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Showing content from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29338956/ below:

Gender Identity Disparities in Cancer Screening Behaviors

. 2018 Mar;54(3):385-393. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.11.009. Epub 2018 Jan 12. Gender Identity Disparities in Cancer Screening Behaviors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address: tabaacar@vcu.edu.
² Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
³ Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
⁴ Center for American Progress, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.

PMID: 29338956
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.11.009

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Gender Identity Disparities in Cancer Screening Behaviors

Ariella R Tabaac et al. Am J Prev Med. 2018 Mar.

. 2018 Mar;54(3):385-393. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.11.009. Epub 2018 Jan 12. Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address: tabaacar@vcu.edu.
² Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
³ Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
⁴ Center for American Progress, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.

PMID: 29338956
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.11.009

Item in Clipboard

Abstract

Introduction: Transgender (trans) and gender-nonconforming adults have reported reduced access to health care because of discrimination and lack of knowledgeable care. This study aimed to contribute to the nascent cancer prevention literature among trans and gender-nonconforming individuals by ascertaining rates of breast, cervical, prostate, and colorectal cancer screening behaviors by gender identity.

Methods: Publicly available de-identified data from the 2014-2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys were utilized to evaluate rates of cancer screenings by gender identity, while controlling for healthcare access, sociodemographics, and survey year. Analyses were conducted in 2017.

Results: Weighted chi-square tests identified significant differences in the proportion of cancer screening behaviors by gender identity among lifetime colorectal cancer screenings, Pap tests, prostate-specific antigen tests, discussing prostate-specific antigen test advantages/disadvantages with their healthcare provider, and up-to-date colorectal cancer screenings and Pap tests (p<0.036). Weighted logistic regressions found that although some differences based on gender identity were fully explained by covariates, trans women had reduced odds of having up-to-date colorectal cancer screenings compared to cisgender (cis) men (AOR=0.20) and cis women (AOR=0.24), whereas trans men were more likely to ever receive a sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy as compared to cis men (AOR=2.76) and cis women (AOR=2.65). Trans women were more likely than cis men to have up-to-date prostate-specific antigen tests (AOR=3.19). Finally, trans men and gender-nonconforming individuals had reduced odds of lifetime Pap tests versus cis women (AOR=0.14 and 0.08, respectively), and gender-nonconforming individuals had lower odds of discussing prostate-specific antigen tests than cis men (AOR=0.09; all p<0.05).

Conclusions: The findings indicate that gender identity disparities in cancer screenings persist beyond known sociodemographic and healthcare factors. It is critical that gender identity questions are included in cancer and other health-related surveillance systems to create knowledge to better inform healthcare practitioners and policymakers of appropriate screenings for trans and gender-nonconforming individuals.

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