size_type size() const noexcept;
Returns: A count of the number of char-like objects currently in the string.
Complexity: Constant time.
size_type length() const noexcept;
size_type max_size() const noexcept;
Returns: The largest possible number of char-like objects that can be stored in a basic_string.
Complexity: Constant time.
void resize(size_type n, charT c);
Throws: length_error if n > max_size().
Effects: Alters the length of the string designated by *this as follows:
If n <= size(), the function replaces the string designated by *this with a string of length n whose elements are a copy of the initial elements of the original string designated by *this.
If n > size(), the function replaces the string designated by *this with a string of length n whose first size() elements are a copy of the original string designated by *this, and whose remaining elements are all initialized to c.
void resize(size_type n);
Effects: As if by resize(n, charT()).
size_type capacity() const noexcept;
Returns: The size of the allocated storage in the string.
void reserve(size_type res_arg=0);
The member function reserve() is a directive that informs a basic_string object of a planned change in size, so that it can manage the storage allocation accordingly.
Effects: After reserve(), capacity() is greater or equal to the argument of reserve. [ Note: Calling reserve() with a res_arg argument less than capacity() is in effect a non-binding shrink request. A call with res_arg <= size() is in effect a non-binding shrink-to-fit request. — end note ]
Throws: length_error if res_arg > max_size().227
void shrink_to_fit();
Effects: shrink_to_fit is a non-binding request to reduce capacity() to size(). [ Note: The request is non-binding to allow latitude for implementation-specific optimizations. — end note ] It does not increase capacity(), but may reduce capacity() by causing reallocation.
Complexity: Linear in the size of the sequence.
Remarks: Reallocation invalidates all the references, pointers, and iterators referring to the elements in the sequence as well as the past-the-end iterator. If no reallocation happens, they remain valid.
void clear() noexcept;
Effects: Behaves as if the function calls:
erase(begin(), end());
bool empty() const noexcept;
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