Overview of web technologies used by Github.com.
Website Background
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Description on Homepage
Top 1k among all websites
Popularity rank
GitHub Pages is a web page creation and hosting service by GitHub.
Jekyll is an open source static website generator written in Ruby by Tom Preston-Werner.
Jekyll 3.10.0
40% of sites use a newer version
used on a subdomain
Server-side Programming Languages
JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language.
JavaScript
used on a subdomain
Static websites don't use any server-side programming language for generating web pages, but deliver fixed content which is created manually or with an offline tool.
static files
used on a subdomain
Client-side Programming Language
JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.
jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.
jQuery 3.1.0
74% of sites use a newer version
used on a subdomain
Next.js is an open source JavaScript framework based on React and Node.js.
Next.js
used on a subdomain
Node.js is a server-side JavaScript environment for writing network programs such as web servers, originally developed by Ryan Dahl.
Node.js
used on a subdomain
GitHub offers project repository hosting and also site hosting services.
GitHub
hosting info partly based on data from ipinfo.io
GitHub offers project repository hosting and also site hosting services.
Fastly is a content delivery network.
Fastly
used on a subdomain
Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.
NS1 provides managed and private DNS services, owned by IBM.
Gmail is the email service provided by Google.
Mailgun is an email service provider.
Mailgun
used until recently
Sectigo (formerly Comodo CA) is a US-based SSL certificate authority.
DigiCert is an SSL certificate authority. This includes Verizon, whose Enterprise SSL Business has been acquired by DigiCert.
DigiCert
used until recently
JavaScript Content Delivery Networks
Google Hosted Libraries (formerly called Google Libraries API) is a content distribution network for the most popular, open-source JavaScript libraries, provided by Google.
Google Hosted Libraries
used on a subdomain
jsDelivr is a service for hosting JavaScript files.
jsDelivr
used on a subdomain
External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.
Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.
Embedded CSS
used on inner pages
Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.
Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.
Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 month and 1 year.
HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.
Non-HttpOnly cookies are used in the HTTP protocol and also in client side scripts, which may be a security threat.
Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.
Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.
Brotli is a lossless compression algorithm developed by Google.
Brotli Compression
used on a subdomain
A weak ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a semantically equivalent page in the cache.
The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.
IPv6
used on a subdomain
HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.
HTTP Strict Transport Security
The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.
The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.
Twitter/X Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to tweets.
Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.
JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.
JSON-LD
used on inner pages
Microdata is a specification to integrate metadata within existing content on web pages.
Microdata
used on inner pages
Microformats is a approach to semantic markup which uses (X)HTML tags to convey additional metadata.
Microformats
used on inner pages
HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.
UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.
PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.
WebP is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression, developed by Google.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.
JPEG
used on inner pages
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) is a lossless compression image format, originally introduced by CompuServe and suitable to store graphics, logos and simple animations.
GIF
used on inner pages
Commercial entities
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HTML:
3.2
| Encoding:
UTF-8
| Version:
0.7.4