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matplotlib — Matplotlib 3.2.1 documentation

matplotlib¶ Backend management¶

matplotlib.use(backend, warn=<deprecated parameter>, force=True)[source]¶

Select the backend used for rendering and GUI integration.

Parameters:

backendstr

The backend to switch to. This can either be one of the standard backend names, which are case-insensitive:

interactive backends: GTK3Agg, GTK3Cairo, MacOSX, nbAgg, Qt4Agg, Qt4Cairo, Qt5Agg, Qt5Cairo, TkAgg, TkCairo, WebAgg, WX, WXAgg, WXCairo
non-interactive backends: agg, cairo, pdf, pgf, ps, svg, template

or a string of the form: module://my.module.name.

warnbool, optional, default: False

If True and not force, emit a warning if a failure-to-switch ImportError has been suppressed. This parameter is deprecated.

forcebool, optional, default: True

If True (the default), raise an ImportError if the backend cannot be set up (either because it fails to import, or because an incompatible GUI interactive framework is already running); if False, ignore the failure.

matplotlib.get_backend()[source]¶: Return the name of the current backend.

matplotlib.interactive(b)[source]¶: Set whether to redraw after every plotting command (e.g. pyplot.xlabel).

matplotlib.is_interactive()[source]¶: Return whether to redraw after every plotting command.

Default values and styling¶

matplotlib.rcParams¶: An instance of RcParams for handling default Matplotlib values.

class matplotlib.RcParams(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

A dictionary object including validation.

Validating functions are defined and associated with rc parameters in matplotlib.rcsetup.

find_all(self, pattern)[source]¶

Return the subset of this RcParams dictionary whose keys match, using re.search(), the given pattern.

Note

Changes to the returned dictionary are not propagated to the parent RcParams dictionary.

matplotlib.rc_context(rc=None, fname=None)[source]¶

Return a context manager for managing rc settings.

This allows one to do:

with mpl.rc_context(fname='screen.rc'):
    plt.plot(x, a)  # uses 'screen.rc'
    with mpl.rc_context(fname='print.rc'):
        plt.plot(x, b)  # uses 'print.rc'
    plt.plot(x, c)  # uses 'screen.rc'

A dictionary can also be passed to the context manager:

with mpl.rc_context(rc={'text.usetex': True}, fname='screen.rc'):
    plt.plot(x, a)

The 'rc' dictionary takes precedence over the settings loaded from 'fname'. Passing a dictionary only is also valid. For example a common usage is:

with mpl.rc_context(rc={'interactive': False}):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    ax.plot(range(3), range(3))
    fig.savefig('A.png', format='png')
    plt.close(fig)

matplotlib.rc(group, \*\*kwargs)[source]¶

Set the current rc params. group is the grouping for the rc, e.g., for lines.linewidth the group is lines, for axes.facecolor, the group is axes, and so on. Group may also be a list or tuple of group names, e.g., (xtick, ytick). kwargs is a dictionary attribute name/value pairs, e.g.,:

rc('lines', linewidth=2, color='r')

sets the current rc params and is equivalent to:

rcParams['lines.linewidth'] = 2
rcParams['lines.color'] = 'r'

The following aliases are available to save typing for interactive users:

Alias Property 'lw' 'linewidth' 'ls' 'linestyle' 'c' 'color' 'fc' 'facecolor' 'ec' 'edgecolor' 'mew' 'markeredgewidth' 'aa' 'antialiased'

Thus you could abbreviate the above rc command as:

Note you can use python's kwargs dictionary facility to store dictionaries of default parameters. e.g., you can customize the font rc as follows:

font = {'family' : 'monospace',
        'weight' : 'bold',
        'size'   : 'larger'}
rc('font', **font)  # pass in the font dict as kwargs

This enables you to easily switch between several configurations. Use matplotlib.style.use('default') or rcdefaults() to restore the default rc params after changes.

Notes

Similar functionality is available by using the normal dict interface, i.e. rcParams.update({"lines.linewidth": 2, ...}) (but rcParams.update does not support abbreviations or grouping).

matplotlib.rcdefaults()[source]¶

Restore the rc params from Matplotlib's internal default style.

Style-blacklisted rc params (defined in matplotlib.style.core.STYLE_BLACKLIST) are not updated.