Cast a pandas object to a specified dtype dtype
.
Use a numpy.dtype or Python type to cast entire pandas object to the same type. Alternatively, use {col: dtype, â¦}, where col is a column label and dtype is a numpy.dtype or Python type to cast one or more of the DataFrameâs columns to column-specific types.
Return a copy when copy=True
(be very careful setting copy=False
as changes to values then may propagate to other pandas objects).
Control raising of exceptions on invalid data for provided dtype.
raise
: allow exceptions to be raised
ignore
: suppress exceptions. On error return original object.
Notes
Deprecated since version 1.3.0: Using astype
to convert from timezone-naive dtype to timezone-aware dtype is deprecated and will raise in a future version. Use Series.dt.tz_localize()
instead.
Examples
Create a DataFrame:
>>> d = {'col1': [1, 2], 'col2': [3, 4]} >>> df = pd.DataFrame(data=d) >>> df.dtypes col1 int64 col2 int64 dtype: object
Cast all columns to int32:
>>> df.astype('int32').dtypes col1 int32 col2 int32 dtype: object
Cast col1 to int32 using a dictionary:
>>> df.astype({'col1': 'int32'}).dtypes col1 int32 col2 int64 dtype: object
Create a series:
>>> ser = pd.Series([1, 2], dtype='int32') >>> ser 0 1 1 2 dtype: int32 >>> ser.astype('int64') 0 1 1 2 dtype: int64
Convert to categorical type:
>>> ser.astype('category') 0 1 1 2 dtype: category Categories (2, int64): [1, 2]
Convert to ordered categorical type with custom ordering:
>>> from pandas.api.types import CategoricalDtype >>> cat_dtype = CategoricalDtype( ... categories=[2, 1], ordered=True) >>> ser.astype(cat_dtype) 0 1 1 2 dtype: category Categories (2, int64): [2 < 1]
Note that using copy=False
and changing data on a new pandas object may propagate changes:
>>> s1 = pd.Series([1, 2]) >>> s2 = s1.astype('int64', copy=False) >>> s2[0] = 10 >>> s1 # note that s1[0] has changed too 0 10 1 2 dtype: int64
Create a series of dates:
>>> ser_date = pd.Series(pd.date_range('20200101', periods=3)) >>> ser_date 0 2020-01-01 1 2020-01-02 2 2020-01-03 dtype: datetime64[ns]
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