Abdel-Sabour MF (2007) Chromium in receving environment in Egypt (An Overview). eJ Environ Agric Food Chem 6:2178–2198

CAS  Google Scholar 

Altschul SF, Gish W et al (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 219:403–410

Google Scholar 

Arnon DI (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplast: polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol 24:1–15

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Becquer T, Quantin C et al (2003) Chromium availability in ultramafic soils from New Caledonia. Sci Total Environ 301:251–261

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Burd GI, Dixon GD, Glick BR (2000) Plant growth promoting bacteria that decrease heavy metal toxicity in plants. Can J Microbiol 46:237–245

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Camargo FAO, Bento FM et al (2003) Chromate reduction by chromium-resistant bacteria isolated from soils contaminated with dichromate. J Environ Qual 32:1228–1233

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Cervantes C, Campos-Garcia J (2007) Reduction and efflux of chromate by bacteria. In: Nies DH, Silver S (eds) Molecular microbiology of heavy metals. Microbiology monographs, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, pp 407–419

Chapter  Google Scholar 

Cheung KH, Gu JD (2005) Chromate reduction by Bacillus megaterium TKW3 isolated from marine sediments. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 21:213–219

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Denton B (2007) Advances in phytoremediation of heavy metals using plant growth promoting bacteria and fungi. MMG 445 Basic Biotechnol eJ 3:1–5

Google Scholar 

Doelman P (1985) Resistance of soil microbial communities to heavy metals. In: Jensen V, Kjoelles A, Soerensen LH (eds) Microbial communities in soil. Elsevier, London, pp 369–384

Google Scholar 

Faisal M, Hasnain S (2004) Microbial convertion of Cr(VI) in to Cr(III) in industrial effluent. African J Biotechnol 3:610–617

CAS  Google Scholar 

Faisal M, Hasnain S (2006) Plant growth by Brevibacterium under chromium stress. Res J Bot 1:24–29

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Glick BR (2003) Phytoremediation: synergistic use of plants and bacteria to clean up the environment. Biotechnol Adv 21:383–393

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Husen E (2003) Screening of soil bacteria for plant growth promotion activities in vitro. Indo J Agric Sci 4:27–31

Google Scholar 

Jing YD, He ZL, Yang XE (2007) Role of soil rhizobacteria in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 8:192–207

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kabata-Pendias A, Pendias H (2001) Trace elements in soil and plants, 3rd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton

Google Scholar 

Kotas J, Stasicka Z (2000) Chromium occurrence in the environment and method of its speciation. Environ Pollut 107:263–283

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Losi ME, Amrhein C, Frankenberger WT (1994) Environmental biochemistry of chromium. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 36:91–121

Google Scholar 

Maidack BL, Olsen GJ et al (1997) The RDP (Ribosomal Database Project). Nucleic Acids Res 205:109–111

Article  Google Scholar 

Marsh TL, McInerney MJ (2001) Relationship of hydrogen bioavailability to chromate reduction in aquifer sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:1517–1521

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

McLean J, Beveridge TJ (2001) Chromate reduction by a pseudomonad isolated from a site contaminated with chromated copper arsenate. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:1076–1084

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

McLean JS, Beveridge TJ, Phipps D (2000) Isolation and characterization of a chromium-reducing bacterium from a chromated copper arsenate-contaminated site. Environ Microbiol 2:611–619

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mei B, Puryer JD, Newton RJ (2002) Assesment of Cr tolerance and accumulation in selected plant species. Plant Soil 247:223–231

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nurbap Nourbakhsh M, Kilicarslan S et al (2002) Biosorption of Cr⁶⁺, Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions in industrial waste water on Bacillus sp. Chem Eng J 85:351–355

Article  Google Scholar 

Pal A, Dutta S, Paul AK (2005) Reduction of hexavalent chromium by cell-free extract of Bacillus sphaericus AND 303 isolated from serpentine soil. Curr Microbiol 66:327–330

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pei QH, Shahir S, Santhana Raj AS (2009) Chromium(VI) resistance and removal by Acinetobacter haemolyticus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 25:1085–1093

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rahman M, Gul S, Haq MZ (2007) Reduction of chromium (VI) by locally isolated Pseudomonas sp. C-171. Turk J Biol 31:161–166

CAS  Google Scholar 

Rajkumar M, Freitas H (2008) Influence of metal resistant-plant growth-promoting bacteria on the growth of Ricinus communis in soil contaminated with heavy metals. Chemosphere 71:834–842

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rajkumar M, Nagendran R et al (2005) Characterization of a novel Cr⁶⁺ reducing Pseudomonas sp. with plant growth-promoting potential. Curr Microbiol 50:266–271

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rajkumar M, Nagendran R et al (2006) Influence of plant growth promoting bacteria and Cr⁶⁺ on the growth of Indian mustard. Chemosphere 62:741–748

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sani RK, Peyton BM et al (2002) Dissimilatory reduction of Cr(VI), Fe(III) and U(VI) by Cellulomonas isolates. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 60:192–199

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sau GB, Chatterjee S, Sinha S, Mukherjee SK (2008) Isolation and characterization of a Cr(VI) reducing Bacillus firmus strain from industrial effluents. Polish J Microbiol 57:327–332

CAS  Google Scholar 

Schumann P, Weiss N, Stackebrandt E (2001) Reclassification of Cellulomonas cellulans (Stackebrandt and Keddie 1986) as Cellulosimicrobium cellulans gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1007–1010

CAS  Google Scholar 

Shakoori AR, Makhdoom M, Haq RU (2000) Hexavalent chromium reduction by a dichromate-resistant gram-positive bacterium isolated from effluents of tanneries. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 53:348–351

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shanker AK, Cervantes C et al (2005) Chromium toxicity in plants. Environ Int 31:735–753

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Silver S, Phung LT (1996) Bacterial heavy metal resistance: new surprises. Ann Rev Microbiol 50:753–789

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sinha S, Mukherjee SK (2008) Cadmium-induced siderophore production by a high Cd-resistant bacterial strain relieved Cd toxicity in plants through root colonization. Curr Microbiol 56:55–60

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Urone PF (1955) Stability of colorimetric reagent for chromium. S-diphenylcarbazides in various solvents. Anal Chem 27:1354–1355

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Viamajala S, Smith WA et al (2007) Isolation and characterization of Cr(VI)-reducing Cellulomonas spp from subsurface soils: implications for long-term chromate reduction. Bioresour Technol 98:612–622

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang YT, Xiao C (1995) Factors affecting hexavalent chromium reduction in pure cultures of bacteria. Water Res 29:2467–2474

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang PC, Mori T et al (1989) Isolation and characterization of an Enterobacter cloacae strain that reduces hexavalent chromium under anaerobic conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 55:1665–1669

CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang P, Mori T, Toda K, Ohtake H (1990) Membrane associated chromate reductase activity from Enterobacter cloacae. J Bacteriol 172:1670–1672

CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang CL, Michels PC et al (1997) Cadmium removal by a new strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in aerobic culture. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:4075–4078

CAS  Google Scholar 

Yu GH, Xie YH et al (2006) Mitigating the repress of cinnamic acid to cucumber growth by microbial strain. Acta Microbiologica Sinica 46:934–938

Google Scholar 

Zhuang XL, Chen J et al (2007) New advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for bioremediation. Environ Int 33:406–413

Article  Google Scholar