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ç¾ãå®ç¾ãããã®ã§ããã (57) [Summary] [Problem] To expand the localization of a reproduced sound image, which has been mainly limited to events on a horizontal plane, to three dimensions, and to efficiently use a limited transmission path according to a broadcast material to be transmitted. Another object of the present invention is to realize a multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system capable of easily reproducing an effective three-dimensional sound field. In a system for multiplexing transmission of multi-channel audio signals, a plurality of encoder groups having different coding efficiencies for driving the multi-channel audio signals in parallel are arranged on the transmission side for each group according to the transmission amount of each channel. Encoded and multiplexed into one transmission stream, and transmitted.The receiving side separates multi-channel audio signals for each of a plurality of groups from the received transmission stream, and performs decompression processing with a plurality of parallel-driven decoder groups. In this way, the original multi-channel audio signal is decoded to reproduce a multi-channel stereo sound field.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã[0001]
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ããBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voice multi-channel transmission system. In particular, this is a means for efficiently transmitting an audio signal by changing the number of channels and the bit rate per channel according to the material of the audio broadcast and changing the audio quality. In addition to the output from the two-dimensional loudspeaker array thus far, the stereo audio signal of each channel is supplied, and an audio signal is supplied from a loudspeaker arranged also in the upward direction to drive a three-dimensionally configured loudspeaker. The present invention relates to a multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã[0002]
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ãã®ä¼ééãæ¸ããæ¹å¼ãã¨ããã¦ããã2. Description of the Related Art Normally, the frequency band of a sound signal that a human listens to is 15 Hz to 20 kHz, and the dynamic range is
80 to 120 dB. In order to directly digitize this signal, a sampling frequency of 30 to 40 kHz or more and a quantization step of 14 to 20 bits are required.
That is, 450 kbps per channel
A transmission amount of ã® 1 Mbps is required. Audio signals in conventional two-channel stereo audio broadcasting of a left channel (Lch) and a right channel (Rch) are generally transmitted by a configuration as shown in FIG. On the transmitting side, the signal of each channel extracted from the signal source is changed from an analog signal to a digital signal by analog / digital converters (A / D) 51 and 52 corresponding thereto, and an independent transmission path 53 is provided. Drive and send to receiver. On the receiving side, the transmitted signal of each channel is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by digital / analog converters (D / A) 54 and 55 corresponding thereto, and then the respective amplifiers 56 and
The signal is amplified at 57 and output from speakers 58 and 59. As described above, in the two-channel stereo audio broadcast, a transmission path is provided for each channel and transmission is performed. In multi-channel audio broadcasting,
In order to pack a plurality of channels into a limited transmission capacity of a transmission line, a method of compressing and expanding an audio signal to reduce a transmission amount per channel has been adopted.
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ãããFor example, as shown in FIG. 6, each channel audio signal (L, R, C, SL, SR) extracted from a signal source is
After being converted into a digital signal through an A / D converter section 60 composed of an A / D converter group for performing analog / digital conversion corresponding to each channel, the signals are converted into digital signals by five encoder sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. One unit encoder 6 configured
1, the information amount is compressed to about 1/4 to 1/12, time-division multiplexed by the multiplexer 62, and serially transmitted using one transmission line 63. Where C is the center channel, S
L represents the rear surround left channel, and SR represents the rear surround right channel. On the other hand, on the receiving side, the audio signal corresponding to each channel is separated by the separator 64, and then subjected to decompression processing by one unit of the decoder 65 composed of five decoder units 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, Further, after passing through a D / A converter section 66 composed of a D / A converter group for performing digital / analog conversion corresponding to each channel and an amplifier section 67 composed of an amplifier group for performing signal amplification, respectively. Are driven and output. As described above, in the conventional transmission method, the number of channels and the bit rate per channel are set to existing values irrespective of the broadcast material, and the broadcast quality is always constant. Therefore, the channel plan currently has a maximum of five channels due to problems such as the price of the transmission device and the quality of the audio signal, as well as limitations due to the technically available transmission capacity. Further, there are the following three international standards for audio encoding at the time of compression / expansion. The first is MPEG-1 which is a standard for encoding monaural and two-channel stereo audio. Second, when decoding the signal, MP
MPE which is a standard of a multi-channel stereo audio encoding system having three channels at the front and two channels at the surround, assuming that decoding is possible with EG-1.
G-2BC (Backward Compatible). The third is MPEG-AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) in which the condition that a signal can be decoded even by MPEG-1 is removed.
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The MPEG-2BC (Backward Compatible) compression method is used for decompression.
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ã®äºè±¡ã«éããã¦ãããFIG. 7 shows a conventional two-channel stereo sound field reproduction system generally used. FIG. 7 shows ideal conditions for listening to a stereo program in a multi-channel stereo sound field system in CS broadcasting using a communication satellite. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the speaker arrangement and the listening position. FIG.
Is an array having two front speakers L71 and R72 in front. Now, let us consider a case where the same stereo sound signal is heard from two speakers L71 and R72 in FIG. In this case, since the distances from the two speakers L71 and R72 to the listening position are equal, if the sound volumes of L and R are equal, the listener at the listening position will be at L71 and R7.
The user listens to a composite wave of a plane wave generated on the horizontal plane, which is output from each of the speakers 2. However, the horizontal plane means a plane including three points of two speakers L and R and a hearing device of a listener, and is not necessarily parallel to a horizontal plane. Therefore, the sound image created by this synthetic wave is localized at the middle position of the two speakers L71 and R72 in the horizontal plane. FIG.
In the arrangement shown in FIG. 7, a center speaker C82 for stabilizing the sound image localization in the front is provided at a center position between the speakers L81 and R83, and surround speakers SL84, This is an array to which SR85 is added. Here, five speakers L81, C
When listening to the same stereo sound signal from the speakers 82, R83, SL84, and SR85 and the volume of each speaker is equal, the listener at the listening position synthesizes each plane wave generated on the horizontal plane output by each speaker. The synthesized wave is heard on a horizontal plane. Therefore, it is considered that the sound image created by the synthetic wave is formed on any one of the horizontal planes. As described above, in the conventional multi-channel stereo transmission device, the localization of the sound image is mainly limited to events in a horizontal plane.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã[0006]
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ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ä¼éæ¹å¼ã®å®ç¾ãç®çã¨ãããSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention eliminates these drawbacks, expands the localization of a reproduced sound image, which has been limited mainly to events on a horizontal plane, to three dimensions, and responds to the broadcast material to be transmitted. Another object of the present invention is to realize a multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system that can efficiently use a limited transmission path and easily reproduce an effective three-dimensional sound field.
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ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ãå®ç¾ãããã®ã§ãããSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system for multiplexing transmission of a multi-channel audio signal. , And multiplexes them into one transmission stream and sends them out. On the receiving side, the multi-channel audio signals of each of the plurality of groups are separated from the received transmission stream, and a plurality of decoder groups each of which is driven in parallel. And decodes it into the original multi-channel audio signal. Further, the plurality of encoder groups may be encoder groups having different encoding efficiencies, and the multi-channel audio signal may be encoded by the encoder group having a predetermined encoding efficiency according to the transmission amount of the audio signal of each channel. Things. Further, the decoded audio signal of each channel is supplied to a plurality of sound source speaker groups three-dimensionally arranged in a horizontal plane direction around the listening position and in a horizontal plane direction above the horizontal plane. , Which realizes multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction. In addition, the arrangement of the plurality of speaker groups is such that, in front of the listening position, a center speaker (C) and an upper center speaker (CU), and four front speakers ( L), (R), (L
U) and (RU), two surround speakers positioned horizontally symmetrically with respect to the listening position in the rear.
(SL) and (SR) are arranged concentrically toward the listening position to realize 8-channel stereo sound field reproduction. In addition, the arrangement of the plurality of speaker groups includes a center speaker (C) and an upper center speaker (CU) in front of the listening position, and four front speakers (L ), (R), (L
U) and (RU), and four surround speakers (SL), (SR), (SLU), and (SRU) located behind and horizontally symmetrically with respect to the listening position and upward and downward with respect to the listening position. To
A 10-channel stereo sound field is reproduced by being arranged concentrically toward the listening position.
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ï¼ï¼ãé§åãã¦åºåããã¨ããæ¹å¼ã§ãããFIG. 1 shows a transmission system of a multi-channel stereo audio signal according to the present invention. First, means for increasing a number of transmission channels by mounting a plurality of channels on one transmission path will be described. However, an example in which the above-described MPEG-2 AAC method is used as the encoding method will be described. First, on the transmitting side, an audio signal of 10 channels extracted from a signal source is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by an A / D converter unit 11 configured by an A / D converter group corresponding to each channel. After that, the information amount of each channel is compressed to about 1/4 to 1/12 by the encoder group 12 configured to drive the two units of encoders 12a and 12b having five encoder units corresponding to each channel in parallel. I do. Further, the multiplexer 13 performs time division multiplexing processing, and transmits the signal to the receiving side using one transmission path 14. On the receiving side,
After the received multiplexed signal is separated into respective channels by the separator 15, the decoder group 16 configured to drive the two units of decoders 16a and 16b in parallel performs expansion processing. Further, the signal is converted back to an analog signal by a D / A converter section 17 constituted by a D / A converter group corresponding to each channel, and each signal is amplified by each amplifier 18, and then each speaker 19 is driven and output. is there.
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ããããAs described above, by driving a plurality of units of encoders and decoders in parallel, it is possible to simultaneously code signals of more than twice the number of channels in the related art. Can be multiplexed.
Next, a problem regarding the transmission capacity will be described. In order to perform transmission within a limited transmission capacity, a configuration is considered in which transmission is performed while changing the voice quality and the number of channels according to the needs of the listener. With the digitalization of broadcast waves,
In the future, listeners are expected to select and listen to desired broadcasts from various types of audio broadcasts more than ever. For example, as broadcast materials, those mainly providing information such as general news and weather forecasts, and those mainly conveying the sense of reality such as movies and concert relays are increasing, and listeners receive by broadcast materials. Services are divided into two types. In other words, one is a broadcast that emphasizes intelligibility to clearly identify the sound source, and the other is a broadcast in which the sound source is displaced up, down, left, and right.
This broadcast emphasizes a three-dimensional sound field. In this case, the needs of the listeners include the desire to limit the number of channels, allocate the reduced number of channels to the channels to be transmitted, and further improve the audio quality per channel, and reduce the current broadcast quality to some extent. It is considered that there is a demand to secure a large number of channels because it is acceptable.
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ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ï½ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ï½ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ï½ï½ã§ãããFIG. 2 shows the configuration of a multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction system according to the present invention, and will be described. The difference from FIG. 1 is that an encoder group 24 and a multiplexer 25 for encoding and compressing an audio signal newly extracted from a signal source are added to the transmission side. In that the encoder group 24 is switched. Here, for simplicity, the amount of information per channel and the number of channels of each encoder group on the transmission side are 64 kbps / ch · 5
ch, 32 kbps / ch · 10 in the encoder group 21
The case where the channels are driven in parallel will be described.
That is, each audio signal extracted from the signal source is compressed by a group of encoders having different audio qualities. First,
On the transmitting side, each audio signal extracted from the signal source is converted into a digital signal by A / D converter groups 20 and 23 composed of corresponding A / D converters. The converted signal of each channel is transmitted to encoder groups 21 and
4 are respectively encoded and compressed, multiplexed by the respective multiplexers 22 and 25, and passed to the matrix circuit 26. In the matrix circuit 26, switching between the multiplex stream S1, the multiplex stream, and the multiplex stream S2 having different voice qualities is performed according to the needs of the listener. On the other hand, on the receiving side, the received multiplexed stream is
After separation into each channel in step 7, expansion processing is performed by a decoder group 28 composed of a plurality of unit decoders. Further, the signal is converted back to an analog signal by a D / A converter group 29 composed of D / A converters corresponding to the respective channels, and the signals are amplified by the amplifiers 30, respectively.
Each speaker 31 is driven and output. For example, the MPE-1, MP
In the case of using the EG-2BC and MPEG-2AAC coding schemes, the bit rates determined to satisfy the broadcast quality are respectively 1 in the case of monaural.
They are 28 kbps, 128 kbps and 64 kbps.
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ããNext, FIG. 3 shows the configuration of an 8-channel stereo sound field reproduction system in which each audio signal transmitted as described above is distributed to each speaker. In front of the listener, a center speaker C32 located on a horizontal plane with respect to the listening position, an upward center speaker CU35 mounted on the center speaker C32, and the two speakers C3
The left speaker L31 and the right speaker R33 on the horizontal plane and the upper left speaker LU34 and the upper right speaker RU36 in the upward direction, respectively, are symmetrically symmetrical with respect to the axis formed by connecting the CU 35 and the CU 35, and a total of six speakers are added. , Installed at the front. Also, on the left and right, on a horizontal plane,
Two surround speakers SL37 and SR38 are arranged.
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ãããã¦ãããThat is, a total of eight speakers are arranged for the front and the surround, all of which are set so that the sound axes of all the speakers intersect each other at the listening position on a concentric circle centered on the listening position. ing. FIG.
1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a 10-channel stereo sound field reproduction system according to the present invention. This is because a new speaker SLU is provided above the surround speakers SL37 and SR38 behind the 8-channel stereo sound field reproduction system.
39, a system in which the SRLU 40 is installed. Therefore, this system has a total of ten speakers for the front and the surround. Each speaker is located on a concentric circle centered on the listening position, and the axes of the sound sources are set so as to intersect each other at the listening position.
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é³å ´ãæè»½ã«åç¾ãããã¨ãã§ãããAs described above, according to the present invention, by transmitting an audio signal while changing the audio quality and the number of channels in accordance with the broadcast material, limited transmission can be performed according to the broadcast material to be transmitted. The road can be used efficiently and an effective three-dimensional sound field can be easily reproduced. Also, the encoder for encoding / compressing the audio signal and the decoder for performing the decompression processing are configured to drive a plurality of units in parallel from the combination of one unit so far, so that a large number of channels can be streamed on the transmission side. As a result, time-division multiplexing and transmission can be performed on one transmission path, and the data can be transmitted after being separated and expanded on the receiving side. Further, by changing the arrangement of the speaker group for outputting the audio signal from the current two-dimensional arrangement to a three-dimensional arrangement, the localization of the reproduced sound image, which has been mainly limited to the event on the horizontal plane, can be three-dimensionally performed. , And it is possible to easily reproduce an effective three-dimensional sound field for broadcast material using one transmission path.
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ã ã®æ§æã示ããããã¯å³FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction system according to the present invention.
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ã ã®æ§æã示ããããã¯å³FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction system according to the present invention.
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ã ã®æ§æã示ããããã¯å³FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an 8-channel stereo sound field reproduction system according to the present invention.
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ãã ã®æ§æã示ããããã¯å³FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a 10-channel stereo sound field reproduction system according to the present invention.
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ã®æ§æã示ããããã¯å³FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction system.
ãå³ï¼ãCSæ¾éã«ãããä¸è¬çä¼éæ¹å¼ã®æ§æã示ã
ãããã¯å³FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a general transmission system in CS broadcasting.
ãå³ï¼ã徿¥ã®ã¹ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ã·ã¹ãã ã®æ§æã示ã
ãããã¯å³FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional stereo sound field reproduction system.
ãå³ï¼ã徿¥ã®ã¹ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ã·ã¹ãã ã®æ§æã示ã
ãããã¯å³FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional stereo sound field reproduction system.
ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ï¼ï¼¤ã³ã³ãã¼ã¿é¨ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼
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ã«ã11, 20, 23: A / D converter section, 12, 21,
24: Encoder group, 12a, 12b, 21a, 21
b: encoder, 13, 22, 25: multiplexer, 14: transmission line, 15, 27: separator, 16, 28, decoder group, 16a, 16b: decoder, 17, 29: D / A converter group, 18 , 30: amplifier, 19, 31: speaker.
ãç¹è¨±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã[Claims] ãè«æ±é
ï¼ã å¤ãã£ã³ãã«é³å£°ä¿¡å·ãå¤éãä¼éãã
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ãå¤ãã£ã³ãã«ã¹ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ä¼éæ¹å¼ãIn a system for multiplexing and transmitting a multi-channel audio signal, a multi-channel audio signal is encoded on a transmission side for each group by a plurality of encoders driven in parallel, and multiplexed into one transmission stream. Means on the receiving side to separate the multi-channel audio signals for each of the plurality of groups from the received transmission stream, and decompress the original multi-channel audio signals by a plurality of parallel-driven decoder groups. A multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system, comprising: means for decoding. ãè«æ±é
ï¼ã è«æ±é
ï¼ã«è¨è¼ã®å¤ãã£ã³ãã«ã¹ãã¬ãª
é³å ´åç¾ä¼éæ¹å¼ã«ããã¦ãä¸è¨è¤æ°ã®ã¨ã³ã³ã¼ã群
ãããããã符å·åå¹çã®ç°ãªãã¨ã³ã³ã¼ã群ã¨ããä¸
è¨å¤ãã£ã³ãã«é³å£°ä¿¡å·ãåãã£ã³ãã«ã®é³å£°ä¿¡å·ã®ä¼
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éæ¹å¼ã2. The multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of encoder groups are respectively encoder groups having different encoding efficiencies, and the multi-channel audio signal is a sound signal of each channel. A multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system, wherein encoding is performed by an encoder group having a predetermined encoding efficiency according to a transmission amount. ãè«æ±é
ï¼ã è«æ±é
ï¼ã¾ãã¯ï¼è¨è¼ã®å¤ãã£ã³ãã«ã¹
ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ä¼éæ¹å¼ã«ããã¦ãä¸è¨å¾©å·åãããå
ãã£ã³ãã«ã®é³å£°ä¿¡å·ããè´åä½ç½®ãä¸å¿ã¨ããæ°´å¹³å¹³
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ãããã¨ãç¹å¾´ã¨ããå¤ãã£ã³ãã«ã¹ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ä¼
éæ¹å¼ã3. The multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the decoded audio signal of each channel is transmitted in a horizontal plane direction centering on a listening position and in an upper part of the horizontal plane. A multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system, characterized in that a plurality of sound source speakers are arranged three-dimensionally in a horizontal plane direction. ãè«æ±é
ï¼ã è«æ±é
ï¼ã«ããã¦ãä¸è¨è¤æ°åã®ã¹ãã¼
ã«ç¾¤ã®é
ç½®ããä¸è¨è´åä½ç½®ã®åæ¹ã«ãã»ã³ã¿ã¹ãã¼ã«
(ï¼£)åã³ä¸æ¹ã»ã³ã¿ã¹ãã¼ã«(CU)ããããã»ã³ã¿ã¹ã
ã¼ã«ãæãã§ããããå·¦å³å¯¾ç§°ã«ï¼å°ã®ããã³ãã¹ãã¼
ã«(L),(ï¼²),(LU),(RU)ãã徿¹ã«ãä¸è¨è´åä½ç½®
ã«å¯¾ãã¦æ°´å¹³æ¹åã«å·¦å³å¯¾ç§°ã«ä½ç½®ããï¼å°ã®ãµã©ã¦ã³
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ãªé³å ´åç¾ä¼éæ¹å¼ã4. The center speaker according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of speaker groups are arranged in front of the listening position.
(C) and the upper center speaker (CU), four front speakers (L), (R), (LU), and (RU) symmetrically with respect to each other with the center speaker interposed therebetween. A multi-channel stereo sound field reproduction transmission system, wherein two surround speakers (SL) and (SR) positioned horizontally symmetrically in the horizontal direction are arranged concentrically toward the listening position. ãè«æ±é
ï¼ã è«æ±é
ï¼ã«ããã¦ãä¸è¨è¤æ°åã®ã¹ãã¼
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(ï¼£)åã³ä¸æ¹ã»ã³ã¿ã¹ãã¼ã«(CU)ããããã»ã³ã¿ã¹ã
ã¼ã«ãæãã§ããããå·¦å³å¯¾ç§°ã«ï¼å°ã®ããã³ãã¹ãã¼
ã«(L),(ï¼²),(LU),(RU)ãã徿¹ã«ãä¸è¨è´åä½ç½®
ã«å¯¾ãã¦æ°´å¹³æ¹ååã³ãã®ä¸æ¹åã«å·¦å³å¯¾ç§°ã«ä½ç½®ãã
ï¼å°ã®ãµã©ã¦ã³ãã¹ãã¼ã«(SL),(SR),(SLU),(ï¼³
RU)ããä¸è¨è´åä½ç½®ã«åãåå¿åä¸ã«é
ç½®ãããã¨
ãç¹å¾´ã¨ããå¤ãã£ã³ãã«ã¹ãã¬ãªé³å ´åç¾ä¼éæ¹å¼ã5. The center speaker according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of speaker groups are arranged in front of the listening position.
(C) and the upper center speaker (CU), four front speakers (L), (R), (LU), and (RU) symmetrically with respect to each other with the center speaker interposed therebetween. Four surround speakers (SL), (SR), (SLU), (S
RU) are arranged concentrically toward the listening position.
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