본 ë°ëª
ì ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ë°©ë²ì ê´í ê²ì¼ë¡ì, ë°ëì ìíì¬ íì í ì ìë ë¸ë ì´ëì, ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì ì°ê²°ëì´ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì ì ë¬ë°ì íì íë íì ì를 í¬í¨íë íë ¥ í°ë¹ê³¼; ì기 íì ìì íì ìë를 ê°ì§íë íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶ì; ê°ì§ë ì기 íì ìì íì ìëì 기 ì¤ì ë ì 격íì ìë ê°ì í¸ì°¨ ë° ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëê³¼, 기 ì ì¥ë ì기 ì 1ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ì 2ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°íë í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶ì; ì기 ê³ì°ë ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ë°ë¼ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì í¼ì¹ê°ì ì¡°ì íì¬ ì기 íì ì를 구ëíë í¼ì¹ 구ëë¶;를 í¬í¨íë ê²ì í¹ì§ì¼ë¡ íë¤.
ì´ì ë°ë¼, ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¥¼ íµí´ í¹ì ëìì ì´ì¸ìë ìµì ì ì±ë¥ì ëíë¼ ì ìë í¨ê³¼ê° ìë¤.The present invention relates to a method of controlling a pitch of a wind turbine using time delay estimation, and more particularly, to a method of controlling a pitch of a wind turbine using a time delay estimation, and; A rotation speed sensing unit for sensing a rotation speed of the rotor; The control signal value at the second time is calculated using the deviation between the sensed rotational speed of the rotor and the predetermined rated rotational speed and the variation amount of the deviation and the control signal value at the previously stored first time ; And a pitch driver for driving the rotor by adjusting a pitch angle of the blade according to the calculated control signal value.
Accordingly, it is possible to exhibit optimum performance in addition to a specific operating point through pitch control using time delay estimation.
본 ë°ëª ì íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ë° ê·¸ ì ì´ë°©ë²ì ê´í ê²ì¼ë¡ì, ëì± ìì¸íê²ë, ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©íì¬ ê³ì°ë ì ì´ì í¸ì ë°ë¼ ë¸ë ì´ëì í¼ì¹ ê°ì ì¡°ì íì¬ íì ì를 ìíë íì ìëë¡ êµ¬ëíë íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ë° ê·¸ ì ì´ë°©ë²ì ê´í ê²ì´ë¤.The present invention relates to a pitch control system for a wind turbine and a control method thereof, and more particularly, to a pitch control system for a wind turbine that controls a pitch angle of a blade in accordance with a control signal calculated using a time delay estimation, To a pitch control system for a wind turbine and a control method thereof.
íë ¥ ë°ì ì´ë 공기ì ì ëì´ ê°ì§ ì´ë ìëì§ì 공기ìíì (aerodynamic) í¹ì±ì ì´ì©íì¬ íì ì(rotor)를 íì ìì¼ ê¸°ê³ì ìëì§ë¡ ë³íìí¨ í ì´ ê¸°ê³ì ìëì§ë¡ ì 기를 ì»ë 기ì ë¡ì, 주ì êµ¬ì± ììë ë ê°(blade)ì íë¸(hub)ë¡ êµ¬ì±ë íì ìì, ì기 íì ìì íì ì ìíì¬ êµ¬ëëë©° ëì (Nacelle) ë´ë¶ì ìì¹íë ë°ì ê¸°ë¡ êµ¬ì±ëë¤. ì´ë¬í íë ¥ë°ì 기ë íê²½ì¤ì¼ì ë°ììí¤ì§ ìê³ ë¬´íì ì ë°ëì ì¬ì©íë¯ë¡, ì¸ê³ì ì¼ë¡ íê²½ì ëí ê´ì¬ì´ ê³ ì¡°ëê³ ìë ìì¦, ì 기ìëì§ì ë°ì ì¥ì¹ë¡ì ê´ì¬ì´ ëìì§ê³ ìë¤.Wind power generation is a technology that uses the aerodynamic characteristics of the kinetic energy of the air flow to convert the rotor into mechanical energy and then obtain electricity using this mechanical energy. a rotor composed of a blade and a hub, and a generator driven by the rotation of the rotor and located inside the Nacelle. Since such wind power generators use infinite winds without generating environmental pollution, interest in the environment is increasing worldwide, and attention is increasing as electric power generation devices.
ì´ë¬í íë ¥ë°ì ì ê²½ì°, íë ¥ í°ë¹ì¼ë¡ ë¶ì´ì¤ë ë°ëì´ ì 격íì ì´íë¡ ì¶ë ¥ì ì ì§í íìì±ì´ ìë¤. ì컨ë, íë ¥ í°ë¹ì¼ë¡ ë¶ì´ì¤ë ë°ëì´ ì 격ìë ì´ìì¼ë¡ ê°í ê²½ì°, ë°ì 기ë ì 격 ì´ìì¼ë¡ ì ë ¥ì ìì°í´ì¼ íê³ , ì´ë íë ¥ ë°ì 기ì ìëª ì ë¨ì¶ìí¤ë ìì¸ì´ ë기 ë문ì´ë¤. ì´ì ë°ë¼, ì 격ìë ì´ìì¸ ê²½ì°ì ë°ì 기ì 걸리ë ë¶í를 ì¤ì´ê¸° ìí í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì´ ì구ëë¤.In the case of such wind power generation, it is necessary that the wind blowing to the wind turbine maintains the output power below the rated power. For example, if the wind blowing into the wind turbine is stronger than the rated speed, the generator must produce power above its rated value, which will shorten the life of the wind turbine. Accordingly, a pitch control system is required to reduce the load on the generator when the speed is higher than the rated speed.
ê·¸ë¬ë, ì¢ ëì PI(Proportioanl Integral) ì ì´ë¥¼ ì´ì©í í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ë°©ìì ê²½ì°, í¹ì ëìì (ì컨ë, í¹ì ë°ë ìë, í¹ì ë¡í° íì ìë, í¹ì í¼ì¹ê° ë±) ê·¼ì²ììë§ ì ëìí ì ì기 ë문ì, ë¤ë¥¸ ëìì ììë ì¢ì ì±ë¥ì ëíë´ì§ 못íë 문ì ì ì´ ìë¤.However, in the case of the conventional pitch control method using PI (Proportional Integral) control, since it can operate only near a specific operating point (for example, a specific wind speed, a specific rotor rotational speed, a specific pitch angle, There is a problem that good performance is not exhibited.
KRKR 10-117783810-1177838 B1B1 KRKR 10-123590710-1235907 B1B1
본 ë°ëª ì 목ì ì ì기 문ì ì ì í´ê²°í기 ìí ê²ì¼ë¡ì, ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¥¼ íµí´ í¹ì ëìì ì´ì¸ìë ìµì ì ì±ë¥ì ëíë¼ ì ìë íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ë° ê·¸ ì ì´ë°©ë²ì ì ê³µíë ê²ì 목ì ì¼ë¡ íë¤.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a pitch control system for a wind turbine and a control method thereof that can exhibit optimum performance in addition to specific operating points through pitch control using time delay estimation .
본 ë°ëª ì ì¼ë©´ì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì, ë°ëì ìíì¬ íì í ì ìë ë¸ë ì´ëì, ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì ì°ê²°ëì´ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì ì ë¬ë°ì íì íë íì ì를 í¬í¨íë íë ¥ í°ë¹ê³¼; ì기 íì ìì íì ìë를 ê°ì§íë íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶ì; ê°ì§ë ì기 íì ìì íì ìëì 기 ì¤ì ë ì 격íì ìë ê°ì í¸ì°¨ ë° ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëê³¼, 기 ì ì¥ë ì기 ì 1ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ì 2ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°íë í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶ì; ì기 ê³ì°ë ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ë°ë¼ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì í¼ì¹ê°ì ì¡°ì íì¬ ì기 íì ì를 구ëíë í¼ì¹ 구ëë¶;를 í¬í¨íë ê²ì í¹ì§ì¼ë¡ íë¤.A pitch control system for a wind turbine using time delay estimation according to an aspect of the present invention includes a blade capable of rotating by wind and a wind turbine including a rotor connected to the blade and rotated by receiving rotation power of the blade A turbine; A rotation speed sensing unit for sensing a rotation speed of the rotor; The control signal value at the second time is calculated using the deviation between the sensed rotational speed of the rotor and the predetermined rated rotational speed and the variation amount of the deviation and the control signal value at the previously stored first time ; And a pitch driver for driving the rotor by adjusting a pitch angle of the blade according to the calculated control signal value.
ëí, 본 ë°ëª ì ë¤ë¥¸ ì¼ë©´ì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ë°©ë²ì, ë°ëì ìíì¬ íì í ì ìë ë¸ë ì´ëì, ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì ì°ê²°ëì´ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì ì ë¬ë°ì íì íë íì ì를 í¬í¨íë íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ë°©ë²ì ìì´ì, ì기 íì ìì íì ìë를 ê°ì§íë ë¨ê³ì; ê°ì§ë ì기 íì ìì íì ìëì 기 ì¤ì ë ì 격íì ìë ê°ì í¸ì°¨ ë° ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëê³¼, 기 ì ì¥ë ì 1ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ì 1ìê° ì´íì ì 2ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°íë ë¨ê³ì; ì기 ê³ì°ë ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ë°ë¼ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì í¼ì¹ê°ì ì¡°ì íì¬ ì기 íì ì를 구ëíë ë¨ê³;를 í¬í¨íë ê²ì í¹ì§ì¼ë¡ íë¤.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling a pitch of a wind turbine using time delay estimation, the method comprising: a blade capable of rotating by wind; a rotor connected to the blade, A method for controlling a pitch of a wind turbine, the method comprising: sensing a rotational speed of the rotor; Using the deviation between the detected rotational speed of the rotor and the predetermined rated rotational speed and the variation amount of the deviation and the control signal value at the previously stored first time to control at the second time after the first time Calculating a signal value; And driving the rotor by adjusting a pitch angle of the blade according to the calculated control signal value.
본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥´ë©´, ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¥¼ íµí´ í¹ì ëìì ì´ì¸ìë ìµì ì ì±ë¥ì ëíë¼ ì ìë í¨ê³¼ê° ìë¤.According to the present invention, it is possible to exhibit optimal performance in addition to a specific operating point through pitch control using time delay estimation.
ë 1ì 본 ë°ëª
ì ì¼ ì¤ììì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í
ì 구ì±ì ê°ëµíê² ëìí ë¸ë¡ëì´ê³ ,
ë 2ë ë 1ì ëìë íë ¥ í°ë¹ì ì§ë 모ë¸ì ëíë´ë ëë©´ì´ê³ ,
ë 3ì ë¨ê³ì ì¸ íìì ë³íê° ìë ê²½ì°, ì¢
ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ì 본 ë°ëª
ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í
ì íì ìë ë° í¼ì¹ ê° ëª
ë ¹ì ë¹êµí기 ìí ê·¸ëíì´ê³ ,
ë 4ë ê¸ê²©í íìì ë³íê° ìë ê²½ì°, ì¢
ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ì 본 ë°ëª
ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í
ì íì ìë ë° í¼ì¹ ê° ëª
ë ¹ì ë¹êµí기 ìí ê·¸ëíì´ë¤.FIG. 1 is a block diagram briefly showing a configuration of a pitch control system of a wind turbine using time delay estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is a view showing a mass model of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1,
3 is a graph for comparing the rotational speed and the pitch angle command of the conventional PI controller with the pitch control system according to the present invention when there is a change in the stepwise wind speed,
4 is a graph for comparing the rotational speed and the pitch angle command of the conventional PI controller and the pitch control system according to the present invention in the case of a sudden change in wind speed.
ì´ìê³¼ ê°ì 본 ë°ëª ì ëí í´ê²°íë ¤ë ê³¼ì , ê³¼ì ì í´ê²°ìë¨, ë°ëª ì í¨ê³¼ë¥¼ í¬í¨í 구체ì ì¸ ì¬íë¤ì ë¤ìì 기ì¬í ì¤ìì ë° ëë©´ì í¬í¨ëì´ ìë¤. 본 ë°ëª ì ì´ì ë° í¹ì§, ê·¸ë¦¬ê³ ê·¸ê²ë¤ì ë¬ì±íë ë°©ë²ì 첨ë¶ëë ëë©´ê³¼ í¨ê» ìì¸íê² íì ëì´ ìë ì¤ììë¤ì 참조íë©´ ëª íí´ì§ ê²ì´ë¤. ëª ì¸ì ì ì²´ì ê±¸ì³ ëì¼ ì°¸ì¡° ë¶í¸ë ëì¼ êµ¬ì± ìì를 ì§ì¹íë¤.The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and the manner of achieving them, will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.
ì´í, ëë©´ë¤ì 참조íì¬ ë³¸ ë°ëª ì ì¤ììë¤ì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì ì¤ëª íëë¡ íë¤.Hereinafter, a pitch control system for a wind turbine using time delay estimation according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
ë 1ì 본 ë°ëª ì ì¼ ì¤ììì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì 구ì±ì ê°ëµíê² ëìí ë¸ë¡ëì´ê³ , ë 2ë ë 1ì ëìë íë ¥ í°ë¹ì ì§ë 모ë¸ì ëíë´ë ëë©´ì´ë¤.FIG. 1 is a block diagram briefly showing a configuration of a pitch control system of a wind turbine using time delay estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a mass model of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 1 .
ë 1ì 참조íë©´, 본 ë°ëª ì ì¼ ì¤ììì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶(100), í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶(200) ë° í¼ì¹ 구ëë¶(300)를 í¬í¨íë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, ì기 íë ¥ í°ë¹ì ë°ëì ìíì¬ íì í ì ìë ë¸ë ì´ëì, ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì ì°ê²°ëì´ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì ì ë¬ë°ì íì íë íì ì를 í¬í¨í ì ìë¤.Referring to FIG. 1, a pitch control system for a wind turbine using time delay estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotation speed sensing unit 100, a pitch controller 200, and a pitch driver 300. The wind turbine may include a blade rotatable by the wind, and a rotor connected to the blade and rotated by receiving the rotational power of the blade.
íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶(100)ë ì기 íì ìì íì ìë(Ïr)를 ê°ì§í기 ìí ê²ì´ë¤.The rotational speed sensing unit 100 senses the rotational speed r of the rotor.
ì ì¥ë¶(220)ìë íì ë ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ì ìí´ ê³ì°ë ì 1ìê°(t-L)ì¼ ëì í¸ì°¨ê°(et-L)ì´ ê¸° ì ì¥ëì´ ìë¤.The storage unit 220 stores the deviation value e tL at the first time t L calculated by the error calculation unit 210 to be described later.
í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶(200)ë, ì기 íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶(100)ì ìí´ ê°ì§ë ì기 íì ìì íì ìëì 기 ì¤ì ë ì 격íì ìë ê°ì í¸ì°¨ ë° ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëê³¼, 기 ì ì¥ë ì기 ì 1ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ì 1ìê° ì´íì ì 2ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°íë¤.The pitch controller 200 may control the deviation between the rotational speed of the rotor sensed by the rotational speed sensing unit 100 and the predetermined rated rotational speed and the variation amount of the deviation, And calculates the control signal value at the second time after the first time using the signal value.
구체ì ì¼ë¡, í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶(200)ë, ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ìë(Ïr)ì ì기 ì 격íì ìë(Ïd) ê°ì í¸ì°¨(e)를 ê³ì°íê³ , ì기 ì 1ìê°(t-L)ì¼ ë ê³ì°ë í¸ì°¨ê°(et-L)ê³¼ ì기 ì 2ìê°(t)ì¼ ë ê³ì°í í¸ì°¨(et)를 ì´ì©íì¬ í¸ì°¨ ë³íëì ê³ì°íë ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ì, ì기 ê³ì°ë í¸ì°¨ ë° í¸ì°¨ ë³íëê³¼ 기 ì ì¥ë ì기 ì 1ìê°ììì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ì 2ìê°ììì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°íë ì ì´ì í¸ ê³ì°ë¶(230)를 í¬í¨í ì ìë¤.Specifically, the pitch controller 200 calculates a deviation e between the rotational speed? R of the blade and the rated rotational speed? D , and calculates a deviation value? E calculated at the first time tL an error calculator 210 for calculating a deviation variation using the deviation e tL calculated at the first time t and the deviation e t calculated at the second time t, And a control signal calculator 230 for calculating the control signal value at the second time using the control signal value at the time.
ì¬ê¸°ì, ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ë, ì기 íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶(100)ì ìí´ ê°ì§ë ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ìë(Ïr)ì 기 ì¤ì ë ì 격íì ìë(Ïd) ê°ì í¸ì°¨ë¥¼ ê³ì°íê³ , ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëì ê³ì°í기 ìí ê²ì´ë¤.Here, the error calculator 210 calculates a deviation between the rotation speed? R of the blade sensed by the rotation speed sensing unit 100 and a predetermined rated rotation speed? D , To calculate the amount of change.
먼ì , ì기 ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ë ìëì ìíì 1ì ë°ë¼ ì기 í¸ì°¨ë¥¼ ê³ì°í ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, eë ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ìë(Ïr)ì ì 격íì ìë(Ïd) ê°ì í¸ì°¨ì´ë¤.First, the error calculator 210 may calculate the deviation according to the following equation (1). Here, e is a deviation between the rotation speed ( r ) of the blade and the rated rotation speed ( d ).
ì´ë, ì기 ìíì 1ì ì¤ì°¨ ìí(error dynamics)ì ë°ë¼ ìëì ìíì 2ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, kë ìì ììì´ê³ , ì기 ìíì 2ìì í¸ì°¨(e)ë 0ì¼ë¡ ìë ´íê² ëë¤.The equation (1) can be expressed by the following equation (2) according to the error dynamics. Here, k is a positive constant, and the deviation e in the equation (2) converges to zero.
ë¤ìì¼ë¡, ì기 ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ë, ì 1ìê°(t-L)ì¼ ë ê³ì°ë í¸ì°¨ê°ê³¼ ì 2ìê°(t)ì¼ ë ê³ì°í í¸ì°¨ë¥¼ ì´ì©íì¬ ìëì ìíì 3ì ë°ë¼ í¸ì°¨ ë³íëì ê³ì°í ì ìë¤.Next, the error calculator 210 calculates a deviation variation using the deviation calculated at the first time (tL) and the deviation calculated at the second time (t) according to the following equation (3) .
ì¬ê¸°ì, ì ì´ì í¸ ê³ì°ë¶(230)ë ì기 ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ìì ê³ì°ë í¸ì°¨ ë° ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëê³¼, 기 ì ì¥ë ì기 ì 1ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ì 1ìê° ì´íì ì 2ìê°ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°í기 ìí ê²ì´ë¤.Here, the control signal calculator 230 may calculate the control signal using the difference between the deviation calculated in the error calculator 210 and the deviation, and the control signal value at the first time, 2 < / RTI > time.
구체ì ì¼ë¡, ì ì´ì í¸ ê³ì°ë¶(230)ë ì기 ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶(210)ìì ê³ì°ë í¸ì°¨(e)ì ì 1ìì(K)를 ê³±í ê°(Ke)ê³¼ ì기 ê³ì°ë í¸ì°¨ ë³íëì ëí í ì 2ìì(g)를 ê³±í ê°ì ì기 ì 1ìê°(t-L)ììì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ëíì¬ ì기 ì 2ìê°(t)ììì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°í ì ìë¤.Specifically, the control signal calculation unit 230 adds the calculated deviation variation amount Ke to a value (Ke) obtained by multiplying the deviation e calculated by the error calculation unit 210 by the first constant K, the control signal value at the second time t may be calculated by adding the control signal value at the first time tL to the value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by multiplying the control signal value g by the predetermined value g.
ì´í, ì기 ì 2ìê°(t)ììì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì 구íë 구체ì ì¸ ë°©ë²ì ëí´ ì¤ëª íëë¡ íë¤.Hereinafter, a specific method of obtaining the control signal value at the second time t will be described.
먼ì , ì기 ë°ëì ìí 공기ìíì í(Pa)ì ìëì ìíì 4ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, Ïë 공기ë°ëì´ê³ , Rì íì ìì ë°ì§ë¦ì´ê³ , CP(λ,β)ë ëë ¥ê³ìì´ê³ , Vwë íë¸ì íìì´ë¤.First, the aerodynamic force P a due to the wind can be expressed by the following equation (4). Here, Ï is the air density, R is the radius of the rotor, C P (λ, β) is the power coefficient, and V w is the wind speed of the hub.
ì기 ëë ¥ê³ìë ë¸ë ì´ë í¼ì¹ê°(β)ê³¼ ìëì ìíì 5ì ë°ë¥¸ ë ê° ë ìë ë¹(λ)ì 기ì´íì¬ ê²°ì ëë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, Ïrì íì ìì ê°ìëì´ê³ , ÏrRì ì í ë¸ë ì´ëì ë ê° ë ìë를 ëíë¸ë¤. ì기 ìíì 1ê³¼ ìíì 2ìì Ï,R ë° Vwë ì ì´í ì ìë ë³ìì í´ë¹íë¯ë¡, ì기 ëë ¥ê³ì(CP(λ,β))를 ì ì´í¨ì¼ë¡ì¨ 공기ìíì í(Pa)ì ì¡°ì í ì ìê² ëë¤.The power coefficient is determined based on the blade pitch angle beta and the blade tip speed ratio [lambda] in accordance with Equation (5) below. Here, Ï r is the rotor angular speed, Ï r R represents a linear speed of the blade wing tip. In Equations (1) and (2), since Ï, R and V w correspond to uncontrollable variables, the aerodynamic force P a can be controlled by controlling the power coefficient C P .
í í¬ì í ì¬ì´ì ê´ê³ë¥¼ ëíë´ë "Pa = ÏrTa"ì ê³µìì ì´ì©íë©´, ì기 ë°ëì ìí 공기ìí í í¬(Ta), ì¦, ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì ìëì ìíì 6ì¼ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤.Using the formula Pa = Ï r T a, which represents the relationship between torque and force, the wind-induced aerodynamic torque T a , that is, the rotational power of the blade, can be expressed by the following equation have.
ë 2ë ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì íì ì(r; rotor) ë° ë°ì 기(g; generator)ë¡ ì ë¬í기 ìí 구ë ê´ê³ë¥¼ ëìí ëë©´ì´ë¤.2 is a view showing a drive relationship for transmitting the rotational power of the blade to a rotor (rotor) and a generator (g).
먼ì , ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì íì ëë ¥ì ì ë¬ë°ì íì ì 측ì ì´ë ë°©ì ìì ìëì ìíì 7ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, Jrì íì ìì ê´ì±ì ëíë´ê³ , Brì íì ìì ì¸ë¶ ëíê³ìì´ê³ , Klsë ì ì ì¶ ê°ì±ê³ìì´ê³ , Blsë ì ì ì¶ ëíê³ìì´ê³ , θrì íì ìì íì ê°ì´ê³ , θlsë ì ì ì¶ì íì ê°ì´ê³ , Ïrë ì ì ì¶ì ê°ìëì´ê³ , Tlsë Taì ë°ëëë ë°©í¥ì¼ë¡ ìì©íë ì ì ì¶ í í¬ì´ë¤.First, the equation of motion on the rotor side, which receives the rotational power of the blade, can be expressed by Equation (7) below. Here, J r denotes a rotor inertia, B r is the outside of the damping coefficient of the rotor, K ls is a low speed shaft stiffness coefficient, B ls is a low speed shaft damping coefficient, θ r is the angle of rotation of the rotor, and ,? ls is the rotation angle of the low speed shaft,? r is the angular speed of the low speed shaft, and T ls is the low speed shaft torque acting in the direction opposite to T a .
ë¤ìì¼ë¡, ì기 íì ì를 íµí´ íì ëë ¥ì ì ë¬ë°ì ì기 ë°ì 기 측ì ì´ëë°©ì ìì ìëì ìíì 8ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, Jgë ë°ì 기ì ê´ì±ì ëíë´ê³ , Thsë ê³ ì ì¶ í í¬ì´ê³ , Bgë ë°ì 기ì ì¸ë¶ ëíê³ìì´ê³ , Ïgë ë°ì 기ì ê°ìëì´ê³ , Tgë ë°ì 기ì ì 기ì í í¬ì´ë¤.Next, the equation of motion of the generator, which receives the rotational power through the rotor, can be expressed by the following equation (8). Here, J represents the inertia of the generator g, T hs is a high-speed shaft torque, B g is the damping coefficient of the external generator, Ï g is the angular velocity of the generator, T g is the electrical torque of the generator.
ì´ë, ì기 íì ìì ì기 ë°ì 기 ì¬ì´ë¥¼ ì°ê²°íë 기ì´ë°ì¤(ng)ì ë¹ë¥¼ ìëì ìíì 9ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤.At this time, the ratio of the gear box (n g ) connecting between the rotor and the generator can be expressed by Equation (9) below.
ë§ì½ ì기 íì ìì ì기 기ì´ë°ì¤ ì¬ì´ì ì ì ì¶ì´ ìì í ê²½ì§ì²´ì í´ë¹íë¤ë©´, ì ì í ìíì 7, ìíì 8 ë° ìíì 9를 ì 리íì¬ ìëì ìíì 10ì¼ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤.If the low speed shaft between the rotor and the gear box corresponds to a complete rigid body, the above Equations (7), (8) and (9) can be summarized as Equation (10).
ì기 ìíì 10ì ì¬ë°°ì´íë©´, íì ìì ìë ë³íë(
)ì ìëì ìíì 11 ë° ìíì 12ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, ÎT uë 모ë¸ë§ëì§ ìì ëë ¥ì ëíë´ê³ , dë ì°ìì ì´ë©° ì íë ì¸ëì ëíë´ê³ , T a, B k ë° T gë ì¡°ì ê°ë¥í ììì´ë¤.By rearranging Equation (10), the speed change amount of the rotor ) Can be expressed by the following equations (11) and (12). Here, ÎT u denotes a non-modeling power, d is a continuous and represents a limited disturbance, T a, and k B T g is an adjustable constant.ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ê´í ìíì 1 ë° ìíì 2를 ì´ì©íì¬ ì기 ìíì 12를 ì 리íë©´, ì기 í¸ì°¨ì ë³íëì ìëì ìíì 13ì¼ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì f(e)ë ì°ìì ì¸ í¨ìì´ê³ ,
ë ì¡°ì ê°ë¥í ììì´ë¤.Using Equation (1) and Equation (2) with respect to the deviation, the equation (12) can be summarized, and the variation of the deviation can be expressed by Equation (13) below. Where f (e) is a continuous function, Is an adjustable constant.ë§ì¼ ìê°ì§ì° Lì ê°ì´ 무ìí ì ìì ë§í¼ ì주 ìë¤ë©´, f(e)t -Lì ëíë´ë ìëì ìíì 14ë¡ë¶í° ê·¼ì¬ê°ì¸ f(e)tì ê°ì 구í ì ìë¤. ì´ì²ë¼, t-Lìê°ììì ê°ì 기ì´í ê·¼ì¬ê° ì¶ì ë°©ë²ì ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì (TDC: Time Delay Estimation)ì´ë¼ íë¤.If the value of the time delay L is negligibly small, the value of f (e) t , which is an approximation, can be obtained from the following expression (14) representing f (e) t -L . As described above, the approximate value estimation method based on the value at time tL is called time delay estimation (TDC).
ëí, ë§ì¼
ê° 0ì´ ìë ììë¡ ì¤ì ëë¤ë©´, 본 ë°ëª ì ì¼ ì¤ììì ë°ë¥¸ ì ì´ì í¸(u)ë, ì ì í ìíì 2, ìíì 13 ë° ìíì 14ì 기ì´íì¬, ìëì ìíì 15ë¡ ëíë¼ ì ìë¤.Also, Is set to a constant other than 0, the control signal u according to the embodiment of the present invention can be expressed by the following expression (15) on the basis of the above-described expressions (2), (13) and .ì´ì ë°ë¼, 본 ë°ëª ì ì¼ ì¤ììì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì ìíë©´, ì 1ìê°(t-L)ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ê³¼ í¸ì°¨ ë³íë ë±ì ìê° ì§ì° ì 보를 ì´ì©íì¬ ì 2ìê°(t)ì¼ ëì ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ê³ì°í ì ìê² ëë¤.Thus, according to the pitch control system of a wind turbine using the time delay estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention, by using the time delay information such as the control signal value at the first time tL and the deviation amount, It is possible to calculate the control signal value at time t.
ë¤ìì¼ë¡, í¼ì¹ 구ëë¶(300)ë, ì기 í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶(200)ì ìí´ ê³ì°ë ì ì´ì í¸ê°ì ë°ë¼ ì기 ë¸ë ì´ëì í¼ì¹ê°ì ì¡°ì íì¬ ì기 íì ì를 구ëíë¤.Next, the pitch driver 300 drives the rotor by adjusting the pitch angle of the blades in accordance with the control signal value calculated by the pitch controller 200.
ë 3ì ë¨ê³ì ì¸ íìì ë³íê° ìë ê²½ì°, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ì 본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì íì ìë ë° í¼ì¹ ê° ëª ë ¹ì ë¹êµí기 ìí ê·¸ëíì´ê³ , ë 4ë ê¸ê²©í íìì ë³íê° ìë ê²½ì°, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ì 본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì íì ìë ë° í¼ì¹ ê° ëª ë ¹ì ë¹êµí기 ìí ê·¸ëíì´ë¤. ì¬ê¸°ì, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ì 본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í (TDC)ì íì ìì íì ìë를 ì 격íì ìëì¸ 12.1 rpmì ê·¼ì íëë¡ ì ì´íë ê²ì 목íë¡ íë¤.FIG. 3 is a graph for comparing the rotation speed and the pitch angle command of the conventional PI controller and the pitch control system according to the present invention when there is a change in the stepwise wind speed. FIG. In order to compare the rotational speed and the pitch angle command of the PI controller of the present invention with the PI controller of the present invention. Here, the conventional PI controller and the pitch control system (TDC) according to the present invention aim to control the rotational speed of the rotor so as to approach the rated rotational speed of 12.1 rpm.
먼ì , ë 3(a)ì ëìë ë°ì ê°ì´ ë¨ê³ì ì¸ íìì ë³íê° ìë ê²½ì°, 본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í (TDC)ì, ë 3(b)ì ëìë ë°ì ê°ì´, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ë³´ë¤ 12.1 rpmì ë ê°ê¹ì´ íì ìë를 ê°ì§ëë¡ ì ì´íê³ , ë 3(c)ì ëìë ë°ì ê°ì´, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ë³´ë¤ íì ë³íì ë 빨리 ëìíì¬ í¼ì¹ ê°ì ì ì´íê² ëë¤.3 (a), the pitch control system (TDC) according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), has a 12.1 the pitch angle is controlled so as to have a rotation speed closer to that of the rpm than the conventional PI controller as shown in Fig.
ë¤ìì¼ë¡, ë 4(a)ì ëìë ë°ì ê°ì´ ê¸ê²©í íìì ë³íê° ìë ê²½ì°, 본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥¸ í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í (TDC)ì, ë 4(b)ì ëìë ë°ì ê°ì´, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ë³´ë¤ 12.1 rpmì ë ê°ê¹ì´ íì ìë를 ê°ì§ëë¡ ì ì´íê³ , ë 4(c)ì ëìë ë°ì ê°ì´, ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ë³´ë¤ íì ë³íì ë 빨리 ëìíì¬ í¼ì¹ ê°ì ì ì´íê² ëë¤.4 (a), the pitch control system (TDC) according to the present invention, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), has a 12.1 the pitch angle is controlled so as to have a rotation speed closer to the rpm than the conventional PI controller as shown in Fig.
ì¦, 본 ë°ëª ì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥ í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì ì¢ ëì PI ì ì´ê¸°ì ë¹êµíì¬ ëì ìë ´ì±ê³¼ ë¹ ë¥¸ ìëµì±ì ê°ì§ë ê²ì íì¸í ì ìë¤.That is, it can be confirmed that the pitch control system of the wind turbine using the time delay estimation according to the present invention has higher convergence and faster response than the conventional PI controller.
ë°ë¼ì, 본 ë°ëª ì ì¼ ì¤ììì ë°ë¥¸ ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í íë ¥í°ë¹ì í¼ì¹ ì ì´ ìì¤í ì ì´ì©íë©´, ìê° ì§ì° ì¶ì ì ì´ì©í í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¥¼ íµí´ í¹ì ëìì ì´ì¸ìë ìµì ì ì±ë¥ì ëíë¼ ì ìê² ëë¤.Therefore, by using the pitch control system of the wind turbine using the time delay estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to exhibit optimal performance in addition to the specific operating point through the pitch control using the time delay estimation.
ì´ì, ë°ëì§í ì¤ìì를 íµíì¬ ë³¸ ë°ëª ì ê´íì¬ ìì¸í ì¤ëª íìì¼ë, 본 ë°ëª ì ì´ì íì ëë ê²ì ìëë©° í¹íì²êµ¬ë²ì ë´ìì ë¤ìíê² ì¤ìë ì ìë¤.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments.
100: íì ìë ê°ì§ë¶ 200: í¼ì¹ ì ì´ë¶
210: ìë¬ ê³ì°ë¶ 220: ì ì¥ë¶
230: ì ì´ì í¸ ê³ì°ë¶ 300: í¼ì¹ 구ëë¶100: rotation speed sensing unit 200: pitch control unit
210: error calculation unit 220:
230: control signal calculator 300: pitch driver
Patent event code: PA01091R01D
Comment text: Patent Application
Patent event date: 20150625
2017-01-04 PG1501 Laying open of application 2020-07-26 PC1203 Withdrawal of no request for examinationRetroSearch is an open source project built by @garambo | Open a GitHub Issue
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