Disorders of the basal ganglia can be broadly divided into two: ones that manifest hypokinesia or those that elicit hyperkinesia. Parkinson's disease is the commonest form of hypokinetic disorder. The term Parkinson's disease (PD) usually encompasses idiopathic and Parkinsonianlike syndromes. PD is a chronic and progressive disease, in which the symptoms tend to appear unilateral to begin with. Subsequently subtle dysfunctions on the contralateral side may also be observed. Tremor, akinesia and rigidity are some of the classical features of the disease. Although many hypotheses have been proposed, the cause of PD largely remains obscure. Management of PD includes pharmacological treatment or/and surgical intervention.
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Similar content being viewed by others Explore related subjectsDiscover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning. Author information Authors and AffiliationsDivision of Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany, , , , , , DE
J. Sian, M. Gerlach & P. Riederer
Department of Pharmacology, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, , , , , , IL
M. B. H. Youdim
Received August 1997; accepted March 12, 1998
About this article Cite this articleSian, J., Gerlach, M., Youdim, M. et al. Parkinson's disease: a major hypokinetic basal ganglia disorder. J Neural Transm 106, 443–476 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/s007020050171
Issue Date: June 1999
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s007020050171
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