I've finally come to a conclusion as to what the "correct" behaviour of zero-width matches should be: """always return the first match, but never a zero-width match that is joined to a previous zero-width match""". If it's about to return a zero-width match that's joined to a previous zero-width match, then backtrack and keep on looking for a match. Example: >>> print([m.span() for m in re.finditer(r'|.', 'a')]) [(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)] re.findall, re.split and re.sub should work accordingly. If re.finditer finds n matches, then re.split should return a list of n+1 strings and re.sub should make n replacements (excepting maxsplit, etc.).
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