Allows manipulation and formatting of text strings and determination and location of substrings within strings.
Syntax// Declaring a string literal.
var newString = "stringLiteral";
// Or, declaring a String object - discouraged, long, verbose and pretty useless.
var newString = new String([" stringLiteral "]);
JavaScript provides escape sequences that you can include in strings to create characters that you cannot type directly. For example, \t specifies a tab character. For more information, see Special Characters (JScript).
A string literal is zero or more characters enclosed in single or double quotation marks. A string literal has a primary (primitive) data type of string. A String object is created by using the new Operator , and has a data type of Object.
The following example shows that the data type of a string literal is not the same as that of a String object.
var strLit = "This is a string literal.";
var strObj = new String("This is a string object.");
document.write(typeof strLit);
document.write("<br/>");
document.write(typeof strObj);
When you call a method on a string literal, it is temporarily converted to a string wrapper object. The string literal is treated as though the new operator were used to create it.
The following example applies the toUpperCase method to a string literal.
var strLit = "This is a string literal.";
var result1 = strLit.toUpperCase();
var result2 = (new String(strLit)).toUpperCase();
document.write(result1);
document.write("<br/>");
document.write(result2);
In modern browsers (2011 onwards), you can access an individual character of a string as a read-only array-indexed property. The following example accesses individual string characters.
var str = "abcd";
var result = str[2];
document.write (result);
var result = "the"[0];
document.write(result);
The following table lists the properties of the String object.
Property Description constructor Specifies the function that creates an object. length Returns the length of a String object. prototype Returns a reference to the prototype for a class of objects. FunctionsThe following table lists the functions of the String object.
Function Description fromCharCode Returns a string from a number of Unicode character values. MethodsThe following table lists the methods of the String object.
Method Description HTML Tag Methods Places various HTML tags around text. charAt Returns the character at the specified index. charCodeAt Returns the Unicode encoding of the specified character. concat Returns a string that contains the concatenation of two supplied strings. indexOf Returns the character position where the first occurrence of a substring occurs within a string. lastIndexOf Returns the last occurrence of a substring within a string. localeCompare Returns a value that indicates whether two strings are equivalent in the current locale. match Searches a string by using a supplied Regular Expression object and returns the results as an array. replace Uses a regular expression to replace text in a string and returns the result. search Returns the position of the first substring match in a regular expression search. slice Returns a section of a string. split Returns the array of strings that results when a string is separated into substrings. substr Returns a substring beginning at a specified location and having a specified length. substring Returns the substring at a specified location within a String object. toLocaleLowerCase Returns a string in which all alphabetic characters are converted to lowercase, taking into account the host environment’s current locale. toLocaleUpperCase Returns a string in which all alphabetic characters are converted to uppercase, taking into account the host environment’s current locale. toLowerCase Returns a string in which all alphabetic characters are converted to lowercase. toString Returns the string. toUpperCase Returns a string in which all alphabetic characters are converted to uppercase. trim Returns a string with leading and trailing white space and line terminator characters removed. valueOf Returns the string. See also Other articles AttributionsMicrosoft Developer Network: Article
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