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Quickstart: Create an Azure resource group using Terraform

This article shows how to create an Azure resource group using Terraform.

Terraform enables the definition, preview, and deployment of cloud infrastructure. Using Terraform, you create configuration files using HCL syntax. The HCL syntax allows you to specify the cloud provider - such as Azure - and the elements that make up your cloud infrastructure. After you create your configuration files, you create an execution plan that allows you to preview your infrastructure changes before they're deployed. Once you verify the changes, you apply the execution plan to deploy the infrastructure.

In this article, you learn how to:

• Install and configure Terraform

1. Create a directory in which to test the sample Terraform code and make it the current directory.

2. Create a file named providers.tf and insert the following code:

   terraform {
     required_providers {
       azurerm = {
         source  = "hashicorp/azurerm"
         version = "~>4.0"
       }
       random = {
         source  = "hashicorp/random"
         version = "~>3.0"
       }
     }
   }
   
   provider "azurerm" {
     features {}
   }
   

3. Create a file named main.tf and insert the following code:

   # Create a random name for the resource group using random_pet
   resource "random_pet" "rg_name" {
     prefix = var.resource_group_name_prefix
   }
   
   # Create a resource group using the generated random name
   resource "azurerm_resource_group" "example" {
     location = var.resource_group_location
     name     = random_pet.rg_name.id
   }
   

4. Create a file named variables.tf and insert the following code:

   variable "resource_group_location" {
     type        = string
     default     = "eastus"
     description = "Location of the resource group."
   }
   
   variable "resource_group_name_prefix" {
     type        = string
     default     = "rg"
     description = "Prefix of the resource group name that's combined with a random ID so name is unique in your Azure subscription."
   }
   

5. Create a file named outputs.tf and insert the following code:

   output "resource_group_name" {
     value = azurerm_resource_group.example.name
   }
   

Run terraform init to initialize the Terraform deployment. This command downloads the Azure provider required to manage your Azure resources.

terraform init -upgrade

Key points:

• The -upgrade parameter upgrades the necessary provider plugins to the newest version that complies with the configuration's version constraints.

Run terraform plan to create an execution plan.

terraform plan -out main.tfplan

Key points:

• The terraform plan command creates an execution plan, but doesn't execute it. Instead, it determines what actions are necessary to create the configuration specified in your configuration files. This pattern allows you to verify whether the execution plan matches your expectations before making any changes to actual resources.
• The optional -out parameter allows you to specify an output file for the plan. Using the -out parameter ensures that the plan you reviewed is exactly what is applied.

Run terraform apply to apply the execution plan to your cloud infrastructure.

terraform apply main.tfplan

Key points:

• The example terraform apply command assumes you previously ran terraform plan -out main.tfplan.
• If you specified a different filename for the -out parameter, use that same filename in the call to terraform apply.
• If you didn't use the -out parameter, call terraform apply without any parameters.

• Azure CLI
• Azure PowerShell

1. Get the Azure resource group name.

   resource_group_name=$(terraform output -raw resource_group_name)
   

2. Run az group show to display the resource group.

   az group show --name $resource_group_name
   

1. Get the Azure resource group name.

   $resource_group_name=$(terraform output -raw resource_group_name)
   

2. Run Get-AzResourceGroup to display the resource group.

   Get-AzResourceGroup -Name $resource_group_name
   

When you no longer need the resources created via Terraform, do the following steps:

1. Run terraform plan and specify the destroy flag.

   terraform plan -destroy -out main.destroy.tfplan
   

   Key points:

   • The terraform plan command creates an execution plan, but doesn't execute it. Instead, it determines what actions are necessary to create the configuration specified in your configuration files. This pattern allows you to verify whether the execution plan matches your expectations before making any changes to actual resources.
   • The optional -out parameter allows you to specify an output file for the plan. Using the -out parameter ensures that the plan you reviewed is exactly what is applied.

2. Run terraform apply to apply the execution plan.

   terraform apply main.destroy.tfplan
   

Troubleshoot common problems when using Terraform on Azure

Learn more about using Terraform in Azure

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