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A critical look at the electroweak phase transition

A critical look at the electroweak phase transition

The electroweak phase transition broke the electroweak symmetry. Perturbative methods used to calculate observables related to this phase transition suffer from severe problems such as gauge dependence, infrared divergences, and a breakdown of perturbation theory. In this paper we develop robust perturbative tools for dealing with phase transitions. We argue that gauge and infrared problems are absent in a consistent power-counting. We calculate the finite temperature effective potential to two loops for general gauge-fixing parameters in a generic model. We demonstrate gauge invariance, and perform numerical calculations for the Standard Model in Fermi gauge.

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1. Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00, Prague, Czech Republic

   Andreas Ekstedt

2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20, Uppsala, Sweden

   Johan Löfgren

1. Andreas Ekstedt
2. Johan Löfgren

Correspondence to Johan Löfgren.

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ArXiv ePrint: 2006.12614

Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.

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Ekstedt, A., Löfgren, J. A critical look at the electroweak phase transition. J. High Energ. Phys. 2020, 136 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2020)136

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• Received: 25 June 2020

• Revised: 11 September 2020

• Accepted: 10 November 2020

• Published: 21 December 2020

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2020)136

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