DynRankView¶
Header file: <Kokkos_DynRankView.hpp>
DynRankView is a potential reference counted multidimensional array with compile time layouts and memory space. Its semantics are similar to that of std::shared_ptr. The DynRankView differs from the [[View|Kokkos::View]] in that its rank is not provided with the DataType template parameter; it is determined dynamically based on the number of extent arguments passed to the constructor. The rank has an upper bound of 7 dimensions.
DataType –
Defines the fundamental scalar type of the DynRankView
Attention
This parameter is mandatory
The basic structure is ScalarType. Examples:
double: a DynRankView of double, dimensions are passed as arguments to the constructor, the number of which determine the rank.
LayoutType –
Determines the mapping of indices into the underlying 1D memory storage
Important
This parameter is optional
Custom Layouts can be implemented, but Kokkos comes with some built-in ones:
LayoutRight: Strides increase from the right most to the left most dimension. The last dimension has a stride of one. This corresponds to how C multi dimensional arrays ([][][]) are laid out in memory.
LayoutLeft: Strides increase from the left most to the right most dimension. The first dimension has a stride of one. This is the layout Fortran uses for its arrays.
LayoutStride: Strides can be arbitrary for each dimension.
MemorySpace –
Controls the storage location
Important
This parameter is optional
If omitted, the default memory space of the default execution space is used (i.e. Kokkos::DefaultExecutionSpace::memory_space)
MemoryTraits –
Finer-grained control on the memory access
Important
This parameter is optional
Unmanaged: The DynRankView will not be reference counted. The allocation has to be provided to the constructor.
Atomic: All accesses to the view will use atomic operations.
RandomAccess: Hint that the view is used in a random access manner. If the view is also const, this will trigger special load operations on GPUs (i.e. texture fetches).
Restrict: There is no aliasing of the view by other data structures in the current scope.
Important
Template parameters other than DataType are optional, but ordering is enforced. That means for example that LayoutType can be omitted but if both MemorySpace and MemoryTraits are specified, MemorySpace must come before MemoryTraits.
Public Static Variables
rank: Rank of the view (i.e. the dimensionality).
rank_dynamic: Number of runtime determined dimensions.
reference_type_is_lvalue_reference: Whether the reference type is a C++ lvalue reference.
Public Data Types Typedefs
The DataType of the DynRankView.
Const version of DataType, same as data_type if that is already const.
Non-const version of DataType, same as data_type if that is already non-const.
If DataType represents some properly specialised array data type such as Sacado FAD types, scalar_array_type is the underlying fundamental scalar type.
The const version of scalar_array_type, same as scalar_array_type if that is already const
The non-Const version of scalar_array_type, same as scalar_array_type if that is already non-const.
Public Scalar Typedefs
The data_type stripped of its array specifiers, i.e. the scalar type of the data the view is referencing (e.g. if data_type is const int*******, value_type is const int).
Const version of value_type.
Non-const version of value_type.
Public Spaces Typedefs
Execution space associated with the view, will be used for performing view initialization, and certain deep_copy operations.
Data storage location type.
The compound type defined by Device<execution_space,memory_space>.
The memory traits of the view.
Host accessible memory space used in HostMirror.
Public View Typedefs
This view type with all template parameters explicitly defined.
This view type with all template parameters explicitly defined using a const data type.
Compatible view type with the same DataType and LayoutType stored in host accessible memory space.
Public Data Handles Typedefs
Return type of the view access operators.
Pointer to scalar type.
Other Public Typedefs
The layout of the DynRankView.
Index type associated with the memory space of this view.
An integer array like type, able to represent the extents of the view.
A specialization tag used for partial specialization of the mapping construct underlying a Kokkos DynRankView.
Constructors
Default constructor. No allocations are made, no reference counting happens. All extents are zero and its data pointer is nullptr and its rank is set to 0.
Copy constructor with compatible DynRankViews. Follows DynRankView assignment rules.
Move constructor.
Copy constructor taking View as input.
Requires: array_layout::is_regular == true
Standard allocating constructor.
name: a user provided label, which is used for profiling and debugging purposes. Names are not required to be unique.
indices: runtime dimensions of the view.
Standard allocating constructor.
name: a user provided label, which is used for profiling and debugging purposes. Names are not required to be unique.
layout: an instance of a layout class.
Requires: array_layout::is_regular == true
Allocating constructor with allocation properties. An allocation properties object is returned by the view_alloc function.
indices: runtime dimensions of the view.
Allocating constructor with allocation properties and a layout object.
layout: an instance of a layout class.
Requires: array_layout::is_regular == true
Unmanaged data wrapping constructor.
ptr: pointer to a user provided memory allocation. Must provide storage of size DynRankView::required_allocation_size(n0,...,nR).
indices: runtime dimensions of the view.
Unmanaged data wrapper constructor.
ptr: pointer to a user provided memory allocation. Must provide storage of size DynRankView::required_allocation_size(layout) (NEEDS TO BE IMPLEMENTED)
layout: an instance of a layout class.
Requires: sizeof(IntType...)==rank_dynamic() and array_layout::is_regular == true
Constructor which acquires memory from a Scratch Memory handle.
space: scratch memory handle. Typically returned from team_handles in TeamPolicy kernels.
indices: runtime dimensions of the view.
Constructor which acquires memory from a Scratch Memory handle.
space: scratch memory handle. Typically returned from team_handles in TeamPolicy kernels.
layout: an instance of a layout class.
Subview constructor. See subview function for arguments.
Data Access Functions
Returns a value of reference_type which may or not be reference itself. The number of index arguments must match the rank of the view. See notes on reference_type for properties of the return type.
Returns a value of reference_type which may or not be reference itself. The number of index arguments must be equal or larger than the rank of the view. Index arguments beyond rank must be 0 , which will be enforced if KOKKOS_DEBUG is defined. See notes on reference_type for properties of the return type.
Data Layout, Dimensions, Strides
Returns the layout object. Can be used to to construct other views with the same dimensions.
Returns the extent of the specified dimension. iType must be an integral type, and dim must be smaller than rank.
Returns the extent of the specified dimension as an int. iType must be an integral type, and dim must be smaller than rank. Compared to extent this function can be useful on architectures where int operations are more efficient than size_t. It also may eliminate the need for type casts in applications which otherwise perform all index operations with int.
Returns the stride of the specified dimension. iType must be an integral type, and dim must be smaller than rank. Example: a.stride(3) == (&a(i0,i1,i2,i3+1,i4)-&a(i0,i1,i2,i3,i4))
Return the stride of dimension 0.
Return the stride of dimension 1.
Return the stride of dimension 2.
Return the stride of dimension 3.
Return the stride of dimension 4.
Return the stride of dimension 5.
Return the stride of dimension 6.
Return the stride of dimension 7.
Return the memory span in elements between the element with the lowest and the highest address. This can be larger than the product of extents due to padding, and or non-contiguous data layout as for example LayoutStride allows.
Return the pointer to the underlying data allocation.
Whether the span is contiguous (i.e. whether every memory location between in span belongs to the index space covered by the view).
Returns the number of bytes necessary for an unmanaged view of the provided dimensions. This function is only valid if array_layout::is_regular == true.
the number of bytes necessary for an unmanaged view of the provided layout.
Other Public Methods
the current reference count of the underlying allocation.
the label of the DynRankView.
the dynamic rank of the DynRankView.
true if the view points to a valid memory location. This function works for both managed and unmanaged views. With the unmanaged view, there is no guarantee that referenced address is valid, only that it is a non-null pointer.
Assignment rules cover the assignment operator as well as copy constructors. We aim at making all logically legal assignments possible, while intercepting illegal assignments if possible at compile time, otherwise at runtime. In the following, we use DstType and SrcType as the type of the destination view and source view respectively. dst_view and src_view refer to the runtime instances of the destination and source views, i.e.:
ScrType src_view(...); DstType dst_view(src_view); dst_view = src_view;
The following conditions must be met at and are evaluated at compile time:
DstType::rank == SrcType::rank
DstType::non_const_value_type is the same as SrcType::non_const_value_type
If std::is_const<SrcType::value_type>::value == true than std::is_const<DstType::value_type>::value == true.
MemorySpaceAccess<DstType::memory_space,SrcType::memory_space>::assignable == true
Furthermore there are rules which must be met if DstType::array_layout is not the same as SrcType::array_layout. These rules only cover cases where both layouts are one of LayoutLeft , LayoutRight or LayoutStride
DstType::array_layout nor SrcType::array_layout is LayoutStride:
If DstType::rank > 1 than DstType::array_layout must be the same as SrcType::array_layout.
DstType::array_layout or SrcType::array_layout is LayoutStride
For each dimension k it must hold that dst_view.extent(k) == src_view.extent(k)
#include<Kokkos_Core.hpp>
#include<cstdio>
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
Kokkos::initialize(argc,argv);
int N0 = atoi(argv[1]);
int N1 = atoi(argv[2]);
Kokkos::DynRankView<double> a("A",N0);
Kokkos::DynRankView<double> b("B",N1);
Kokkos::parallel_for("InitA", N0, KOKKOS_LAMBDA (const int& i) {
a(i) = i;
});
Kokkos::parallel_for("InitB", N1, KOKKOS_LAMBDA (const int& i) {
b(i) = i;
});
Kokkos::DynRankView<double,Kokkos::LayoutLeft> c("C",N0,N1);
{
Kokkos::DynRankView<const double> const_a(a);
Kokkos::DynRankView<const double> const_b(b);
Kokkos::parallel_for("SetC", Kokkos::MDRangePolicy<Kokkos::Rank<2,Kokkos::Iterate::Left>>({0,0},{N0,N1}),
KOKKOS_LAMBDA (const int& i0, const int& i1) {
c(i0,i1) = a(i0) * b(i1);
});
}
Kokkos::finalize();
}
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