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How to Install Python on Your System: A Guide – Real Python

Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: Python Basics: Setting Up Python

Installing Python on your system involves a few straightforward steps. First, check if Python is already installed by opening a command-line interface and typing python --version or python3 --version. You can install Python on Windows using the official installer from Python.org or through the Microsoft Store. On macOS, you can use the official installer or Homebrew. For Linux, use your package manager or build Python from source.

By the end of this tutorial, you’ll understand how to:

• Check if Python is installed by running python --version or python3 --version in a command-line interface.
• Upgrade Python by downloading and installing the latest version from Python.org.
• Install and manage multiple Python versions with pyenv to keep them separate.

This tutorial covers installing the latest Python on the most important platforms or operating systems, such as Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, and Android. However, it doesn’t cover all the existing Linux distributions, as that would be a massive task. Nevertheless, you’ll find instructions for the most popular distributions available today.

To get the most out of this tutorial, you should be comfortable using your operating system’s terminal or command line.

Free Bonus: Click here to get a Python Cheat Sheet and learn the basics of Python 3, like working with data types, dictionaries, lists, and Python functions.

Take the Quiz: Test your knowledge with our interactive “Python Installation and Setup” quiz. You’ll receive a score upon completion to help you track your learning progress:

Interactive Quiz

In this quiz, you'll test your understanding of how to install or update Python on your computer. With this knowledge, you'll be able to set up Python on various operating systems, including Windows, macOS, and Linux.

In this section, you’ll learn to check whether Python is installed on your Windows operating system (OS) and which version you have. You’ll also explore three installation options that you can use on Windows.

Note: In this tutorial, you’ll focus on installing the latest version of Python in your current operating system (OS) rather than on installing multiple versions of Python. If you want to install several versions of Python in your OS, then check out the Managing Multiple Python Versions With pyenv tutorial. Note that on Windows machines, you’d have to use pyenv-win instead of pyenv.

For a more comprehensive guide on setting up a Windows machine for Python programming, check out Your Python Coding Environment on Windows: Setup Guide.

To check whether you already have Python on your Windows machine, open a command-line application like PowerShell or the Windows Terminal.

Follow the steps below to open PowerShell on Windows:

1. Press the Win key.
2. Type PowerShell.
3. Press Enter.

Alternatively, you can right-click the Start button and select Windows PowerShell or Windows PowerShell (Admin). In some versions of Windows, you’ll find Terminal or Terminal (admin).

Note: To learn more about your options for the Windows terminal, check out Using the Terminal on Windows.

With the command line open, type in the following command and press the Enter key:

Using the --version switch will show you the installed version. Note that the 3.x.z part is a placeholder here. In your machine, x and z will be numbers corresponding to the specific version you have installed.

Alternatively, you can use the -V switch:

Using the python -V or python—-version command, you can check whether Python is installed on your system and learn what version you have. If Python isn’t installed on your OS, you’ll get an error message.

You’ll have different options to install Python if you’re on a Windows machine. Here are three popular ones:

1. The official Python installer for Windows: This approach involves downloading the Python installer directly from the Python.org website. It’s recommended for intermediate and advanced developers who need more control during the setup process.
2. The Microsoft Store: The quickest installation option on Windows involves using the Microsoft Store app. This is recommended for beginner Python programmers looking for an easy-to-set-up interactive experience.
3. The Windows subsystem for Linux (WSL): The WSL allows you to run a Linux environment directly on Windows.

In this section, you’ll focus on only the first two options, which are the most popular ones on Windows environments.

Note: You can also complete the installation on Windows using alternative distributions, such as Anaconda, but this tutorial covers only official distributions.

Anaconda is a popular platform for scientific computing and data science with Python. To learn how to install Anaconda on Windows, check out the Setting Up Python for Machine Learning on Windows tutorial.

If you want to install Python in the WSL, you can read the Linux-related sections of this tutorial after installing the Linux distribution of your choice.

For developers needing a full-featured Python development environment, installing from the official Python installer is recommended. It offers more customization and control over the installation process.

In this section, you’ll go through the necessary steps to install Python using the official installer from Python.org.

Follow the steps below to download the official Python installer from the Python.org site:

1. Open your browser and navigate to the downloads page for Windows on Python.org.
2. Under the Python Releases for Windows heading, click the link for the Latest Python 3 Release - Python 3.x.z.
3. Scroll to the bottom and select either Windows installer (64-bit) or Windows installer (32-bit).

If you aren’t sure whether to select the 32-bit or the 64-bit installer, then you can expand the box below to help you decide.

For Windows, you can choose either the 32-bit or the 64-bit installer. Here’s the difference between the two:

• If your system has a 32-bit processor, then you should choose the 32-bit installer. If you attempt to install the 64-bit version on a 32-bit processor, then you’ll get an error at the beginning, and the installation will fail.
• On a 64-bit system, either installer will work for most purposes. The 32-bit version will generally use less memory, but the 64-bit version performs better for applications with intensive computation.

If you’re unsure which version to pick, go with the 64-bit version.

If you have a 64-bit system and would like to switch from 64-bit Python to 32-bit (or vice versa), then you can just uninstall Python and then reinstall it by downloading the other installer.

When you finish downloading the installer, then you can move on to the next step.

Once you’ve chosen and downloaded an installer, run it by double-clicking on the file. An installation wizard like the one below will appear on your screen:

There are four important things to notice about this dialog box:

1. The default install path is in the AppData/ directory of the current Windows user.
2. The Customize installation button allows you to customize the installation location and some additional features, including installing pip and IDLE.
3. The Use admin privileges when installing py.exe allows every user on the machine access the py.exe launcher.
4. The Add python.exe to PATH checkbox is also unchecked by default. There are several reasons that you might not want Python on PATH, so make sure you understand the implications before you check this box.

As you can conclude, the official Python installer gives you granular control over the installation process on Windows.

Note: If you want the python command to work on your Windows machine, then it’s recommended that you activate the PATH check box.

Use the options in the dialog box to customize the installation to meet your needs. Then click Install. That’s it! You now have the latest version of Python 3 on your Windows machine!

If you’re interested in where the installation is located, then you can use the where.exe command in PowerShell:

Note that the where.exe command will work only if Python has been installed for your user account.

If you’re new to Python and focused primarily on learning the language rather than building professional software, then you can install Python from the Microsoft Store. The package there offers the shortest and easiest path to getting started with minimal hassle.

The Python installer in the Microsoft Store has some limitations. The official Python documentation has this to say about the Microsoft Store package:

The Microsoft Store package is an easily installable Python interpreter that is intended mainly for interactive use, for example, by students. (Source)

The key takeaway is that the Python package on the Microsoft Store is “intended mainly for interactive use.” It’s designed for students and people learning Python for the first time.

In addition to targeting beginning Pythonistas, the package on the Microsoft Store has limitations that make it ill-suited for a professional development environment. In particular, it doesn’t have full write access to shared locations such as TEMP or the registry.

Open the Microsoft Store app on your Windows machine and search for Python. You’ll likely see multiple versions that you can choose to install. Select the latest version of Python available in the store to open the installation page.

Note: Make sure that the Python application you’ve selected is by the Python Software Foundation (PSF), which is the organization behind Python’s development.

The official Python app on the Microsoft Store is free, so if the Python app costs you money, then it’s the wrong application.

Once on the Python application’s page, you’re ready to install Python on your system, which is the second step.

After you’ve selected the version to be installed, follow these steps to complete the installation:

1. Click the Get button.
2. Wait for the app to download and install.

Once the installation is complete, open Windows PowerShell and run the python --version command to confirm that Python is installed on your machine.

Along with the Python interpreter, you can access a few other tools, including pip and IDLE!

Python comes preinstalled on macOS. However, the installed version may not be the most recent one. To take advantage of Python’s latest features, you’ll need to download and install newer versions alongside the system one.

To check which Python version you have on your Mac, open a command-line application like Terminal.

Here’s how you open Terminal on macOS:

1. Press the Cmd+Space keys.
2. Type Terminal.
3. Press Enter.

Alternatively, you can open Finder and navigate to Go → Utilities → Terminal.

With the command line open, type in the following commands:

This command should respond with a version number. Alternatively, you can use the shorter -V switch, which has the same effect.

In practice, you’d want to get the latest version of Python if none of the above commands returns a version number or if you have a version of Python 3 that isn’t the latest available. Now, you can read through the following sections to learn about the different options for installing Python on macOS.

You’ll have two main options to install Python on macOS:

1. The official Python installer for macOS: This option involves downloading the official installer from the Python.org website and running it on your machine.
2. The Homebrew package manager: This option involves downloading and installing the Homebrew package manager if you don’t already have it and then running the required installation command in your terminal application.

The official Python installer and the Homebrew Python distribution will work, but the Python Software Foundation maintains only the official installer.

Note: You can also complete the installation on macOS using alternative Python distributions, such as Anaconda, but this tutorial covers only official distributions.

Anaconda is a popular platform for scientific computing and data science using Python. To learn how to install Anaconda on macOS, check out the macOS installation guide from the official Anaconda documentation.

Now that you know your option for installing Python on macOS, it’s time to get your hands dirty and go through the installation process.

The recommended and most reliable option for installing Python in macOS is to use the official installer from Python.org. This installer includes all the system dependencies you’d need to develop full-fledged applications with Python.

You can install Python in two steps using the official installer:

1. Open a browser window and navigate to the downloads page for macOS.
2. Under the Python Releases for macOS heading, click the link for the Latest Python 3 Release - Python 3.x.z.
3. Scroll to the bottom and click macOS 64-bit universal2 installer to start the download.

When the download is finished, move on to the next step.

Run the installer by double-clicking the downloaded file. You should see a window like the following:

Follow these on-screen steps to complete the installation:

1. Press Continue a couple of times until you’re asked to agree to the software license agreement. Then click Agree.
2. Select the install destination. You most likely won’t need to change the default location, so go ahead and click Install to start the installation.
3. When the installer is finished copying files, double-click the Install Certificates command in the finder window to ensure your SSL root certificates are updated.

You now have the latest version of Python on your macOS computer, and you’re ready to start coding cool apps!

The Homebrew package manager is another good option for installing Python on macOS. You can install Python using the Homebrew package manager in two steps, but first, you need to be aware of some limitations of the Python package on Homebrew.

The Python distribution available on Homebrew doesn’t include the Tcl/Tk dependency, which is required by the Tkinter module. Tkinter is the standard library module for developing graphical user interfaces in Python and is an interface for the Tk GUI toolkit, which isn’t part of Python.

Homebrew doesn’t install the Tk GUI toolkit dependency. Instead, it relies on an existing version installed on your system. The system version of Tcl/Tk may be outdated or missing entirely and could prevent you from using Tkinter.

Finally, note that the Python distribution on Homebrew isn’t maintained by the Python Software Foundation and could change at anytime.

If you already have Homebrew installed on your macOS system, then you can skip this step. If you don’t have it installed, then use the following procedure:

1. Open a browser and navigate to http://brew.sh/.
2. Copy the installation command under the Install Homebrew heading.
3. Open a terminal window and paste the command, then press Enter.
4. Enter your macOS user password when prompted.

Depending on your Internet connection speed, the process may take a few minutes to download all of Homebrew’s required files. Once the installation is complete, you’ll be back at the shell prompt in your terminal window.

Note: If you’re doing this on a fresh install of macOS, you may get a pop-up alert asking you to install Apple’s command line developer tools. These tools are necessary for installation, so you can confirm the dialog box by clicking Install.

After the developer tools are installed, you’ll need to press Enter to continue installing Homebrew.

Now that Homebrew is installed, you’re ready to install Python.

Installing Python with the Homebrew package manager is now as straightforward as running the following command:

This command will download, install, and set up the latest version of Python on your machine. You can make sure everything went correctly by testing if you can access Python from the terminal. If you get an error message, then go through the install steps again to make sure you have a working installation.

In this section, you’ll learn how to check which version of Python, if any, is on your Linux computer. You’ll also learn about the installation options to get the latest Python on Linux systems.

Most Linux distributions come with Python installed by default. In most cases, the installed version won’t be the latest Python. To find out which version of Python you have on Linux, open a terminal window and run the following command:

If you have Python on your machine, then this command will respond with a version number. Instead of --version, you can use the shorter -V switch:

Either of these switches will give you the version number of the Python installation that the command is associated with. If your current version is outdated, you’ll want to get the latest version of Python.

There are two main ways to install the official Python distribution on a Linux operating system:

1. Install from a package manager: This is the most common installation option on most Linux distributions. It involves running a command from the command line.
2. Build from source code: This option can be difficult because it involves running a series of commands from the command line as well as making sure you have the correct dependencies installed to build Python from its source code.

Not every Linux distribution has Python in their package repository. So, depending on your distribution, building Python from source code might be your only option.

Note: Because of the wide variety of Linux distributions out there, you won’t find an official installer that you can execute on your Linux system to install Python like you can on macOS and Windows.

If your Linux distribution includes Python in its list of available packages, you may realize that the version in the repository isn’t the latest version available on Python.org. In this situation, your only option to have the latest version is to build it from the source.

If you have a rolling release Linux distribution like Arch, Manjaro, openSUSE Tumbleweed, and others, then you’ll probably have the latest version of Python available for installation or update using the system’s package manager. In this situation, to update your Python, you’d only have to update the system with the appropriate commands.

Note: You can also complete the Python installation on Linux using alternative distributions or tools, such as Anaconda and pyenv.

The installation option boils down to whether your Linux has Python available in its software repository and whether you need to control the details of the installation.

You’ll have at least three reasons to choose to build Python from source code:

1. You need to install the latest version of Python or a version unavailable on your distribution’s repository.
2. You need to control how Python is compiled, such as when you want to lower the memory footprint on embedded systems.
3. You want to try out pre-release versions to explore new features.

You can run the steps in the following sections to complete the installation on your Linux machine.

To start, you need to clone the cpython repository from GitHub or get the Python source code from Python.org. If you go to the downloads page, then you’ll find the latest source for Python 3 at the top.

When you select the latest Python version, you’ll see a Files section at the bottom of the page. Select Gzipped source tarball and download it to your machine.

If you prefer to use your command line, then you can use wget to download the file to your current directory:

For this command to work, you must specify the version to download. When the tarball finishes downloading, there are a few things you’ll need to do to prepare your system for building Python.

There are a few distro-specific steps involved in building Python from source. The goal of this section is to prepare your system for building Python. Below, you’ll find specific steps for some popular Linux distributions.

First, update the list of available packages and upgrade them using the following commands:

Note that because you’re using the sudo command, you’ll be prompted to provide your root password.

Next, make sure you have all of the build requirements installed:

It’s okay if you already have some of these requirements installed on your system. You can execute the above commands, and any existing packages will be skipped.

Building from source is the most reliable way to install Python on openSUSE. To do that, you’ll need to install the development tools, which can be done in YaST via the menus or by using the zypper command as shown below:

This might take a while to complete as it installs several packages. So, feel free to grab a coffee and relax.

To prepare your Fedora system for building Python from sources, you should first update the system with the yum package manager:

Once yum finishes updating, you can install the necessary build dependencies with the following commands:

These commands will download and install all the required tools for compiling Python from its source code.

Once you have your system ready and the TAR file with the Python source code, you can unpack the source into a directory:

This command unpacks the source code into a directory named after the TAR file. Note that the TAR file will show a specific Python version rather than 3.x.z in your output.

Now you need to run the ./configure script to prepare the build:

The enable-optimizations flag will enable some optimizations within Python to make it run faster. Doing this may add twenty or thirty minutes to the compilation time. The with-ensurepip=install flag will install pip bundled with this installation.

Next, you build Python using the make command. The -j option allows you to tell make to split the building into parallel steps to speed up the compilation. Even with the parallel builds, this step can take several minutes:

Finally, you have to install your compiled version of Python. You’ll use the altinstall target here to avoid overwriting the system Python. You’ll need to run the following command as root:

The installation might take a while to finish. Once done, you can verify that Python is set up correctly.

Test that the command below returns the compiled version of Python:

Again, in your case, this command would need to be run using the specific version number.

You can also run the Python test suite to ensure everything works properly on your system. To do this, execute the following command:

You’ll probably want to find something else to do for a while, as your computer will be running tests for some time. If all the tests pass, then you can be confident that your brand-new Python build will work as expected!

The Pythonista app for iOS is a full-fledged Python development environment that you can run on your iPhone or iPad. It features a Python editor, technical documentation, and an interpreter, all rolled into a single app.

Pythonista is surprisingly fun to use. It’s a great little tool when you’re stuck without a laptop and want to work on your Python skills on the go. It comes with the complete Python standard library and includes full documentation you can browse offline.

To set up Pythonista, you need to download it from the iOS app store.

If you have an Android tablet or phone and want to practice Python on the go, then you have several options available.

For example, Pydroid 3 features an interpreter that you can use for REPL sessions. It also allows you to edit, save, and execute Python code. It has a free version and also a paid Premium version that supports code prediction and code analysis.

If you want to try out Python without installing it on your machine, then you’ll find several websites offering an online Python interpreter and some related functionalities. Here’s a quick list of these tools:

• Python.org Online Console
• Replit (formerly Repl.it)
• Python Fiddle
• Trinket
• Python Anywhere
• PyScript and pyscript.com

These online Python interpreters may not be able to execute complex code, but they should be adequate for basic code examples, which could be a nice way to get started.

You now know how to install the latest version of Python on your operating system. Your Python programming journey is just beginning.

In this tutorial, you’ve learned how to:

• Check which version of Python is installed on your system
• Install the latest version of Python on Windows, macOS, and Linux
• Use Python on mobile devices like phones or tablets
• Use Python on the Web with online interpreters

You’re now ready to get started programming in Python!

Take the Quiz: Test your knowledge with our interactive “Python Installation and Setup” quiz. You’ll receive a score upon completion to help you track your learning progress:

Interactive Quiz

In this quiz, you'll test your understanding of how to install or update Python on your computer. With this knowledge, you'll be able to set up Python on various operating systems, including Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Now that you have some experience with installing Python on your system, you can use the questions and answers below to check your understanding and recap what you’ve learned.

These FAQs are related to the most important concepts you’ve covered in this tutorial. Click the Show/Hide toggle beside each question to reveal the answer.

You can check if Python is installed by opening your terminal or command prompt and typing python --version or python3 --version. If Python is installed, you’ll see a version number.

On Windows, you can use the official Python installer or the Microsoft Store. On macOS, you can use the official installer or Homebrew. On Linux, you can install Python from your package manager or build it from source.

To upgrade Python, download the latest version from Python.org and install it over your existing version, or use your system’s package manager to update Python to the latest version available.

Yes, you can install multiple versions of Python on the same machine by using tools like pyenv on macOS and Linux, or pyenv-win on Windows, to manage different versions.

You can manage Python environments and versions using tools like venv for creating virtual environments and pyenv for managing multiple Python versions on your system.

Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: Python Basics: Setting Up Python

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