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Showing content from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34084745/ below:

The Value of PETRA in Pulmonary Nodules of <3 cm Among Patients With Lung Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649625. eCollection 2021. The Value of PETRA in Pulmonary Nodules of <3 cm Among Patients With Lung Cancer

Affiliations

Affiliation

¹ Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

PMID: 34084745
PMCID: PMC8167054
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649625

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The Value of PETRA in Pulmonary Nodules of <3 cm Among Patients With Lung Cancer

Hui Feng et al. Front Oncol. 2021.

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649625. eCollection 2021. Affiliation

¹ Department of Radiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

PMID: 34084745
PMCID: PMC8167054
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649625

Item in Clipboard

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the visibility of different subgroups of lung nodules of <3 cm using the pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA) sequence on 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with that obtained using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).

Methods: The appropriate detection rate was calculated for each of the different subgroups of lung nodules of <3 cm. The mean diameter of each detected nodule was determined. The detection rates and diameters of the lung nodules detected by MRI with the PETRA sequence were compared with those detected by computed tomography (CT). The sensitivity of detection for the different subgroups of pulmonary nodules was determined based on the location, size, type of nodules and morphologic characteristics. Agreement of nodule characteristics between CT and MRI were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa test.

Results: The CT scans detected 256 lung nodules, comprising 99 solid nodules (SNs) and 157 subsolid nodules with a mean nodule diameter of 8.3 mm. For the SNs, the MRI detected 30/47 nodules of <6 mm in diameter and 52/52 nodules of ≥6 mm in diameter. For the subsolid nodules, the MRI detected 30/51 nodules of <6 mm in diameter and 102/106 nodules of ≥6 mm in diameter. The PETRA sequence returned a high detection rate (84%). The detection rates of SN, ground glass nodules, and PSN were 82%, 72%, and 94%, respectively. For nodules with a diameter of >6 mm, the sensitivity of the PETRA sequence reached 97%, with a higher rate for nodules located in the upper lung fields than those in the middle and lower lung fields. Strong agreement was found between the CT and PETRA results (correlation coefficients = 0.97).

Conclusion: The PETRA technique had high sensitivity for different type of nodule detection and enabled accurate assessment of their diameter and morphologic characteristics. It may be an effective alternative to CT as a tool for screening and follow up pulmonary nodules.

Keywords: CT; MRI; PETRA; lung nodule; malignancy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures
Figure 1

A 50-year-old man with 8.8mm…

Figure 1

A 50-year-old man with 8.8mm GGN (arrow) in the right upper lobe. The…

Figure 1

A 50-year-old man with 8.8mm GGN (arrow) in the right upper lobe. The nodule is well depicted on the CT axial (A), coronal (B), and sagittal (C) image, and on the PETRA sequence axial (D), coronal (E), and sagittal (F) image. The arrows represent the locations of nodules.

Figure 2

A 52-year-old man with 14mm…

Figure 2

A 52-year-old man with 14mm PSN (arrow) in the left lower lobe. The…

Figure 2

A 52-year-old man with 14mm PSN (arrow) in the left lower lobe. The nodule is well visualized on the CT axial (A), coronal (B), and sagittal (C) image, and on the PETRA sequence axial (D), coronal (E), and sagittal (F) image. The arrows represent the locations of nodules.

Figure 3

Graph illustrating the result of…

Figure 3

Graph illustrating the result of ROC analyses. ROC analysis was performed according to…

Figure 3

Graph illustrating the result of ROC analyses. ROC analysis was performed according to the mean diameter of the nodules. ROC curve showed the diagnostic perfomance of PETRA sequence in detecting nodules, AUC=0.946. Nodules with a diameter greater than 6mm, the sensitivity and specificity of detecting are 85.5% and 99.5%.

Figure 4

A 54-year-old man with 5.5mm…

Figure 4

A 54-year-old man with 5.5mm GGN (arrow) in the right upper lobe. The…

Figure 4

A 54-year-old man with 5.5mm GGN (arrow) in the right upper lobe. The nodule is well visualized on the CT axial (A), coronal (B), and sagittal (C) image, and is not detected in the PETRA sequence (D–F). The arrows represent the locations of nodules.

Figure 5

Bland–Altman plot showing the agreement…

Figure 5

Bland–Altman plot showing the agreement between the nodule mean diameter measurements by CT…

Figure 5

Bland–Altman plot showing the agreement between the nodule mean diameter measurements by CT and PETRA for GGN (A), PSN (B) and (C) SN respectively. Dashed lines denote 95%CI, and solid lines denote mean.