A field survey was conducted to study the characteristics of zinc, cadmium, and lead accumulation and rhizosphere microbial population associated with hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance growing natively on an old lead/zinc mining site. We found significant hyperaccumulation of zinc and cadmium in field samples of S. alfredii, with maximal shoot concentrations of 9.10–19.61 g kg−1 zinc and 0.12–1.23 g kg−1 cadmium, shoot/root ratios ranging from 1.75 to 3.19 (average 2.54) for zinc, 3.36 to 4.43 (average 3.85) for cadmium, shoot bioaccumulation factors of zinc and cadmium being 1.46–4.84 and 7.35–17.41, respectively. While most of lead was retained in roots, thus indicating exclusion as a tolerance strategy for lead. Compared to the non-rhizosphere soil, organic matter and total nitrogen and phosphorus content, CEC and water extractable zinc, cadmium, and lead concentration were significantly higher, but pH was smaller in rhizosphere soil. The rhizosphere soil of S. alfredii harbored a wide variety of microorganism. In general, significantly higher numbers of culturable bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi were found in the rhizosphere compared to bulk soil, confirming the stimulatory effect of the S. alfredii rhizosphere on microbial growth and proliferation. Analyses of BIOLOG data also showed that the growth of S. alfredii resulted in observable changes in BIOLOG metabolic profiles, utilization ability of different carbon substrates of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil were also higher than the non-rhizosphere, confirming a functional effect of the rhizosphere of S. alfredii on bacterial population.
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This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20407008) and Key Technologies R & D Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2007A020100002-6). This manuscripts has been submitted to the Second International Conference on Pollution Ecology held in Guilin, China.
Author information Authors and AffiliationsCollege of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China
Long Xin-Xian, Zhang Yu-Gang & Jun Dai
Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China
Zhou Qixing
Correspondence to Long Xin-Xian.
About this article Cite this articleXin-Xian, L., Yu-Gang, Z., Dai, J. et al. Zinc, Cadmium and Lead Accumulation and Characteristics of Rhizosphere Microbial Population Associated with Hyperaccumulator Sedum Alfredii Hance Under Natural Conditions. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 82, 460–467 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9660-5
Received: 20 December 2007
Accepted: 13 January 2009
Published: 28 January 2009
Issue Date: April 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9660-5
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