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PHP: array_unique - Manual

array_unique

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

array_uniqueRemoves duplicate values from an array

Description

Note that keys are preserved. If multiple elements compare equal under the given flags, then the key and value of the first equal element will be retained.

Note: Two elements are considered equal if and only if (string) $elem1 === (string) $elem2, i.e. when the string representation is the same, the first element will be used.

Parameters
array

The input array.

flags

The optional second parameter flags may be used to modify the comparison behavior using these values:

Comparison type flags:

Return Values

Returns the filtered array.

Changelog Version Description 7.2.0 If flags is SORT_STRING, formerly array has been copied and non-unique elements have been removed (without packing the array afterwards), but now a new array is built by adding the unique elements. This can result in different numeric indexes. Examples

Example #1 array_unique() example

<?php

$input

= ["a" => "green", "red", "b" => "green", "blue", "red"];
$result = array_unique($input);
print_r($result);?>

The above example will output:

Array
(
    [a] => green
    [0] => red
    [1] => blue
)

Example #2 array_unique() and types

<?php

$input

= [4, "4", "3", 4, 3, "3"];
$result = array_unique($input);
var_dump($result);?>

The above example will output:

array(2) {
  [0] => int(4)
  [2] => string(1) "3"
}
Notes

Note: Note that array_unique() is not intended to work on multi dimensional arrays.

Ghanshyam Katriya(anshkatriya at gmail)

10 years ago

Create multidimensional array unique for any single key index.
e.g I want to create multi dimentional unique array for specific code

Code :


My array is like this,

<?php
$details
= array(
0 => array("id"=>"1", "name"=>"Mike", "num"=>"9876543210"),
1 => array("id"=>"2", "name"=>"Carissa", "num"=>"08548596258"),
2 => array("id"=>"1", "name"=>"Mathew", "num"=>"784581254"),
);
?>


You can make it unique for any field like id, name or num.

I have develop this function for same :


<?php
function unique_multidim_array($array, $key) {
$temp_array = array();
$i = 0;
$key_array = array();

foreach(

$array as $val) {
if (!
in_array($val[$key], $key_array)) {
$key_array[$i] = $val[$key];
$temp_array[$i] = $val;
}
$i++;
}
return
$temp_array;
}
?>

Now, call this function anywhere from your code,

something like this,


<?php
$details
= unique_multidim_array($details,'id');
?>

Output will be like this :
<?php
$details
= array(
0 => array("id"=>"1","name"=>"Mike","num"=>"9876543210"),
1 => array("id"=>"2","name"=>"Carissa","num"=>"08548596258"),
);
?>
Sbastien

3 years ago

Because of PHP comparaisons modalities, you can never distinguish null from others falsy values.
Note the absorbing nature of true and false booleans in mix types array.

<?php

$a

= [true, false, null, '', '0', '123', 0, 123];
foreach ([
'SORT_REGULAR', 'SORT_NUMERIC', 'SORT_STRING', 'SORT_LOCALE_STRING'] as $flag) {
$a_new = array_unique($a, constant($flag));
echo
"{$flag} ==> ";
var_dump($a_new);
}

Mike D. - michal at euro-net.pl

2 years ago

modified code originally posted by Ghanshyam Katriya(anshkatriya at gmail) [highest voted comment here].

1. In php 7.4 counter $i breaks the function. Removed completely (imo was waste of keystrokes anyway).


2. I added second return value - array of duplicates. So you can take both and compare them (I had to).

Example array (copy-paste from original post):


<?php
$details
= array(
0 => array("id"=>"1", "name"=>"Mike", "num"=>"9876543210"),
1 => array("id"=>"2", "name"=>"Carissa", "num"=>"08548596258"),
2 => array("id"=>"1", "name"=>"Mathew", "num"=>"784581254"),
);
?>

Function:


<?php
function unique_multidim_array($array, $key) : array {
$uniq_array = array();
$dup_array = array();
$key_array = array();

foreach(

$array as $val) {
if (!
in_array($val[$key], $key_array)) {
$key_array[] = $val[$key];
$uniq_array[] = $val;
} else {
$dup_array[] = $val;
}
}
return array(
$uniq_array, $dup_array, );
}
?>

Usage:


<?php
list($unique_addresses, $duplicates, ) = unique_multidim_array($details,'id');
?>

Then:
var_dump($unique_addresses);
or
var_dump($duplicates);
or foreach or whatever. Personally I just echo-ed 1st and then 2nd (both DOUBLE COMMENTED) list in function itself (then copied both to notepad++ and compared them - just to be 100% sure), but in case you want to do something else with it - enjoy :)
Plus - as a bonus - you also get an array of UNIQUE keys you searched for (just uncomment >$key_array< in both: function return and function call code).

From example array code returns:


var_dump($unique_addresses);
array(2) {
[0]=>
array(3) {
["id"]=>
string(1) "1"
["name"]=>
string(4) "Mike"
["num"]=>
string(10) "9876543210"
}
[1]=>
array(3) {
["id"]=>
string(1) "2"
["name"]=>
string(7) "Carissa"
["num"]=>
string(11) "08548596258"
}
}

var_dump($duplicates);


array(1) {
[0]=>
array(3) {
["id"]=>
string(1) "1"
["name"]=>
string(6) "Mathew"
["num"]=>
string(9) "784581254"
}
}

Plus keys, if you want.

P.S.: in my - practical - case of DB querying I got around 4k uniques and 15k dupes :)

falundir at gmail dot com

7 years ago

I find it odd that there is no version of this function which allows you to use a comparator callable in order to determine items equality (like array_udiff and array_uintersect). So, here's my version for you:

<?php
function array_uunique(array $array, callable $comparator): array {
$unique_array = [];
do {
$element = array_shift($array);
$unique_array[] = $element;$array = array_udiff(
$array,
[
$element],
$comparator
);
} while (
count($array) > 0);

return

$unique_array;
}
?>


And here is a test code:

<?php
class Foo {

public

$a;

public function

__construct(int $a) {
$this->a = $a;
}
}
$array_of_objects = [new Foo(2), new Foo(1), new Foo(3), new Foo(2), new Foo(2), new Foo(1)];$comparator = function (Foo $foo1, Foo $foo2): int {
return
$foo1->a <=> $foo2->a;
};
var_dump(array_uunique($array_of_objects, $comparator)); ?>

Anonymous

15 years ago

It's often faster to use a foreache and array_keys than array_unique:

<?php

$max

= 1000000;
$arr = range(1,$max,3);
$arr2 = range(1,$max,2);
$arr = array_merge($arr,$arr2); $time = -microtime(true);
$res1 = array_unique($arr);
$time += microtime(true);
echo
"deduped to ".count($res1)." in ".$time;
$time = -microtime(true);
$res2 = array();
foreach(
$arr as $key=>$val) {
$res2[$val] = true;
}
$res2 = array_keys($res2);
$time += microtime(true);
echo
"<br />deduped to ".count($res2)." in ".$time;
?>

stoff@

8 years ago

In reply to performance tests array_unique vs foreach.

In PHP7 there were significant changes to Packed and Immutable arrays resulting in the performance difference to drop considerably. Here is the same test on php7.1 here;


http://sandbox.onlinephpfunctions.com/code/2a9e986690ef8505490489581c1c0e70f20d26d1

$max = 770000; //large enough number within memory allocation


$arr = range(1,$max,3);
$arr2 = range(1,$max,2);
$arr = array_merge($arr,$arr2);

$time = -microtime(true);


$res1 = array_unique($arr);
$time += microtime(true);
echo "deduped to ".count($res1)." in ".$time;
// deduped to 513333 in 1.0876770019531

$time = -microtime(true);


$res2 = array();
foreach($arr as $key=>$val) {
$res2[$val] = true;
}
$res2 = array_keys($res2);
$time += microtime(true);
echo "<br />deduped to ".count($res2)." in ".$time;
// deduped to 513333 in 0.054931879043579
Victoire Nkolo at crinastudio.com

2 years ago

<?phpclass ArrayFilter
{

public static function

dedupe_array_of_objets(array $array, string $property) : array
{
$i = 0;
$filteredArray = array();
$keyArray = array();

foreach(

$array as $item) {
if (!
in_array($item->$property, $keyArray)) {
$keyArray[$i] = $item->$property;
$filteredArray[$i] = $item;
}
$i++;
}
return
$filteredArray;
}
}
calexandrepcjr at gmail dot com

8 years ago

Following the Ghanshyam Katriya idea, but with an array of objects, where the $key is related to object propriety that you want to filter the uniqueness of array:

<?php
function obj_multi_unique($obj, $key = false)
{
$totalObjs = count($obj);
if (
is_array($obj) && $totalObjs > 0 && is_object($obj[0]) && ($key && !is_numeric($key))) {
for (
$i = 0; $i < $totalObjs; $i++) {
if (isset(
$obj[$i])) {
for (
$j = $i + 1; $j < $totalObjs; $j++) {
if (isset(
$obj[$j]) && $obj[$i]->{$key} === $obj[$j]->{$key}) {
unset(
$obj[$j]);
}
}
}
}
return
array_values($obj);
} else {
throw new
Exception('Invalid argument or your array of objects is empty');
}
}
?>

Ray dot Paseur at SometimesUsesGmail dot com

17 years ago

I needed to identify email addresses in a data table that were replicated, so I wrote the array_not_unique() function:

<?phpfunction array_not_unique($raw_array) {
$dupes = array();
natcasesort($raw_array);
reset ($raw_array);$old_key = NULL;
$old_value = NULL;
foreach (
$raw_array as $key => $value) {
if (
$value === NULL) { continue; }
if (
$old_value == $value) {
$dupes[$old_key] = $old_value;
$dupes[$key] = $value;
}
$old_value = $value;
$old_key = $key;
}
return
$dupes;
}
$raw_array = array();
$raw_array[1] = 'abc@xyz.com';
$raw_array[2] = 'def@xyz.com';
$raw_array[3] = 'ghi@xyz.com';
$raw_array[4] = 'abc@xyz.com'; $common_stuff = array_not_unique($raw_array);
var_dump($common_stuff);
?>

free dot smilesrg at gmail dot com

2 years ago

$a = new StdClass();
$b = new StdClass();

var_dump(array_unique([$a, $b, $b, $a], SORT_REGULAR));


//array(1) {
// [0]=>
// object(stdClass)#1 (0) {
// }
//}

$a->name = 'One';


$b->name = 'Two';

var_dump(array_unique([$a, $b, $b, $a], SORT_REGULAR));

//array(2) {


// [0]=>
// object(stdClass)#1 (1) {
// ["name"]=>
// string(3) "One"
// }
// [1]=>
// object(stdClass)#2 (1) {
// ["name"]=>
// string(3) "Two"
// }
//}
contact at evoweb dot fr

4 years ago

Here is a solution to make unique values keeping empty values for an array with keys :

<?php
function array_unique_kempty($array) {
$values = array_unique($array);
$return = array_combine(array_keys($array), array_fill(0,count($array),null));
return
array_merge($return,$values);
}
$myArray = [
"test1" => "aaa",
"test2" => null,
"test3" => "aaa",
"test4" => "bbb",
"test5" => null,
"test6" => "ccc",
"test7" => "ddd",
"test8" => "ccc"
];

echo

"<pre>".print_r(array_unique_kempty($myArray),true)."</pre>";?>

mnbayazit

17 years ago

Case insensitive; will keep first encountered value.

<?php function array_iunique($array) {
$lowered = array_map('strtolower', $array);
return
array_intersect_key($array, array_unique($lowered));
}
?>

PHP Expert

17 years ago

Case insensitive for PHP v4.x and up.

<?php function in_iarray($str, $a) {
foreach (
$a as $v) {
if (
strcasecmp($str, $v) == 0) {
return
true;
}
}
return
false;
}

function

array_iunique($a) {
$n = array();
foreach (
$a as $k => $v) {
if (!
in_iarray($v, $n)) {
$n[$k]=$v;
}
}
return
$n;
}
$input = array("aAa","bBb","cCc","AaA","ccC","ccc","CCC","bBB","AAA","XXX");
$result = array_iunique($input);
print_r($result); ?>

sashasimkin at gmail dot com

13 years ago

My object unique function:

<?php
function object_unique( $obj ){
$objArray = (array) $obj;$objArray = array_intersect_assoc( array_unique( $objArray ), $objArray );

foreach(

$obj as $n => $f ) {
if( !
array_key_exists( $n, $objArray ) ) unset( $obj->$n );
}

return

$obj;
}
?>


And these code:

<?php
class Test{
public
$pr0 = 'string';
public
$pr1 = 'string1';
public
$pr2 = 'string';
public
$pr3 = 'string2';
}
$obj = new Test;var_dump( object_unique( $obj ) );
?>


returns:
object(Test)[1]
public 'pr0' => string 'string' (length=6)
public 'pr1' => string 'string1' (length=7)
public 'pr3' => string 'string2' (length=7)
mostafatalebi at rocketmail dot com

11 years ago

If you find the need to get a sorted array without it preserving the keys, use this code which has worked for me:

<?php

$array

= array("hello", "fine", "good", "fine", "hello", "bye"); $get_sorted_unique_array = array_values(array_unique($array)); ?>


The above code returns an array which is both unique and sorted from zero.
Dorphalsig

17 years ago

I had a problem with array_unique and multidimensional arrays ... Maybe there's a better way to do this, but this will work for any dimensional arrays.

<?php
function arrayUnique($myArray)
{
if(!
is_array($myArray))
return
$myArray;

foreach (

$myArray as &$myvalue){
$myvalue=serialize($myvalue);
}
$myArray=array_unique($myArray);

foreach (

$myArray as &$myvalue){
$myvalue=unserialize($myvalue);
}

return

$myArray;

}


?>

agarcia at rsn dot com dot co

19 years ago

This is a script for multi_dimensional arrays

<?php
function remove_dup($matriz) {
$aux_ini=array();
$entrega=array();
for(
$n=0;$n<count($matriz);$n++)
{
$aux_ini[]=serialize($matriz[$n]);
}
$mat=array_unique($aux_ini);
for(
$n=0;$n<count($matriz);$n++)
{
$entrega[]=unserialize($mat[$n]);

}


return
$entrega;
}
?>

regeda at inbox dot ru

15 years ago

recursive array unique for multiarrays

<?php
function super_unique($array)
{
$result = array_map("unserialize", array_unique(array_map("serialize", $array)));

foreach (

$result as $key => $value)
{
if (
is_array($value) )
{
$result[$key] = super_unique($value);
}
}

return

$result;
}
?>

keneks at gmail dot com

18 years ago

Taking the advantage of array_unique, here is a simple function to check if an array has duplicate values.

It simply compares the number of elements between the original array and the array_uniqued array.

<?php function array_has_duplicates(array $array)
{
$uniq = array_unique($array);
return
count($uniq) != count($array);
}
?>

quecoder at gmail

16 years ago

another method to get unique values is :

<?php
$alpha
=array('a','b','c','a','b','d','e','f','f'); $alpha= array_keys(array_count_values($alpha)); print_r($alpha);
?>


Output:
Array ( [0] => a [1] => b [2] => c [3] => d [4] => e [5] => f )
jusvalceanu - SPAM at SPAM - yahoo dot com

16 years ago

so .... my problem was multidimensional sort.

<?php
$new
= array();
$exclude = array("");
for (
$i = 0; $i<=count($attribs)-1; $i++) {
if (!
in_array(trim($attribs[$i]["price"]) ,$exclude)) { $new[] = $attribs[$i]; $exclude[] = trim($attribs[$i]["price"]); }
}
?>


Array $attribs is an array contaning arrays. Each array in the $attrib array consists in multiple fields (ex: name, lenght, price, etc.) to be more simpler in speech think that $attrib is the array resulted by a search sql query done by a visitator on your online shoopping website ... (so ... each array in the $attrib is a product :P) if you want to sort only the uniq results use the above or use this:

<?php $attribs[] = array(
"name" => "Test Product 1",
"length" => "42 cm",
"weight" => "0,5 kg",
"price" => "10 $",
"stock" => "100",
);
$attribs[] = array(
"name" => "Test Product 2",
"length" => "42 cm",
"weight" => "1,5 kg",
"price" => "10 $",
"stock" => "200",
);
$new = array();
$exclude = array("");
for (
$i = 0; $i<=count($attribs)-1; $i++) {
if (!
in_array(trim($attribs[$i]["price"]) ,$exclude)) { $new[] = $attribs[$i]; $exclude[] = trim($attribs[$i]["price"]); }
}
print_r($new); ?>


Have fun tweaking this ;)) i know you will ;))

From Romania With Love

webmaster at jukkis dot net

18 years ago

Another way to 'unique column' an array, in this case an array of objects:
Keep the desired unique column values in a static array inside the callback function for array_filter.

Example:


<?php
class myObj {
public
$id;
public
$value;
function
__construct( $id, $value ) {
$this->id = $id;
$this->value = $value;
}
}
function uniquecol( $obj ) {
static
$idlist = array();

if (

in_array( $obj->id, $idlist ) )
return
false;$idlist[] = $obj->id;
return
true;
}
$list = array( new myObj( 1, 1 ), new myObj( 2, 100 ) );
$list2 = array( new myObj( 1, 10 ), new myObj( 3, 100 ) );
$list3 = array_merge( $list, $list2 );$unique = array_filter( $list3, 'uniquecol' );
print_r( $list3 );
print_r( $unique );?>

In addition, use array_merge( $unique ) to reindex.
Fabiano

7 years ago

As for PHP 7.1.12, this is the comparison between array_keys(array_flip()), array_flip(array_flip()), for each elimination and array_unique. The array_keys(array_flip()) is the fastest method to remove duplication values from a single dimension array:

<?php

$max

= 1000000;
$arr = range(1,$max,3);
$arr2 = range(1,$max,2);
$arr = array_merge($arr,$arr2);$time = -microtime(true);
$res1 = array_unique($arr);
$time += microtime(true);

echo

"<br>deduped to ".count($res1)." in ".$time;
$time = -microtime(true);
$res2 = array_flip(array_flip($arr));
$time += microtime(true);

echo

"<br><br>deduped to ".count($res2)." in ".$time;
$time = -microtime(true);
$res3 = array();
foreach(
$arr as $key=>$val) {
$res3[$val] = true;
}
$res3 = array_keys($res3);
$time += microtime(true);

echo

"<br /><br>deduped to ".count($res3)." in ".$time;
$time = -microtime(true);
$res4 = array_keys(array_flip($arr));
$time += microtime(true);

echo

"<br /><br>deduped to ".count($res4)." in ".$time;

zoolyka at gmail dot com

9 years ago

I found the simplest way to "unique" multidimensional arrays as follows:

<?php

$array

= array(
'a' => array(1, 2),
'b' => array(1, 2),
'c' => array(2, 2),
'd' => array(2, 1),
'e' => array(1, 1),
);
$array = array_map('json_encode', $array);
$array = array_unique($array);
$array = array_map('json_decode', $array);print_r($array);?>


As you can see "b" will be removed without any errors or notices.
subhrajyoti dot de007 at gmail dot com

7 years ago

Simple and clean way to get duplicate entries removed from a multidimensional array.

<?php
$multi_array
= $multi_array [0];
$multi_array = array_unique($multi_array);
print_r($multi_array);
?>

geuis dot teses at gmail dot com

18 years ago

Here's the shortest line of code I could find/create to remove all duplicate entries from an array and then reindex the keys.

<?php $var = array('apple','banana','carrot','cat','dog','egg','eggplant','fish'); $var = array_values(array_unique($var));
?>

amri [ at t] dhstudio dot eu

15 years ago

I searched how to show only the de-duplicate elements from array, but failed.
Here is my solution:

<?php
function arrayUniqueElements($array)
{
return
array_unique(array_diff_assoc($array1,array_unique($array1)));
};
?>


Example:
<?php
$arr1
= array('foo', 'bar', 'xyzzy', '&', 'xyzzy',
'baz', 'bat', '|', 'xyzzy', 'plugh',
'xyzzy', 'foobar', '|', 'plonk', 'xyzzy',
'apples', '&', 'xyzzy', 'oranges', 'xyzzy',
'pears','foobar'); $result=arrayUniqueElements($arr1);
print_r($result);exit;
?>

Output:

Array


(
[4] => xyzzy
[12] => |
[16] => &
[21] => foobar
)
Ludovico Grossi

10 years ago

[Editor's note: please note that this will not work well with non-scalar values in the array. Array keys can not be arrays themselves, nor streams, resources, etc. Flipping the array causes a change in key-name]

You can do a super fast version of array_unique directly in PHP, even faster than the other solution posted in the comments!

Compared to the built in function it is 20x faster! (2x faster than the solution in the comments).

<?php
function superfast_array_unique($array) {
return
array_keys(array_flip($array));
}
?>


This works faster for small and big arrays.
memandeemail at gmail dot com

19 years ago

Problem:
I have loaded an array with the results of a database
query. The Fields are 'FirstName' and 'LastName'.

I would like to find a way to contactenate the two


fields, and then return only unique values for the
array. For example, if the database query returns
three instances of a record with the FirstName John
and the LastName Smith in two distinct fields, I would
like to build a new array that would contain all the
original fields, but with John Smith in it only once.
Thanks for: Colin Campbell

Solution:

<?php
function implode_with_key($glue = null, $pieces, $hifen = ',') {
$return = null;
foreach (
$pieces as $tk => $tv) $return .= $glue.$tk.$hifen.$tv;
return
substr($return,1);
}
function array_unique_tree($array_tree) {
$will_return = array(); $vtemp = array();
foreach (
$array_tree as $tkey => $tvalue) $vtemp[$tkey] = implode_with_key('&',$tvalue,'=');
foreach (
array_keys(array_unique($vtemp)) as $tvalue) $will_return[$tvalue] = $array_tree[$tvalue];
return
$will_return;
}
$problem = array_fill(0,3,
array(
'FirstName' => 'John', 'LastName' => 'Smith')
);
$problem[] = array('FirstName' => 'Davi', 'LastName' => 'S. Mesquita');
$problem[] = array('FirstName' => 'John', 'LastName' => 'Tom'); print_r($problem); print_r(array_unique_tree($problem));
?>

tasiot

2 years ago

array_unique is not compatible with php 8.1 enums because enums don't have a string representation yet (even the BackedEnum of string type…).
You get an error: "Object of class XXXX could not be converted to string."

So I wrote this function that creates a string representation of the enums and use the array keys to remove duplicates:

<?phpfunction array_unique_81(array $values): array
{
$unique = [];
foreach (
$values as $value) {
if (
$value instanceof \UnitEnum) {
$key = 'e:' . \get_class($value) . ':' . $value->name;
} else {
$key = 's:' . (string)$value;
}
$unique[$key] = $value;
}
return
\array_values($unique);
}
?>

tasiot

1 year ago

An other solution to remove duplicates entries of a multi-dimensional array based on key…

<?phpfunction array_unique_multi(array $array, string $key): array
{
$unique = [];
foreach (
$array as $v) {
if (!
array_key_exists($v[$key], $unique)) {
$unique[$v[$key]] = $v;
}
}
return
array_values($unique);
}
$unique = array_unique_multi($users, 'id');?>


Or to preserve keys…

<?phpfunction array_unique_amulti(array $array, string $key): array
{
$keys = [];
$unique = [];
foreach (
$array as $k => $v) {
if (!isset(
$keys[$v[$key]])) {
$keys[$v[$key]] = true;
$unique[$k] = $v;
}
}
return
$unique;
}
?>

dirk dot avery a t gmail

16 years ago

Although array_unique is not intended to work with multi-dimensional arrays, it does on 5.2.9. However, it does not for 5.2.5. Beware.

csaba at alum dot mit dot edu

21 years ago

The following is an efficient, adaptable implementation of array_unique which always retains the first key having a given value:

<?php
function array_unique2(&$aray) {
$aHash = array();
foreach (
$aray as $key => &$val) if (@$aHash[$val]++) unset ($aray[$key]);
}
?>


It is also adaptable to multi dimensional arrays. For example, if your array is a sequence of (multidimensional) points, then in place of @$aHash[$val]++ you could use @$aHash[implode("X",$val)]++
If you want to not have holes in your array, you can do an array_merge($aray) at the end.

Csaba Gabor


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