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Racial and Ethnic Disparities Among COVID-19 Cases in Workplace Outbreaks by Industry Sector - Utah, March 6-June 5, 2020

• PMID: 32817604
• PMCID: PMC7439983
• DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6933e3

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David P Bui et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020.

• PMID: 32817604
• PMCID: PMC7439983
• DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6933e3

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Improved understanding of the overall distribution of workplace coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks by industry sector could help direct targeted public health action; however, this has not been described. The Utah Department of Health (UDOH) analyzed COVID-19 surveillance data to describe workplace outbreaks by industry sectors. In this report, workplaces refer to non-health care, noncongregate-living, and noneducational settings. As of June 5, 2020, UDOH reported 277 COVID-19 outbreaks, 210 (76%) of which occurred in workplaces. Approximately 12% (1,389 of 11,448) of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Utah were associated with workplace outbreaks. The 210 workplace outbreaks occurred in 15 of 20 industry sectors;* nearly one half of all workplace outbreaks occurred in three sectors: Manufacturing (43; 20%), Construction (32; 15%) and Wholesale Trade (29; 14%); 58% (806 of 1,389) of workplace outbreak-associated cases occurred in these three sectors. Although 24% of Utah's workforce in all 15 affected sectors identified as Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) or a race other than non-Hispanic white (nonwhite^†) (1), 73% (970 of 1,335) of workplace outbreak-associated COVID-19 cases were in persons who identified as Hispanic or nonwhite. Systemic social inequities have resulted in the overrepresentation of Hispanic and nonwhite workers in frontline occupations where exposure to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, might be higher (2); extra vigilance in these sectors is needed to ensure prevention and mitigation strategies are applied equitably and effectively to workers of racial and ethnic groups disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Health departments can adapt workplace guidance to each industry sector affected by COVID-19 to account for different production processes and working conditions.

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All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.

Percentage point difference between the percentage…

Percentage point difference between the percentage of workers with workplace outbreak-associated COVID-19 who are…

Percentage point difference between the percentage of workers with workplace outbreak-associated COVID-19 who are Hispanic/Latino and nonwhite and the percentage of Hispanic/Latino and nonwhite workers within the entire industry workforce, by industry sector — Utah, March 6–June 5, 2020 Abbreviation: COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019. * Sectors are sorted on absolute disparity between the percentage of Hispanic/Latino and nonwhite workers among workplace outbreak cases and the percentage of Hispanic/Latino and nonwhite workers in the overall industry workforce, in descending order. ^† Nonwhite includes the following (all non-Hispanic): black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, two or more races, or other race groups. ^§ Sector workforce demographics from U.S. Census Quarterly Workforce Indicators, Utah 2019 (third quarter); https://qwiexplorer.ces.census.gov/static/explore.html . ^¶ Industry sectors are based on the North American Industry Classification System ( https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/ ). Because of small case numbers and similarities in sector processes and settings, Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services and Information sectors were combined into a single category, as were Finance and Insurance, Real Estate, Rental and Leasing, and Public Administration.

• Disparities in Incidence of COVID-19 Among Underrepresented Racial/Ethnic Groups in Counties Identified as Hotspots During June 5-18, 2020 - 22 States, February-June 2020.

  Moore JT, Ricaldi JN, Rose CE, Fuld J, Parise M, Kang GJ, Driscoll AK, Norris T, Wilson N, Rainisch G, Valverde E, Beresovsky V, Agnew Brune C, Oussayef NL, Rose DA, Adams LE, Awel S, Villanueva J, Meaney-Delman D, Honein MA; COVID-19 State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Response Team. Moore JT, et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Aug 21;69(33):1122-1126. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6933e1. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020. PMID: 32817602 Free PMC article.

• Race, Ethnicity, and Age Trends in Persons Who Died from COVID-19 - United States, May-August 2020.

  Gold JAW, Rossen LM, Ahmad FB, Sutton P, Li Z, Salvatore PP, Coyle JP, DeCuir J, Baack BN, Durant TM, Dominguez KL, Henley SJ, Annor FB, Fuld J, Dee DL, Bhattarai A, Jackson BR. Gold JAW, et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Oct 23;69(42):1517-1521. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6942e1. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020. PMID: 33090984 Free PMC article.

• Disparities in COVID-19 Incidence, Hospitalizations, and Testing, by Area-Level Deprivation - Utah, March 3-July 9, 2020.

  Lewis NM, Friedrichs M, Wagstaff S, Sage K, LaCross N, Bui D, McCaffrey K, Barbeau B, George A, Rose C, Willardson S, Carter A, Smoot C, Nakashima A, Dunn A. Lewis NM, et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Sep 25;69(38):1369-1373. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6938a4. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020. PMID: 32970656 Free PMC article.

• Industry Sectors Highly Affected by Worksite Outbreaks of Coronavirus Disease, Los Angeles County, California, USA, March 19-September 30, 2020.

  Contreras Z, Ngo V, Pulido M, Washburn F, Meschyan G, Gluck F, Kuguru K, Reporter R, Curley C, Civen R, Terashita D, Balter S, Halai UA. Contreras Z, et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27(7):1769-1775. doi: 10.3201/eid2707.210425. Epub 2021 May 12. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021. PMID: 33979564 Free PMC article. Review.

• COVID-19 in non-healthcare workplace settings in NSW, Australia.

  Khanlari S, Johnstone T, Witteveen-Roberts A, Nassar N; NSW Public Health Network. Khanlari S, et al. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2022 Dec;46(6):751-757. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.13309. Epub 2022 Oct 3. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2022. PMID: 36190190 Free PMC article.

• A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak investigation at a storage and distribution centre in England: an assessment of worker- and workplace-related risk factors.

  Raja AI, Nicholls G, Coldwell M, van Veldhoven K, Sandys V, Atkinson B, Nicholls I, Spencer A, Graham A, Higgins H, Atchison C, Keen C, Fletcher T, Pearce N, Brickley EB, Chen Y. Raja AI, et al. Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 26;14(1):9561. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60194-4. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 38671031 Free PMC article.

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