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Showing content from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35897099/ below:

Factors associated with delay in seeking care for breast symptoms

doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01898-5. Factors associated with delay in seeking care for breast symptoms Maya Mazuwin Yahya^{3 4 5}, Norsa'adah Bachok^{6 2}, Wan Zainira Wan Zain^{1 7}, Michael Pak-Kai Wong^{1 2}, Zaidi Zakaria^{1 2}, Siti Rahmah Hashim Isa Merican^{1 2}, Mohd Nizam Md Hashim^{1 2}, Wan Mokhzani Wan Mokhter^{1 2}, Rosnelifaizur Ramely^{1 2}, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria^{1 2}, Ikhwan Sani Mohamad^{1 2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
² School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
³ Department of Surgery, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. mazuwin@usm.my.
⁴ Breast Awareness and Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. mazuwin@usm.my.
⁵ School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia. mazuwin@usm.my.
⁶ Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
⁷ Breast Awareness and Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

PMID: 35897099
PMCID: PMC9331147
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01898-5

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Factors associated with delay in seeking care for breast symptoms

Jien Yen Soh et al. BMC Womens Health. 2022.

doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01898-5. Authors Jien Yen Soh^{1 2}, Maya Mazuwin Yahya^{3 4 5}, Norsa'adah Bachok^{6 2}, Wan Zainira Wan Zain^{1 7}, Michael Pak-Kai Wong^{1 2}, Zaidi Zakaria^{1 2}, Siti Rahmah Hashim Isa Merican^{1 2}, Mohd Nizam Md Hashim^{1 2}, Wan Mokhzani Wan Mokhter^{1 2}, Rosnelifaizur Ramely^{1 2}, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria^{1 2}, Ikhwan Sani Mohamad^{1 2} Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
² School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
³ Department of Surgery, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. mazuwin@usm.my.
⁴ Breast Awareness and Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. mazuwin@usm.my.
⁵ School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia. mazuwin@usm.my.
⁶ Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
⁷ Breast Awareness and Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

PMID: 35897099
PMCID: PMC9331147
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01898-5

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Early detection and intervention are associated with better prognosis and survival. The study aim was to investigate the factors associated with delayed presentation among women with breast symptoms.

Methods: After ethics approval, a cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2020 in women with new breast cancer symptoms at their first visit to our clinic. The "Delayed Presentation" questionnaires in the Malay language were used and distributed among the participants. Demographic data and presentation time were recorded. Presentation time was defined as the duration of symptoms prior to visiting any health care facilities. Respondents with presentation times > 90 days comprised the delayed group. The potential factors associated with the delayed presentation were analyzed using cross-tabulation and multiple logistic regression.

Results: There were 106 respondents to the questionnaire, with a mean age of 34.0 (SD: 11.2) years, and 73.6% (n = 78) were < 39 years old. A total of 35.8% (n = 38) visited the local government clinic first and only 28.3% (n = 30) came to the BestARi clinic directly. The reasons for presentation were a palpable breast lump on breast self-examination (75.5%, n = 80), mastalgia (15.1%, n = 16), nipple discharge (5.7%, n = 6), skin changes (0.9%, n = 1), and others (2.8%, n = 3). Among the respondents, 10.4% (n = 11) had alternative treatments prior to presentation to a hospital. The mean presentation time was 98.9 (SD: 323.7) days. Most of the participants (61.3%, n = 65) presented to us within 1 month. The delayed presentation group accounted for 19.8% (n = 21) of the respondents. The factor that was significantly associated with delayed presentation was the participants' perception of symptoms as not dangerous (adjusted OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.11, 8.38).

Conclusions: The percentage of delayed presentations among our patients was lower than the percentage reported in a previous study. Interpretation of a symptom as harmless by the respondent was the only factor significantly associated with delayed presentation.

Keywords: Breast Neoplasms; Community; Education; Women.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in association with the present study.

Figures
Fig. 1

Study framework integrated with Total…

Fig. 1

Study framework integrated with Total Patient Delay by Andersen and Cacioppo [7]

Fig. 1

Study framework integrated with Total Patient Delay by Andersen and Cacioppo [7]