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BigBirdPegasus

BigBirdPegasus Overview

The BigBird model was proposed in Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences by Zaheer, Manzil and Guruganesh, Guru and Dubey, Kumar Avinava and Ainslie, Joshua and Alberti, Chris and Ontanon, Santiago and Pham, Philip and Ravula, Anirudh and Wang, Qifan and Yang, Li and others. BigBird, is a sparse-attention based transformer which extends Transformer based models, such as BERT to much longer sequences. In addition to sparse attention, BigBird also applies global attention as well as random attention to the input sequence. Theoretically, it has been shown that applying sparse, global, and random attention approximates full attention, while being computationally much more efficient for longer sequences. As a consequence of the capability to handle longer context, BigBird has shown improved performance on various long document NLP tasks, such as question answering and summarization, compared to BERT or RoBERTa.

The abstract from the paper is the following:

Transformers-based models, such as BERT, have been one of the most successful deep learning models for NLP. Unfortunately, one of their core limitations is the quadratic dependency (mainly in terms of memory) on the sequence length due to their full attention mechanism. To remedy this, we propose, BigBird, a sparse attention mechanism that reduces this quadratic dependency to linear. We show that BigBird is a universal approximator of sequence functions and is Turing complete, thereby preserving these properties of the quadratic, full attention model. Along the way, our theoretical analysis reveals some of the benefits of having O(1) global tokens (such as CLS), that attend to the entire sequence as part of the sparse attention mechanism. The proposed sparse attention can handle sequences of length up to 8x of what was previously possible using similar hardware. As a consequence of the capability to handle longer context, BigBird drastically improves performance on various NLP tasks such as question answering and summarization. We also propose novel applications to genomics data.

The original code can be found here.

Usage tips Resources BigBirdPegasusConfig class transformers.BigBirdPegasusConfig < source >

( vocab_size = 96103 max_position_embeddings = 4096 encoder_layers = 16 encoder_ffn_dim = 4096 encoder_attention_heads = 16 decoder_layers = 16 decoder_ffn_dim = 4096 decoder_attention_heads = 16 encoder_layerdrop = 0.0 decoder_layerdrop = 0.0 use_cache = True is_encoder_decoder = True activation_function = 'gelu_new' d_model = 1024 dropout = 0.1 attention_dropout = 0.0 activation_dropout = 0.0 init_std = 0.02 decoder_start_token_id = 2 classifier_dropout = 0.0 scale_embedding = True pad_token_id = 0 bos_token_id = 2 eos_token_id = 1 attention_type = 'block_sparse' block_size = 64 num_random_blocks = 3 use_bias = False **kwargs )

Parameters

This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a BigBirdPegasusModel. It is used to instantiate an BigBirdPegasus model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the BigBirdPegasus google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv architecture.

Configuration objects inherit from PretrainedConfig and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the documentation from PretrainedConfig for more information.

Example:

>>> from transformers import BigBirdPegasusConfig, BigBirdPegasusModel

>>> 
>>> configuration = BigBirdPegasusConfig()

>>> 
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusModel(configuration)

>>> 
>>> configuration = model.config
BigBirdPegasusModel class transformers.BigBirdPegasusModel < source >

( config: BigBirdPegasusConfig )

Parameters

The bare BigBirdPegasus Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top. This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)

This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

forward < source >

( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None decoder_attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None cross_attn_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_outputs: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None past_key_values: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None decoder_inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

Parameters

A transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqModelOutput or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (BigBirdPegasusConfig) and inputs.

The BigBirdPegasusModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

Example:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BigBirdPegasusModel
>>> import torch

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusModel.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")

>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)

>>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
BigBirdPegasusForConditionalGeneration class transformers.BigBirdPegasusForConditionalGeneration < source >

( config: BigBirdPegasusConfig )

Parameters

The BigBirdPegasus Model with a language modeling head. Can be used for summarization. This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)

This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

forward < source >

( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None decoder_attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None cross_attn_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_outputs: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None past_key_values: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None decoder_inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

Parameters

A transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqLMOutput or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (BigBirdPegasusConfig) and inputs.

The BigBirdPegasusForConditionalGeneration forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

Summarization example:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BigBirdPegasusForConditionalGeneration

>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")

>>> ARTICLE_TO_SUMMARIZE = (
...     "The dominant sequence transduction models are based on complex recurrent or convolutional neural "
...     "networks in an encoder-decoder configuration. The best performing models also connect the encoder "
...     "and decoder through an attention mechanism. We propose a new simple network architecture, the Transformer, "
...     "based solely on attention mechanisms, dispensing with recurrence and convolutions entirely. "
...     "Experiments on two machine translation tasks show these models to be superior in quality "
...     "while being more parallelizable and requiring significantly less time to train."
... )
>>> inputs = tokenizer([ARTICLE_TO_SUMMARIZE], max_length=4096, return_tensors="pt", truncation=True)

>>> 
>>> summary_ids = model.generate(inputs["input_ids"], num_beams=4, max_length=15)
>>> tokenizer.batch_decode(summary_ids, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False)[0]
'dominant sequence models are based on recurrent or convolutional neural networks .'
BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification class transformers.BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification < source >

( config: BigBirdPegasusConfig **kwargs )

Parameters

BigBirdPegasus model with a sequence classification/head on top (a linear layer on top of the pooled output) e.g. for GLUE tasks.

This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)

This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

forward < source >

( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None decoder_attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None cross_attn_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_outputs: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None decoder_inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqSequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

Parameters

A transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqSequenceClassifierOutput or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (BigBirdPegasusConfig) and inputs.

The BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

Example of single-label classification:

>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")

>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")

>>> with torch.no_grad():
...     logits = model(**inputs).logits

>>> predicted_class_id = logits.argmax().item()

>>> 
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv", num_labels=num_labels)

>>> labels = torch.tensor([1])
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).loss

Example of multi-label classification:

>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv", problem_type="multi_label_classification")

>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")

>>> with torch.no_grad():
...     logits = model(**inputs).logits

>>> predicted_class_ids = torch.arange(0, logits.shape[-1])[torch.sigmoid(logits).squeeze(dim=0) > 0.5]

>>> 
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(
...     "google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv", num_labels=num_labels, problem_type="multi_label_classification"
... )

>>> labels = torch.sum(
...     torch.nn.functional.one_hot(predicted_class_ids[None, :].clone(), num_classes=num_labels), dim=1
... ).to(torch.float)
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).loss
BigBirdPegasusForQuestionAnswering class transformers.BigBirdPegasusForQuestionAnswering < source >

( config )

Parameters

BigBirdPegasus Model with a span classification head on top for extractive question-answering tasks like SQuAD (a linear layer on top of the hidden-states output to compute span start logits and span end logits).

This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings etc.)

This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.

forward < source >

( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None decoder_attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None decoder_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None cross_attn_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_outputs: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None start_positions: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None end_positions: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None decoder_inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqQuestionAnsweringModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

Parameters

A transformers.modeling_outputs.Seq2SeqQuestionAnsweringModelOutput or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (BigBirdPegasusConfig) and inputs.

The BigBirdPegasusForQuestionAnswering forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.

Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while the latter silently ignores them.

Example:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BigBirdPegasusForQuestionAnswering
>>> import torch

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")

>>> question, text = "Who was Jim Henson?", "Jim Henson was a nice puppet"

>>> inputs = tokenizer(question, text, return_tensors="pt")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
...     outputs = model(**inputs)

>>> answer_start_index = outputs.start_logits.argmax()
>>> answer_end_index = outputs.end_logits.argmax()

>>> predict_answer_tokens = inputs.input_ids[0, answer_start_index : answer_end_index + 1]

>>> 
>>> target_start_index = torch.tensor([14])
>>> target_end_index = torch.tensor([15])

>>> outputs = model(**inputs, start_positions=target_start_index, end_positions=target_end_index)
>>> loss = outputs.loss
BigBirdPegasusForCausalLM class transformers.BigBirdPegasusForCausalLM < source >

( config )

forward < source >

( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_hidden_states: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None encoder_attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None cross_attn_head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None past_key_values: typing.Optional[typing.Tuple[typing.Tuple[torch.Tensor]]] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None ) transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutputWithCrossAttentions or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

Parameters

A transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutputWithCrossAttentions or a tuple of torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the configuration (BigBirdPegasusConfig) and inputs.

Example:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BigBirdPegasusForCausalLM

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv")
>>> model = BigBirdPegasusForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
...     "google/bigbird-pegasus-large-arxiv", add_cross_attention=False
... )
>>> assert model.config.is_decoder, f"{model.__class__} has to be configured as a decoder."
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)

>>> logits = outputs.logits
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