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Showing content from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21727896/ below:

Aging and functional brain networks

. 2012 May;17(5):471, 549-58. doi: 10.1038/mp.2011.81. Epub 2011 Jul 5. Aging and functional brain networks

Affiliations

Affiliation

¹ National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA. tomasi@bnl.gov

PMID: 21727896
PMCID: PMC3193908
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.81

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Aging and functional brain networks

D Tomasi et al. Mol Psychiatry. 2012 May.

. 2012 May;17(5):471, 549-58. doi: 10.1038/mp.2011.81. Epub 2011 Jul 5. Affiliation

¹ National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA. tomasi@bnl.gov

PMID: 21727896
PMCID: PMC3193908
DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.81

Item in Clipboard

Abstract

Aging is associated with changes in human brain anatomy and function and cognitive decline. Recent studies suggest the aging decline of major functional connectivity hubs in the 'default-mode' network (DMN). Aging effects on other networks, however, are largely unknown. We hypothesized that aging would be associated with a decline of short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) hubs in the DMN. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated resting-state data sets corresponding to 913 healthy subjects from a public magnetic resonance imaging database using functional connectivity density mapping (FCDM), a voxelwise and data-driven approach, together with parallel computing. Aging was associated with pronounced long-range FCD decreases in DMN and dorsal attention network (DAN) and with increases in somatosensory and subcortical networks. Aging effects in these networks were stronger for long-range than for short-range FCD and were also detected at the level of the main functional hubs. Females had higher short- and long-range FCD in DMN and lower FCD in the somatosensory network than males, but the gender by age interaction effects were not significant for any of the networks or hubs. These findings suggest that long-range connections may be more vulnerable to aging effects than short-range connections and that, in addition to the DMN, the DAN is also sensitive to aging effects, which could underlie the deterioration of attention processes that occurs with aging.

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Figures
Fig 1

Fig 1A: Surface rendering showing…

Fig 1

Fig 1A: Surface rendering showing the distribution of short- and long-range FCD hubs…

Fig 1

Fig 1A: Surface rendering showing the distribution of short- and long-range FCD hubs in the human brain. Color maps reflect the average number of functional connections to neighbor (short-range) or remote (long-range) voxels across 913 healthy subjects. Threshold used to compute short- and long-range FCD: R > 0.6. The images were created using the Computerized Anatomical Reconstruction and Editing Toolkit (CARET) 5.0 ( http://brainvis.wustl.edu/wiki/index.php/Caret:About ). B: Scatter plots depicting the linear association between short- and long-range FCD in four cortical networks (axial views). C: Scatter plots depicting the linear association between short- and long-range FCD in three subcortical networks (axial views).

Fig 2

Fig 2A: Statistical significance (T-score)…

Fig 2

Fig 2A: Statistical significance (T-score) of the correlation between long-range FCD and age…

Fig 2

Fig 2A: Statistical significance (T-score) of the correlation between long-range FCD and age across 913 healthy subjects, overlaid on the surface of the Colin template. Statistical significance of correlations with age for B: short-range and C: long-range FCD superimposed on MRI axial views of the human brain.

Fig 3

Scatter plots showing age-related changes…

Fig 3

Scatter plots showing age-related changes in short- and long-range FCD. Average FCD values…

Fig 3

Scatter plots showing age-related changes in short- and long-range FCD. Average FCD values across voxels in cortical and subcortical networks (A) and at the location of major cortical and subcortical hubs (B). Lines are linear fits of the data. Sample: 913 subjects.

Fig 4

Average values for short- (left)…

Fig 4

Average values for short- (left) and long-range (right) FCD across subjects and voxels…

Fig 4

Average values for short- (left) and long-range (right) FCD across subjects and voxels in seven major networks (A) and hubs (B) for males (N = 408) and females (N = 505). Error bars are standard errors of the mean. (*) Statistical significance for gender differences: P < 0.005.