koop Papers/National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
Oklahoma City bombingThe Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, in the wake of the...
David Glass/AP Images
On the campaign trailChelsea Clinton (left), first lady Hillary Rodham Clinton, and U.S. Pres. Bill Clinton...
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
George W. BushRepublican candidate George W. Bush campaigns in South Carolina in 2000.
Mark Wilson/Getty Images
September 11 attacksSmoke and flames erupting from the twin towers of New York City's World Trade Center...
Chao Soi Cheong/AP
Iraq WarExplosions illuminating the skies of Baghdad during the U.S.-led air bombardment...
Ali Heider/AP Images
John McCainU.S. Sen. John McCain giving a campaign speech at a rally near St. Louis, Missouri,...
© R. Gino Santa Maria/Shutterfree, Llc/Dreamstime.com
Economic recessionStore closings, one of the consequences of an economic recession, 2009.
© Carolyn Franks—Whitestar1955/Dreamstime.com
Julian AssangeWikiLeaks founder Julian Assange at a news conference, 2010.
Peter Macdiarmid/Getty Images News
Occupy Wall StreetDemonstrators at the Occupy Wall Street protest in New York City, October 10, 2011.
Timothy A. Clary—AFP/Getty Images
Mitt RomneyMassachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, 2010.
© Christopher Halloran/Shutterstock.com
Barack Obama votingU.S. Pres. Barack Obama voting in the 2012 general election.
Official White House Photo by Pete Souza
Migrant childrenU.S. Border Patrol agents processing a group of Central American migrants who entered...
© Charles Ommanney—Reportage/Getty Images
Raúl Castro and Barack ObamaU.S. Pres. Barack Obama (right) and Cuban Pres. Raúl Castro making televised addresses...
© Anthony Behar—Pool via CNP/DPA
Data breachRed unlock symbol, indicating a data breach or hack.
© weerapat1003/Fotolia
Baltimore riotsA protester walking through tear gas as police enforce a mandatory city-wide curfew...
© Andrew Burton/Getty Images
White HousePeople gathering in Lafayette Park to see the White House illuminated with rainbow...
© Mladen Antonov—AFP/Getty Images
Campaign of Donald TrumpDonald Trump campaigning in St. Louis, Missouri, March 11, 2016.
© Gino Santa Maria/Shutterstock.com
Bernie SandersU.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders campaigning in Phoenix, Arizona, March 19, 2016.
Gage Skidmore
Hillary ClintonHillary Clinton at a campaign rally, 2016.
© Joseph Sohm/Shutterstock.com
Donald Trump and Mike PenceDonald Trump and Mike Pence on election night in 2016. Their relationship grew strained...
John Locher/AP Images
Neil GorsuchU.S. Supreme Court justice Neil Gorsuch.
10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals
#MeTooYoung woman extending a card reading “#MeToo.”
© Fitz/Adobe Stock
Kim Jong-UnNorth Korean leader Kim Jong-Un, 2017.
KCNA/EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock.com
House Democratic women membersSpeaker of the House Nancy Pelosi (center, front row, white jacket) posing for photographs...
© Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images
Robert MuellerSpecial counsel Robert Mueller testifying before the U.S. Congress, 2019.
© Shutterstock.com
COVID-19 pandemic: testingHealth care workers test people for COVID-19 at a drive-through testing center in...
Bruce Bennett/Getty Images
COVID-19 vaccineA nurse administering a dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in Tampa, Florida, in...
Octavio Jones/Getty Images
Joe ManchinWest Virginia Sen. Joe Manchin, 2011.
Office of U.S. Senator Joe Manchin III
Joe Biden and Kamala HarrisU.S. Pres. Joe Biden speaking alongside Vice Pres. Kamala Harris during a press conference on...
Samuel Corum/Getty Images
Afghanistan airliftFamilies boarding a U.S. Air Force military transport aircraft at Hamid Karzai International...
U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. Samuel Ruiz/U.S. Department of Defense
Afghanistan airliftMore than 800 Afghan citizens crowding a U.S. Air Force military transport aircraft...
U.S. Air Force/U.S. Department of Defense
Russia-Ukraine WarPeople, mainly women and children, making their way through a railway station in...
Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images News
U.S. Pres. John AdamsJohn Adams, oil on canvas by Gilbert Stuart, c. 1800–15; in the National Gallery...
Courtesy National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; gift of Mrs. Robert Homans, 1954.7.1
John Quincy Adams.
© Archive Photos
Martin Van BurenU.S. Pres. Martin Van Buren.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Harrison, William HenryWilliam Henry Harrison, detail of an oil painting by Abel Nichols; in the Peabody...
Courtesy, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts/Essex Institute Collections
John TylerU.S. Pres. John Tyler, oil painting by Hart, c. 1841–45; in the Library of Virginia,...
The Library of Virginia
James K. PolkJames K. Polk, daguerreotype by Mathew Brady, 1849.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Zachary TaylorLibrary of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ62-13012)
Buchanan, JamesJames Buchanan, photograph by Mathew Brady.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln, photograph by Anthony Berger of the Mathew Brady Studio, February...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Abolitionist and presidentAs a lawyer in 1855, Chester A. Arthur, represented Lizzie Jennings, a Black woman,...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Grover ClevelandU.S. Pres. Grover Cleveland.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Benjamin HarrisonU.S. Pres. Benjamin Harrison, photograph by George Prince, 1888.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
William McKinleyU.S. Pres. William McKinley, c. 1896.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-USZ62-96358)
William Howard TaftU.S. Pres. William Howard Taft, 1909.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Warren G. HardingU.S. Pres. Warren G. Harding.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Calvin CoolidgeUndated photograph of U.S. Pres. Calvin Coolidge.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Harry S. TrumanThe 33rd U.S. president, Harry S. Truman led his country through the final stages...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-13033)
John F. KennedyU.S. Pres. John F. Kennedy.
© Arnie Sachs—Consolidated News Pictures/Archive Photos/Getty Images
Richard NixonU.S. Pres. Richard Nixon.
© Gianni Ferrari—Cover/Getty Images
Gerald FordGerald Ford was the only person to have served as U.S. vice president and U.S. president...
The Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum
Jimmy CarterU.S. Pres. Jimmy Carter.
Courtesy: Jimmy Carter Library
Ronald ReaganU.S. President Ronald Reagan.
Courtesy, The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
George BushU.S. Pres. George H.W. Bush.
© Wally McNamee—Corbis Historical/Getty Images
George W. BushU.S. Pres. George W. Bush.
Eric Draper/White House Photo
Barack ObamaBarack Obama.
Courtesy of the Office of U.S. Senator Barack Obama
Joe BidenOfficial portrait of Vice Pres. Joe Biden, 2012.
David Lienemann—Official White House Photo
U.S. Vice Pres. Aaron BurrAaron Burr, oil painting by John Vanderlyn, 1809; in the collection of the New-York...
Collection of The New-York Historical Society
U.S. Vice Pres. George ClintonGeorge Clinton, detail of an oil painting by Ezra Ames, 1814; in the collection of...
Collection of The New-York Historical Society
U.S. Vice Pres. Elbridge GerryElbridge Gerry, detail of an oil painting by James Bogle, 1861, after a portrait...
Courtesy of the Independence National Historical Park Collection, Philadelphia
Tompkins, Daniel D.Daniel D. Tompkins.
The New York Public Library Digital Collection; The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs (b13512824)
John CalhounJohn Calhoun, detail of a daguerreotype by Mathew Brady, c. 1849.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Richard JohnsonU.S. Vice Pres. Richard Johnson, lithograph portrait by Charles Fenderich, 1840.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Dallas, GeorgeGeorge Dallas, engraving by T.B. Welch.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
William Rufus de Vane King.
© Archive Photos
John C. BreckinridgeU.S. Vice Pres. John C. Breckinridge, photograph by Brady's National Photographic...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-DIG-ppmsca-79879)
Hamlin, HannibalHannibal Hamlin.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Colfax, SchuylerSchuyler Colfax.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Wilson, HenryHenry Wilson.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Wheeler, WilliamWilliam Wheeler.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Hendricks, ThomasVice president Thomas Hendricks.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Morton, LeviVice president Levi Morton.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Adlai StevensonU.S. Vice Pres. Adlai Stevenson, undated photograph.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-bellcm-03047)
Hobart, GarretVice president Garret Hobart, 1896.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Charles FairbanksIndiana Sen. Charles Fairbanks, c. 1904.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-29674)
James ShermanJames Sherman.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-DIG-hec-15676)
Charles G. DawesVice president Charles G. Dawes, 1925.
Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
John Nance GarnerU.S. Vice Pres. John Nance Garner, undated photograph.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Alben BarkleyU.S. vice president Alben Barkley.
© Archive Photos
Spiro AgnewU.S. vice president Spiro Agnew.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Walter MondaleWalter Mondale.
© Sonia Moskowitz—Images Press/Archive Photos/Getty Images
Dan Quayle.
© Diana Walker—The Chronicle Collection/Getty Images
Al GoreU.S. Vice President Al Gore.
© Jeffrey Markowitz—Sygma/Getty Images
Cheney, DickU.S. vice president Dick Cheney
The White House; photograph, David Bohrer
From author to vice presidentJ.D. Vance, shown here in 2023, was 31 years old when he wrote Hillbilly Elegy....
Office of U.S. Senator J.D. Vance
Abigail AdamsAbigail Adams, oil on canvas by Gilbert Stuart, 1800–15; in the National Gallery...
Courtesy National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Gift of Mrs. Robert Homans, 1954.7.2
Adams, LouisaLouisa Adams, oil on canvas by Charles Bird King, 1821–25.
ART Collection/Alamy
Arthur, EllenEllen Arthur.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. lc-usz62-25794)
Jill BidenJill Biden.
Ralph Alswang courtesy of The White House
Barbara BushFirst lady Barbara Bush, 1989.
George Bush Presidential Library
Laura BushFirst lady Laura Bush, 2002.
Susan Sterner/White House photo
Rosalynn CarterFirst lady Rosalynn Carter, shown in 1977, brought a practical, egalitarian sensibility...
White House photo/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZCN4-117)
Frances Cleveland.
MPI/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Coolidge, GraceGrace Coolidge, c. 1924.
Harris & Ewing Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Mamie Eisenhower.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Fillmore, AbigailAbigail Fillmore; engraving by H.B. Hall
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Betty FordFirst lady Betty Ford, 1974.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZC4-2019)
Lucretia GarfieldLucretia Garfield, who married James A. Garfield in 1858.
Brady-Handy Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Grant, JuliaJulia Grant
Brady-Handy Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Harding, FlorenceFlorence Harding
Underwood & Underwood Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Harrison, AnnaFirst lady Anna Harrison, oil painting by Cornelia Stuart Cassady, 1843.
© Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com
Harrison, CarolineCaroline Harrison.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC USZ 62 25798)
Hayes, LucyLucy Hayes, c. 1877; photograph by C.M. Bell.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Hoover, LouLou Hoover
Underwood & Underwood Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ62- 25811)
Rachel JacksonFirst lady Rachel Jackson, engraving by John Chester Buttre, 1883
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. 3a53325)
Silhouette of Martha Jefferson, the only known image of her.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Eliza JohnsonFirst lady Eliza Johnson, digitally colorized image of a c. 1883 engraving by John...
© North Wind Picture Archives
Lady Bird JohnsonFirst lady Lady Bird Johnson, 1967.
Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Museum; photograph, Robert Knudsen
Jacqueline KennedyJacqueline Kennedy, 1961.
White House photo/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Harriet LaneActing first lady Harriet Lane, undated photograph.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-USZ62-25788)
Mary Todd LincolnMary Todd Lincoln.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC USZ 62 15325)
Dolley MadisonDolley Madison, painting by Rembrandt Peale.
The Picture Art Collection/Alamy
McKinley, IdaIda McKinley.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Elizabeth MonroeFirst lady Elizabeth Monroe, illustration from Presiding Ladies of the White...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC-USZ61-1239)
Pat NixonFirst lady Pat Nixon, c. 1970s.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Michelle ObamaFirst Lady Michelle Obama posing for her official portrait, the first-ever first...
Joyce N. Boghosian/The White House
Jane PierceFirst lady Jane Pierce, engraving by John Chester Buttre, c. 1886.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. LC-USZ62-25787 DLC)
Sarah PolkFirst lady Sarah Polk.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-USZ62-25782)
Nancy ReaganFirst lady Nancy Reagan, 1983.
Everett Collection
Edith RooseveltFirst lady Edith Roosevelt, detail of a photograph, c. 1900–10.
Brady-Handy Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (LC-USZ62-25803)
Taft, HelenHelen Taft.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (neg. no. LC USZ 62 25804)
Truman, BessBess Truman
Harris & Ewing Collection/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-USZ62-25813)
Taking center stageMelania Trump speaking at the Republican National Convention, 2016.
Anthony Behar—Sipa USA/AP Images
Julia TylerFirst lady Julia Tyler, photographic print of oil on canvas painting by Francesco...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (file no. LC-DIG-hec-03116)
Letitia TylerFirst lady Letitia Tyler, c. 1835. Tyler was the first president's wife to die in...
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (reproduction no. LC-USZ62-25779C)
Hannah Van BurenFirst lady Hannah Van Buren; in the collection of the Martin Van Buren National Historic...
© Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com
Martha WashingtonFirst lady Martha Washington, colored lithograph, c. 1876.
© Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com
Ellen WilsonWoodrow Wilson's first wife, Ellen Wilson, c. 1912.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
AlabamaEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
AlaskaEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
ArizonaEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
HawaiiEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
IowaEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
state seal of NebraskaThe Nebraska state seal may only be used with the express written permission of the Nebraska Secretary of State
NevadaEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
New Mexico flagNew Mexico's first flag, adopted on March 19, 1915, was one of the few state flags...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
TexasEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
UtahEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Utah state flagFor more than a century the flag of Utah featured the state seal at its center. In...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Virginia state flagVirginia's flag, formally adopted in 1930, actually dates from the American Civil...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
WyomingEncyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Tornado AlleyMap of the average annual frequency of tornadoes in the United States, showing the...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
U.S. coal depositsCoal-bearing areas of the conterminous United States.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The Rio Grande basin and its drainage network.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
U.S. soil regionsSoil regions of the United States, showing areas covered by soil orders of the U.S....
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Alaska
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
(Top) Indigenous communities in Canada and (bottom) reservations in the United States.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Hispanic population by state in the United States, 2000.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Percent increase in U.S. Hispanic population by county, 1990–2000.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Plant Hardiness Zone MapThe 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture
Soil regions of the United States, showing areas covered by soil orders of the U.S....
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
Indian gamingU.S. states that allow Indian gaming.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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