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Showing content from https://lp.jetbrains.com/python-developers-survey-2023/ below:

Python Developers Survey 2023 Results

Python as main vs secondary language

Python usage with other languages100+

40% 37% 35% JavaScript 38% 36% 32% HTML/CSS 33% 31% 29% Bash/Shell 33% 34% 31% SQL 30% 29% 25% C/C++ 20% 19% 19% Java 11% 11% 12% C# 10% 11% 13% TypeScript 9% 8% 8% Go 9% 9% 7% PHP 6% 7% 7% Rust 5% 6% 5% R 4% 4% 4% Visual Basic 3% 3% 3% Kotlin 2% 2% 2% Ruby 2% 2% 1% Perl 2% 2% 2% Swift 2% 2% 2% Scala 1% 1% 1% Objective-C 1% 1% 1% Clojure 1% 2% 1% Groovy 1% 1% 1% CoffeeScript â â 1% Julia â â 1% Mojo 8% 7% 7% Other 13% 14% 17% None

Currently, there's a rising interest in Go and Rust for crafting low-latency and memory-safe applications.

Python usage with other languages100+

JavaScript

HTML/CSS

SQL

Bash/Shell

C/C++

Languages for Web and Data Science100+

SQL

Bash/Shell

JavaScript

HTML/CSS

C/C++

Java

TypeScript

Web development refers to people who selected âWeb developmentâ in response to the question âWhat do you use Python for the most?â. Data science refers to people who selected âData analysisâ or âMachine Learningâ in the same question.

How long have you been programming in Python?

How many years of professional coding experience do you have?

37%

of Python developers reported contributing to open-source projects last year.

In the past year, how would you describe your contributions to open source?100+

Documentation / Examples / Educational

Maintainer / Governance / Leadership

Triaging issues or feature requests

Community building / Outreach

34%

of Python developers report practicing collaborative development.

Where do you typically learn about new tools and technologies that are relevant to your Python development?100+

Online coding schools and MOOCs

Purposes for Using Python

In this section, we asked questions to find out what people use Python for, what types of development they are involved in, and how they combine their various uses.

For what purposes do you mainly use Python?

51%

Both for work and personal

28%

For personal, educational or side projects

51% 51% 44% Data analysis 45% 43% 42% Web development 36% 36% 34% Machine learning â â 27% Data engineering 36% 34% 26% DevOps / Systems administration / Writing automation scripts 31% 30% 25% Programming of web parsers / scrapers / crawlers â â 25% Academic research 26% 25% 23% Software testing / Writing automated tests 27% 27% 22% Educational purposes â â 21% Design / Data visualization 22% 20% 19% Software prototyping 19% 19% 15% Desktop development 18% 17% 14% Network programming 12% 13% 10% Computer graphics 10% 9% 10% Game development â â 8% MLOps 5% 6% 7% Multimedia applications development 7% 8% 7% Embedded development 6% 6% 6% Mobile development 7% 6% 6% Other

Please note that in 2023 the list was expanded with new options.

Python usage as main and secondary language100+

Data analysis

Web development

Machine learning

Data engineering

Academic research

DevOps / Systems administration / Writing automation scripts

Programming of web parsers / scrapers / crawlers

What do you use Python for the most?

DevOps / Systems administration / Writing automation scripts

To what extent are you involved in the following activities?

DevOps / Systems administration / Writing automation scripts

Software testing / Writing automated tests

Design / Data visualization

Programming of web parsers / scrapers / crawlers

Almost half of Python 2 holdouts are under 21 years old and a third are students. Perhaps courses are still using Python 2?

â â 2% Python 3.13 â â 19% Python 3.12 â â 31% Python 3.11 16% 45% 23% Python 3.10 35% 23% 11% Python 3.9 27% 17% 8% Python 3.8 13% 9% 3% Python 3.7 7% 4% 2% Python 3.6 2% 2% 1% Python 3.5 or lower

Note: In 2023, Python 3.7 and below were at the end of their lifecycle. Python 3.12 was released in October 2023 (1 month before this survey began) and is already highly adopted. Developers using Python 3.13 from this survey are using an alpha release.

Almost 75% of users use the last 3 versions of Python. That's great news! The community has been adopting the latest versions of Python quite quickly on account of the performance and convenience improvements they offer.

Python installation and upgrade100+

OS-wide package-management tool

Automatic upgrade via cloud provider

Note: Enthought got less than 0.5% and has been merged to Others.

Please note that in 2023 the list was expanded with new options.

Flask

FastAPI

Requests

Django

Asyncio

Streamlit

Django REST Framework

Other frameworks and libraries100+

Unit-testing frameworks100+

Cloud platforms usage100+

31% 32% 33% AWS 19% 22% 25% Google Cloud Platform 14% 16% 20% Microsoft Azure 7% 9% 11% PythonAnywhere 10% 11% 10% DigitalOcean 14% 13% 7% Heroku â â 4% Alibaba 3% 4% 3% Linode â â 3% Oracle Cloud â â 3% Hetzner 3% 4% 2% OpenStack 2% 3% 2% OpenShift â â 2% Tencent 1% 2% <1% Rackspace 6% 6% 5% Other 39% 34% 33% None

Please note that in 2023 the list was expanded with new options.

How do you run code in the cloud?100+

26%

On a platform-as-a-service

45%

of Pythonistas say they use Kubernetes for running code in containers.

Which of the following do you use?100+

49%

Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service

33%

Google Kubernetes Engine

21%

Azure Kubernetes Service

How do you develop for the cloud?100+

With local system interpreter

In remote development environments

Directly in the production environment

48%

of all surveyed Python developers are involved in data exploration and processing.

Tools for data exploration and processing

Libraries for creating dashboards100+

25% of respondents say they work on creating dashboards. Plotly Dash and Streamlit are the top two choices for such tasks.

32%

of all Python developers report they train ML models or generate predictions from them. scikit-learn and PyTorch are the top two solutions used for these tasks.

Frameworks for ML model training and prediction100+

Hugging Face Transformers

Platforms for training100+

Experiment tracking tools100+

Google deprecated TensorBoard.dev (a service to publish tensorboard data in a single click) on January 1, 2024. We can expect other options to become more popular in 2024.

Tools for data versioning100+

18%

of all surveyed developers work on ML deployment and inference.

Do you work with big data?

Solutions used for work with big data100+

The share of developers using Linux as their development environment has decreased through the years: compared with 2021, itâs dropped by 8 percentage points.

Platforms and tools for deployment and inference100+

34% 35% 34% SQLAlchemy 29% 28% 25% Django ORM 16% 16% 13% Raw SQL â â 7% SQLModel 5% 8% 3% SQLObject 3% 3% 2% Peewee 2% 3% 2% Tortoise ORM 1% 2% 1% Dejavu 1% 3% 1% PonyORM 4% 4% 3% Other 36% 34% 41% I donât do database development

The share of those who are not doing any database development increased by 7 percentage points compared to last year.

I donât do database development

SQLAlchemy

Django ORM

Raw SQL

43% 42% 43% PostgreSQL 38% 36% 34% SQLite 37% 37% 30% MySQL 20% 19% 17% MongoDB 18% 16% 17% Redis 10% 12% 10% MS SQL Server â â 10% MariaDB 6% 7% 6% Oracle Database â â 5% DynamoDB 3% 4% 4% Amazon Redshift â â 4% BigQuery 2% 3% 2% Cassandra 2% 3% 2% Neo4j â â 2% ClickHouse â â 2% Firebase Realtime Database 1% 2% 1% HBase 1% 2% 1% DB2 1% 2% 1% h2 â â 1% Apache Pinot â â 1% Apache Druid 1% 2% 0% Couchbase 6% 6% 4% Other 19% 18% 20% None

Please note that in 2023 the list was expanded with new options.

PostgreSQL remains the most popular database among Python users for the third year in a row.

Continuous integration (CI) systems100+

AWS CodePipeline / AWS CodeStar

Configuration Management Tools100+

Python Tools for Visual Studio

To identify the most popular editors and IDEs, we asked a single-answer question âWhat is the main editor you use for your current Python development?â.

Among PyCharm users, 68% choose PyCharm Professional Edition.

Data science vs. Web development

Visual Studio Code

PyCharm

Jupyter Notebook

Only 6% of VS Code users use VS Code Data Wrangler. At the same time, Jupyter support provided by VS Code is used by 51% of its users.

Jupyter support in IntelliJ IDEA and PyCharm is used by 34% and 47% of users respectively.

IDEs/Editors used in addition to main IDE/Editor100+

PyCharm Community Edition

PyCharm Professional Edition

Number of IDEs/Editors used

According to our data, 40% of respondents use 3 or more IDEs / editors for Python development, which is very close to the number of those using 2 IDEs / editors simultaneously.

Which of the following tools do you use to isolate Python environments between projects?100+

44% 43% 55% venv 42% 37% 28% virtualenv 21% 21% 20% Conda 14% 16% 18% Poetry 16% 14% 9% Pipenv 7% 6% 4% virtualenvwrapper 1% 3% 3% Hatch 4% 3% 4% Other 15% 15% 11% I do not use any tools to isolate Python environments

Which tools do you use to manage dependencies?100+

What format(s) is your application dependency information stored in?100+

Where do you install packages from?100

An internal mirror of PyPI

A private Python Package Index

Where do you install packages from?100

PyPI

GitHub

Anaconda

A local source

Other Conda channels

25%

of respondents say they have packaged and published Python applications they developed to a package repository.

Which tools do you use to create packages of your Python libraries?100

Do you use a virtual environment in containers?

16%

of respondents build binary modules for Python using another language like C, C++, Rust, or Go.

Languages for building binary modules for Python100+

This question was optional.

Working in a team vs working independently

Fully employed by a company / organization

Partially employed by a company / organization

Information Technology / Software Development

Accounting / Finance / Insurance

Banking / Real Estate / Mortgage Financing

Sales / Distribution / Business Development

Logistics / Transportation

What is your country or region?

All countries/regions smaller than 1% have been merged into âOtherâ.

Methodology and Raw Data

Want to dig further into the data? Download the anonymized survey responses and see what you can learn! Share your findings and insights by mentioning @jetbrains and @ThePSF on Twitter with the hashtag #pythondevsurvey.

Before you begin to dissecting this data, please note the following important points:

Once again, on behalf of both the Python Software Foundation and JetBrains, weâd like to thank everyone who took part in this survey. With your help, weâre able to map the landscape of the Python community more accurately!

We hope you found our report useful. Share this report with your friends and colleagues!

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