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Removal of chromium (VI) from water streams: a thermodynamic study

The chemical speciation of water solutions containing chromium oxyanions in various ratios is calculated (with the aid of available computer code Mineql Plus, Geochemist Workbench and Visual Minteq) and discussed. The effect of solution pH, total concentration of each species studied, and the presence of other species in solution are calculated and presented in the form of thermodynamic speciation diagrams. Electrochemical diagram (correlating pH to Eh) has been calculated as well. The conditions of Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) and the subsequent solid phase precipitation are given as a function of redox potential and pH. Surface reactions that might occur between the chromate ions in the solution and redox couples as Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ on the surface of sorbents are also discussed. Moreover, experimental sorption data of hexavalent chromium onto synthetic magnetite are presented and discussed with the aid of the calculated diagrams. A mechanism is elucidated for the efficient removal of Cr(VI) from water streams at low pH values, and zeta potential data of synthetic magnetite with and without Cr(VI) are presented, which agree well with the mechanism proposed.

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This work got financial support from the Project Science and Technology Assistance Agency contract No. APVT-51-017104. Our thanks are due to Miss. L. Sucova for her experimental collaboration as a student.

1. Laboratory of General and Inorganic Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University, 540 06, Thessaloniki, Greece

   George P. Gallios

2. Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 043 53, Kosice, Slovakia

   Miroslava Vaclavikova

1. George P. Gallios
2. Miroslava Vaclavikova

Correspondence to George P. Gallios.

Gallios, G.P., Vaclavikova, M. Removal of chromium (VI) from water streams: a thermodynamic study. Environ Chem Lett 6, 235–240 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-007-0128-8

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• Received: 26 April 2007

• Accepted: 08 October 2007

• Published: 21 November 2007

• Issue Date: November 2008

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-007-0128-8

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