Premenstrual disorders (PMD) are characterised by a cluster of somatic and psychological symptoms of varying severity that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve during menses (Freeman and Sondheimer, Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 5:30–39, 2003; Halbreich, Gynecol Endocrinol 19:320–334, 2004). Although PMD have been widely recognised for many decades, their precise cause is still unknown and there are no definitive, universally accepted diagnostic criteria. To consider this issue, an international multidisciplinary group of experts met at a face-to-face consensus meeting to review current definitions and diagnostic criteria for PMD. This was followed by extensive correspondence. The consensus group formally became established as the International Society for Premenstrual Disorders (ISPMD). The inaugural meeting of the ISPMD was held in Montreal in September 2008. The primary aim was to provide a unified approach for the diagnostic criteria of PMD, their quantification and guidelines on clinical trial design. This report summarises their recommendations. It is hoped that the criteria proposed here will inform discussions of the next edition of the World Health Organisation’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), and the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-V) criteria that are currently under consideration. It is also hoped that the proposed definitions and guidelines could be used by all clinicians and investigators to provide a consistent approach to the diagnosis and treatment of PMD and to aid scientific and clinical research in this field.
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The Consensus Group acknowledges the opinion on the final manuscript of Professor David Rubinow who was invited as an original consensus member but was subsequently unable to attend. We also thank Julia Magnay for her detailed preparation and editing of this report.
Conflicts of interestBayer Schering Pharma provided unrestricted funding for the ISPMD consensus meeting, but they did not attend discussions or influence the outcome and recommendations in this publication.
Author information Authors and AffiliationsAcademic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Keele University School of Medicine, University Hospital North Staffordshire, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire, UK
Patrick Michael Shaughn O’Brien
Umeå Neurosteroid Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Norrland University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
Torbjorn Bäckström
Departments of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN, USA
Candace Brown
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Lorraine Dennerstein
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
Jean Endicott
Departments of Psychiatry, Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
C. Neill Epperson
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Göteberg University, Göteberg, Sweden
Elias Eriksson
Departments of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Ellen Freeman
State University of New York at Buffalo and WPA, New York, NY, USA
Uriel Halbreich
Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Stoke on Trent, UK
Khaled M. K. Ismail
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
Nicholas Panay
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Teri Pearlstein
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Andrea Rapkin
Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Robert Reid
Section on Behavioral Endocrinology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Peter Schmidt
Departments of Psychiatry, Behavioural Neurosciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology McMaster University, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, 301 James Street South, Hamilton, ON, L8P3B6, Canada
Meir Steiner
Department of Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
John Studd
Departments of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, New Haven, CT, USA
Kimberley Yonkers
Correspondence to Patrick Michael Shaughn O’Brien.
Additional informationAll authors are members of the International Society for Premenstrual Disorders Expert Consensus Group.
About this article Cite this articleO’Brien, P.M.S., Bäckström, T., Brown, C. et al. Towards a consensus on diagnostic criteria, measurement and trial design of the premenstrual disorders: the ISPMD Montreal consensus. Arch Womens Ment Health 14, 13–21 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-010-0201-3
Received: 31 October 2010
Accepted: 02 December 2010
Published: 12 January 2011
Issue Date: February 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-010-0201-3
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