An instance method accepts the self reference, which points to a specific object that shares attributes with the corresponding class. You can use that reference to access object attributes and class attributes, whereas the cls reference only lets you manipulate the class attributes.
It’s worth noting that self and cls are customary names, but you could very well use your own. Ultimately, it’s the decorators or their lack that determine what reference gets passed to a method.
So, to answer your question, you can use the first argument passed to an instance method (conventionally called self) to manipulate an object state as well as the class state.
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